scholarly journals Anisotropic mechanical properties of fused deposition modeled parts fabricated by using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene polymer

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (7) ◽  
pp. 699-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maksym Rybachuk ◽  
Charlène Alice Mauger ◽  
Thomas Fiedler ◽  
Andreas Öchsner
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Yield Strength ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Anisotropic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

Abstract The anisotropic mechanical properties of parts that are fabricated using acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) polymer relative to part-built orientation employing the fused deposition modelling process are reported in this work. ABSplus-P430 polymer was used to investigate the effects of infill orientation on the parts’ mechanical properties under tensile and compression loading. Results revealed that infill orientation strongly affected the tensile properties of fabricated ABS samples. Specifically, the values for Young’s modulus ranged from ~1.5 to ~2.1 GPa, ultimate tensile strength from ~12.0 to ~22.0 MPa, yield strength from ~1.0 to ~21.0 MPa, and elongation-at-break from ~0.2 to ~4.8% for different infill orientations. Samples with infill orientation aligned to the vertical (i.e. Z-) axis displayed the highest values relative to all other infill orientations investigated. Mechanical properties anisotropy was lower for parts under compressive loading, such that the Young’s modulus, ultimate compressive and yield strength were weakly correlated with infill orientation apart from samples whose built orientation was aligned at 45° to the vertical Z-axis. The latter samples displayed inferior mechanical properties under all compressive tests. The effects of sample gauge thickness on tensile properties and ABS sample micro- and bulk- hardness with respect to infill orientation are also discussed.

scholarly journals Effects of In-Process Temperatures and Blending Polymers on Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Blends

Inventions ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Muhammad Harris ◽  
Johan Potgieter ◽  
Hammad Mohsin ◽  
Karnika De Silva ◽  
Marie-Joo Le Guen
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
High Thermal Resistance ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
First Time ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is a renowned commodity polymer for additive manufacturing, particularly fused deposition modelling (FDM). The recent large-scale applications of 3D-printed ABS require stable mechanical properties than ever needed. However, thermochemical scission of butadiene bonds is one of the contemporary challenges affecting the overall ABS stability. In this regard, literature reports melt-blending of ABS with different polymers with high thermal resistance. However, the comparison for the effects of different polymers on tensile strength of 3D-printed ABS blends was not yet reported. Furthermore, the cumulative studies comprising both blended polymers and in-process thermal variables for FDM were not yet presented as well. This research, for the first time, presents the statistical comparison of tensile properties for the added polymers and in-process thermal variables (printing temperature and build surface temperature). The research presents Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) to explain the thermochemical reasons behind achieved mechanical properties. Overall, ABS blend with PP shows high tensile strength (≈31 MPa) at different combinations of in-process parameters. Furthermore, some commonalities among both blends are noted, i.e., the tensile strength improves with increase of surface (bed) and printing temperature.

scholarly journals Experimental investigation of strength properties of 3D printed ABS composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 309 ◽  
pp. 01148
Author(s):  
Abdul Quader Shurjeel ◽  
Narendra Pothula ◽  
Eshwaraiah Punna
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Raster Angle ◽  
Current Scenario ◽  
Superior Mechanical Properties ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

Owing to the huge demand and dependency of the industry on the lightweight and superior mechanical properties products as well as components, the materials like CF-ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene reinforced with carbon fibers) and PC-ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene reinforced with polycarbonate) have gained utmost importance in the current scenario. The present research in this paper focuses on finding the mechanical properties, mainly the tensile, compression, and flexural properties of both the above-said materials. FDM (Fused Deposition Modelling) is used as the printing technique in this research as it is the most suitable and widely used for the selected materials. After experimentation, a comparison was made between the two materials, and it is found that the PC-ABS material is stronger in compression, tension as well as in flexural at all the parametric settings. The infill percentage was observed to be proportional to the strength of the material as expected. Triangular infill geometry was more strong in compression and flexural whereas grid infill geometry was strong in tension. produced stronger mechanical properties were observed for 0-degree raster angle in all the three criteria compared to the 45 and 90-degree raster angles. When the variation of the strength of the material with the infill geometry was observed, the infill geometry was more sensitive in compression and flexural compared to that in tension. The load vs. displacement curves have been plotted to depict the maximum load and the behavior of the material in the elastic and plastic regions.

Printing with mechanically interlocked extrudates using a custom bi-extruder for fused deposition modelling

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 921-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Abu Hasan Khondoker ◽  
Asad Asad ◽  
Dan Sameoto
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Immiscible Polymers ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Functionally Gradient ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

Purpose This paper aims to target to print functionally gradient materials (FGM) devices made of immiscible polymers in multi-material fused deposition modelling (FDM) systems. The design is intended to improve adhesion of dissimilar thermoplastics without the need for chemical compatibilization so that filaments from many different sources can be used effectively. Therefore, there is a need to invent an alternative solution for printing multiple immiscible polymers in an FDM system with the desired adhesion. Design/methodology/approach In this study, the authors have developed a bi-extruder for FDM systems which can print two thermoplastics through a single nozzle with a static intermixer to enhance bonding between input materials. The system can also change the composition of extrudates continuously. Findings The uniqueness of this extruder is in its easy access to the internal channel so that a static intermixer can be inserted, enabling deposition of mechanically interlocked extrudates composed of two immiscible polymers. Without this intermixer, the bi-extruder extrudes with simple side-by-side co-extrusion having no mechanical interlocking. The bi-extruder was characterized by printing objects using pairs of materials including polylactic acid, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene and high impact polystyrene. Microscope images of the cross-sections of the extrudates confirm the ability of this bi-extruder to control the composition as desired. It was also found that the mechanically interlocked extrudates composed of two immiscible polymers substantially reduces adhesion failures within and between filaments. Originality/value In this study, the first-ever FDM extruder with a mechanical blending feature next to the nozzle has been designed and used to successfully print FGM objects with improved mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Hedysarum coronarium-Based Green Composites Prepared by Compression Molding and Fused Deposition Modeling

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Roberto Scaffaro ◽  
Maria Clara Citarrella ◽  
Emmanuel Fortunato Gulino ◽  
Marco Morreale
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Compression Molding ◽  
Green Composite ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Hedysarum Coronarium ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Fibers Orientation

In this work, an innovative green composite was produced by adding Hedysarum coronarium (HC) flour to a starch-based biodegradable polymer (Mater-Bi®, MB). The flour was obtained by grinding together stems, leaves and flowers and subsequently sieving it, selecting a fraction from 75 μm to 300 μm. Four formulations have been produced by compression molding (CM) and fused deposition modeling (FDM) by adding 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% of HC to MB. The influence of filler content on the processability was tested, and rheological, morphological and mechanical properties of composites were also assessed. Through CM, it was possible to obtain easily homogeneous samples with all filler amounts. Concerning FDM, 5% and 10% HC-filled composites proved also easily printable. Mechanical results showed filler effectively acted as reinforcement: Young’s modulus and tensile strengths of the composites increased from 74.3 MPa to 236 MPa and from 18.6 MPa to 33.4 MPa, respectively, when 20% of HC was added to the pure matrix. FDM samples, moreover, showed higher mechanical properties if compared with CM ones due to rectilinear infill and fibers orientation. In fact, regarding the 10% HC composites, Young’s modulus of the CM and FDM ones displayed a relative increment of 176% and 224%, respectively.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study on Mechanical Properties of 3D Printed Multimaterials ABS/PC Parts: Effect of Printing Parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-104
Author(s):  
Pui-Voon Yap ◽  
Ming-Yeng Chan ◽  
Seong-Chun Koay
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Nozzle Diameter ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Printing Parameters ◽  
Printing Speed

This research work highlights the mechanical properties of multi-material by fused deposition modelling (FDM). The specimens for tensile and flexural test have been printed using polycarbonate (PC) material at different combinations of printing parameters. The effects of varied printing speed, infill density and nozzle diameter on the mechanical properties of specimens have been investigated. Multi-material specimens were fabricated with acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) as the base material and PC as the reinforced material at the optimum printing parameter combination. The specimens were then subjected to mechanical testing to observe their tensile strength, Young’s modulus, percentage elongation, flexural strength and flexural modulus. The outcome of replacing half of ABS with PC to create a multi-material part has been examined. As demonstrated by the results, the optimum combination of printing parameters is 60 mm/s printing speed, 15% infill density and 0.8 mm nozzle diameter. The combination of ABS and PC materials as reinforcing material has improved the tensile strength (by 38.46%), Young’s modulus (by 23.40%), flexural strength (by 23.90%) and flexural modulus (by 37.33%) while reducing the ductility by 14.31% as compared to pure ABS. The results have been supported by data and graphs of the analysed specimens.

Investigation of Recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene for Additive Manufacturing

2020 ◽  
pp. 130-154
Author(s):  
Shajahan Bin Maidin ◽  
Zulkeflee Abdullah ◽  
Ting Kung Hieng
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Test Specimen ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Deposition Modeling ◽  
Printing Processes ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

One of the disadvantages of fused deposition modeling (FDM) is waste produced during the printing processes. This investigation focuses on using 100% recycled Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) for the FDM process. The recycling begins with re-granule the waste ABS material and produces it into a new filament. The new recycled filament was used to print the test specimen. Investigation on the mechanical properties and the surface quality of the test specimen and comparison with standard ABS specimen was done. The result shows that the recycled ABS can be produced into filament with 335°C of extrusion temperature and 1.5 mm/s travel speed of the extruder conveyor. The surface roughness of recycled specimen is 6.94% higher than the standard ABS specimen. For ultimate tensile strength, there is a small difference in X and Y orientation between the standard and the recycled ABS specimen which are 22.93% and 19.98%, respectively. However, in Z orientation, it is 52.33% lower. This investigation proves that ABS can be recycled without significantly affecting its mechanical properties.

scholarly journals Tensile Mechanical Behaviour of Multi-Polymer Sandwich Structures via Fused Deposition Modelling

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 651 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Moises Baca Lopez ◽  
Rafiq Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Homogeneous Materials ◽  
Flexural Tests ◽  
High Level

The application of single homogeneous materials produced through the fused deposition modelling (FDM) technology restricts the production of high-level multi-material components. The fabrication of a sandwich-structured specimen with different material combinations using conventional thermoplastics such as poly (lactic acid) (PLA), acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and high impact polystyrene (HIPS) through the filament-based extrusion process can demonstrate an improvement on its properties. This paper aims to assess among these materials, the best material sandwich-structured arrangement design, to enhance the mechanical properties of a part and to compare the results with the homogeneous materials selected. The samples were subjected to tensile testing to identify the tensile strength, elongation at break and Young’s modulus of each material combination. The experimental results demonstrate that applying the PLA-ABS-PLA sandwich arrangement leads to the best mechanical properties between these materials. This study enables users to consider sandwich structure designs as an alternative to manufacturing multi-material components using conventional and low-cost materials. Future work will consider the flexural tests to identify the maximum stresses and bending forces under pressure.

Parametric Study on Surface Roughness of Metallized Parts Manufactured by Additive Manufacturing

2019 ◽  
Vol 821 ◽  
pp. 137-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavan Kumar Gurrala ◽  
Brijesh Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Etching Time ◽  
Fused Deposition Modelling ◽  
Technological Evolution ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Copper Electroplating ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

In the current technological evolution, additive manufacturing is taking a lead role in manufacturing of components for both prototyping as well as finished products. Metallization of the polymer parts has high potential to add value in-terms of metallic luster, improved strength, long shelf-life and better radiation resistance. Standard acid copper plating process has been adopted for deposition of copper on polymer parts manufactured by fused deposition modelling (FDM) technique. The parameters namely the etching time, voltage and the surface finish of the manufactured FDM parts are studied for their influence on the surface quality. Experiments have been designed using design of experiments strategy. Experiments have been conducted and surface roughness has been measured. Influence of each of the three parameters has been discussed in detail. For the reported process the optimal value of etching time of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) has been found in the range of 30 to 60 minutes along with applied voltage in the range of 1.5 to 2.5 Volts for copper electroplating.

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