Surface damage characterization of photodegraded low-density polyethylene by means of friction measurements

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 805-812
Author(s):  
Toshio Igarashi ◽  
Soichiro Ohno ◽  
Sayaka Oda ◽  
Satoru Hirosawa ◽  
Yusuke Hiejima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Friction Coefficients ◽  
Brittle Transition ◽  
Friction Measurements

Abstract Friction measurements have been carried out to characterize surface damages during photodegradation of low-density polyethylene. The average and mean deviation of the friction coefficients increase with the irradiation time in the early stage of photodegradation processes, indicating the increase in the surface roughness, whereas the mechanical properties remain essentially unchanged. In the following stage, where the ductile-brittle transition takes place, the mean deviation of the friction coefficients shows an appreciable decrease with maintaining almost constant average values, suggesting that the surface becomes more homogeneous. Beyond the ductile-brittle transition, both of the average and mean deviation of the friction coefficients gradually increase with the irradiation time, indicating further enhancement of surface roughness, followed by formation of surface cracks. The soundness of the friction measurements is confirmed by comparing with optical measurements of the surface roughness, and it is suggested that the present method gives a convenient and sensitive method of detection for degradation in polymeric materials.

Influence of surface roughness and surface moisture of plastics on sensor-based sorting in the near infrared range

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (8) ◽  
pp. 843-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bastian Küppers ◽  
Sabine Schloegl ◽  
Gernot Oreski ◽  
Roland Pomberger ◽  
Daniel Vollprecht
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Infrared Range ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Surface Moisture ◽  
Landfill Mining ◽  
Sensor Based Sorting

In the project ‘NEW-MINE’ the use of sensor-based sorting machinery in the field of ‘landfill mining’ is investigated. Defilements pose a particular challenge in the treatment and sorting of plastics contained in landfills. For this reason, the effects of various pollutants caused by the interactions in the landfill body or the mechanical treatment steps in landfill mining are examined. In the following elaboration, the focus is on the influences of surface moisture and surface roughness of plastics on sensor-based sorting by means of near-infrared technology. Near-infrared radiation (NIR) in a wavelength range of 990 nm to 1500 nm has been used for the detection and classification of plastic particles. The experiments demonstrate that increased surface roughness reduces signal noise and thereby improves the classification of both spectrally similar and transparent plastics, but reduces the yield of low-softening plastics because their sliding speed on a sensor-based chute sorter varies as a result of the heating of the chute. Surface moisture causes the absorption of radiation from 1115 nm (high density polyethylene [HDPE], linear low density polyethylene [LLDPE], polyethylen terephthalate [PET] and polyvinylchloride [PVC]) or from 1230 nm (low density polyethylene [LDPE], polypropylene [PP] and thermoplastic polyurethane [TPU]) up to at least 1680 nm, which causes amplification or attenuation of various extremes in the derivative. However, the influence of surface moisture on the yield of plastics is usually very low and depends on the spectral differences between the different plastics.

scholarly journals Characterization of Nanosilica/Low-Density Polyethylene Nanocomposite Materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malek Alghdeir ◽  
Khaled Mayya ◽  
Mohamed Dib
Keyword(s):  
Composite Films ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Ir Radiation ◽  
Ldpe Composites ◽  
Nanosilica Particles

Six ratios of nanosilica particles were employed to fabricate low-density polyethylene (LDPE) composites using melt mixing and hot molding methods. Several composite films with different ratios (0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 wt%) of SiO2 were prepared. The obtained composite films were identified and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-VIS). At a specific mixing ratio, far infrared radiation transmittance was prohibited while the ultraviolet-visible transmittance is allowed; this will be explained in detail. Optical measurements show that the composite films prevent the transmission of IR radiation near 9 μm and allow UV-VIS transmission during sun-shining time. The mechanical behaviour of a nanosilica-reinforced LDPE composite was studied using tensile tests. The addition of 1 wt% nanosilica has successfully enhanced the mechanical properties of the LDPE material.

scholarly journals The Effect of Adding Halloysite Nanotubes as Filler on the Mechanical Properties of Low-Density Polyethylene

2018 ◽  
Vol 919 ◽  
pp. 144-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ľudmila Dulebová ◽  
Karolina Glogowska ◽  
Jaroslav Hájek ◽  
Jakub Fic
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Charpy Impact ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Charpy Impact Test ◽  
Halloysite Nanotubes ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Static Tensile

Reinforcing thermoplastic polymers with nanotubes or nanoplatelets to form nanocomposites is a way to increase the usage of polymeric materials in engineering applications by improving their mechanical properties. The contribution presents the results of research from basic processing and mechanical properties of nanocomposites. Low-Density Polyethylene (LDPE) was used as a matrix for experiments. The material LDPE was modified by Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) with a mass share of 2, 4, 6 wt% of the matrix. Nanocomposites were filled with 5 wt% Polyethylene grafted with maleic anhydride (PE-graft-MA) as a compatibilizer. The specimens were prepared by injection molding and their selected mechanical properties were tested by static tensile test, Charpy impact test and Shore hardness test.

scholarly journals Determination of Partition Coefficients of Selected Model Migrants between Polyethylene and Polypropylene and Nanocomposite Polypropylene

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Otero-Pazos ◽  
David A. Pereira de Abreu ◽  
Raquel Sendon ◽  
Ana Rodriguez Bernaldo de Quiros ◽  
Inmaculada Angulo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Partition Coefficient ◽  
Partition Coefficients ◽  
Food Packaging ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Molecular Substances ◽  
Hybrid Properties

Studies on nanoparticles have focused the attention of the researchers because they can produce nanocomposites that exhibit unexpected hybrid properties. Polymeric materials are commonly used in food packaging, but from the standpoint of food safety, one of the main concerns on the use of these materials is the potential migration of low molecular substances from the packaging into the food. The key parameters of this phenomenon are the diffusion and partition coefficients. Studies on migration from food packaging with nanomaterials are very scarce. This study is focused on the determination of partition coefficients of different model migrants between the low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and polypropylene (PP) and between LDPE and nanocomposite polypropylene (naPP). The results show that the incorporation of nanoparticles in polypropylene increases the mass transport of model migrants from LDPE to naPP. This quantity of migrants absorbed into PP and naPP depends partially on the nature of the polymer and slightly on the chemical features of the migrant. Relation (RPP/naPP) between partition coefficientKLDPE/PPand partition coefficientKLDPE/naPPat 60°C and 80°C shows that only BHT at 60°C has aRPP/naPPless than 1. On the other hand, bisphenol A has the highestRPP/naPPwith approximately 50 times more.

scholarly journals Influence of mechanical properties of polypropylene/low-density polyethylene nanocomposites

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 184798041771592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei Su ◽  
Ying-Guo Zhou ◽  
Hai-Hong Wu
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Polyethylene Composite ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
Two Phases

The mechanical blending of polypropylene and low-density polyethylene is an economical and simple method for producing new polymeric materials for specific applications. However, the reduction in mechanical properties of the blend is one of its main shortcomings. In this study, a filler masterbatch including nano-silicon dioxide, compatibilizer, lubricant agent, and antioxidant agent was prepared, and polypropylene–low-density polyethylene composite parts with different content of filler masterbatch were fabricated and tested for mechanical properties at two tensile test speeds. Also, to investigate the underlying mechanism of the mechanical properties improvement, the tested samples were carefully analyzed and compared and further characterized by scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The results indicate that the mechanical properties, including tensile strength, moduli, and elongation, can be all drastically improved simultaneously with the addition of the filler masterbatch. The results also suggest that the compatibility of the two phases increases with the increase in the filler masterbatch, and the crystal size decreases and distribution uniforms owing to the addition of the filler masterbatch. Furthermore, it was also found that there is a close relationship between the mechanical properties and morphological structures, which are improved by the existence of the filler masterbatch.

The Effect of Surface Roughness on the Wear of Low-Density Polyethylene

1980 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman S. Eiss ◽  
Mehmet M. Bayraktaroglu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Effect Of Surface
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