The impact of flexion or extension movement transfer pattern on the performance of sit-to-stand task in asymptomatic young subjects

Physiotherapy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Sipko ◽  
Marek Stefanik ◽  
Edmund Glibowski ◽  
Adam Paluszak ◽  
Michał Kuczyński
Keyword(s):  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Asymptomatic Volunteers ◽  
Transfer Pattern ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Habitual Pattern ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTo assess the mode of sit-to-stand (STS) task performed in a habitual manner or with flexion or extension pattern transfer in asymptomatic young subjects. It was hypothesized that different initial movements of the lumbar-pelvic region would modify the performance of the STS task: coordination of STS in time and level of vertical ground reaction forces (VGRF).A convenience sample of 30 young asymptomatic volunteers, both genders, was recruited. The STS task was performed in a habitual manner or with a flexion or extension pattern. A Kistler platform was used to measure the VGRF and time of STS phases.ANOVAs analysis revealed the main effect in the total time and in maximum VGRF during the STS manoeuvre in three STS tasks (F(2, 58) = 21.67–30.74;The extension or flexion movement pattern modified STS performance and displayed different coordination in time and level of VGRF. Young asymptomatic participants performed the STS task longer with flexion or extension pattern than in the habitual pattern. The extension pattern of STS had the capacity to produce the lowest VGRF.

scholarly journals Weight-Bearing and Effort Distributions at the Lower Limbs during the Five-Repetition Sit-to-Stand Test in Hemiparetic and Healthy Individuals

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anabèle Brière ◽  
Sylvie Nadeau ◽  
Séléna Lauzière ◽  
Denis Gravel
Keyword(s):  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Maximal Strength ◽  
Stand Test ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Vertical Ground ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Effort Distribution

Background. The weight-bearing (WB) and effort distributions during the five-repetition sit-to-stand test (5R-STS) were assessed in healthy and hemiparetic subjects and were compared to the distributions obtained for a single STS task (1-STS). Methods. Eighteen hemiparetic subjects and 12 controls were included. The WB distribution and time were computed using the vertical ground reaction forces. The knee muscles' effort distribution was quantified with the electromyographic (EMG) data of the STS transfers expressed relatively to the EMG values of maximal strength assessments. Results. In both groups, the time, WB, and effort distributions did not differ between repetitions of the 5R-STS test. The WB and effort distributions of the first repetition were more asymmetrical than those for the 1-STS for the hemiparetic subjects only. Conclusions. Since no changes were found between repetitions, the 5R-STS test might not be demanding enough. The hemiparetic subjects adopt different WB and effort distribution strategies according to the number of STSs to complete.

The interaction between load and coupling during dynamic manual materials handling tasks

1998 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
Gary A. Mirka ◽  
Ann Baker ◽  
Angela Harrison ◽  
Dan Kelaher
Keyword(s):  
Coupling Condition ◽  
Materials Handling ◽  
Manual Materials Handling ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Vertical Ground ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Dynamic Moment

The purpose of this research was to determine the impact of coupling and load magnitude on trunk dynamics during lifting activities. Subjects lifted a box that simulated three levels of coupling: good, fair and poor and seven levels of mass: ranging from 4.5-31.5 kg. The dependent variables were the peak dynamic moment generated about the lumbosacral joint and the peak vertical ground reaction forces produced during the lift. The results show that at low levels of box mass there are no significant differences in trunk dynamics and resulting peak dynamic moment across the different coupling conditions. However, when loads greater than 13.5 kg were lifted, a change in the normal dynamics of the lifting motion was noted, but only in the poor coupling condition, indicating an interaction between load and coupling. The results of this study indicate that the role of coupling under dynamic lifting conditions has both a perceptual and biomechanical basis that need to be considered when designing manual materials handling tasks.

scholarly journals A Robust Methodology for the Reconstruction of the Vertical Pedestrian-Induced Load from the Registered Body Motion

Vibration ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrien Van Nimmen ◽  
Guoping Zhao ◽  
André Seyfarth ◽  
Peter Van den Broeck
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Single Step ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Motion ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Vertical Ground ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
The Impact

This paper proposes a methodology to reconstruct the vertical GRFs from the registered body motion that is reasonably robust against measurement noise. The vertical GRFs are reconstructed from the experimentally identified time-variant pacing rate and a generalised single-step load model available in the literature. The proposed methodology only requires accurately capturing the body motion within the frequency range 1–10 Hz and does not rely on the exact magnitude of the registered signal. The methodology can therefore also be applied when low-cost sensors are used and to minimize the impact of soft-tissue artefacts. In addition, the proposed procedure can be applied regardless of the position of the sensor on the human body, as long as the recorded body motion allows for identifying the time of a nominally identical event in successive walking cycles. The methodology is illustrated by a numerical example and applied to an experimental dataset where the ground reaction forces and the body motion were registered simultaneously. The results show that the proposed methodology allows for arriving at a good estimate of the vertical ground reaction forces. When the impact of soft-tissue artefacts is low, a comparable estimate can be obtained using Newton’s second law of motion.

scholarly journals Comparison of Countermovement and Preferred-Style Jump Biomechanics in Male Basketball Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6092
Author(s):  
Kristof Kipp ◽  
John Krzyszkowski ◽  
Todd Smith ◽  
Christopher Geiser ◽  
Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Center Of Mass ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Joint Kinetics ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Vertical Ground ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Forces

The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the biomechanics of countermovement (CMJ) and preferred-style (PrefJ) jumps. Eight male basketball players (age: 19 ± 1 year; height: 1.84 ± 0.14 m; mass: 92.8 ± 11.4 kg) participated in a cross-sectional study for which they performed max effort CMJ and PrefJ while motion capture and force plate data were recorded. The CMJ were performed according to common procedures. For the PrefJ, the eight players chose to use a short approach run and a step-in jump, with a clear lead and trail leg foot contact pattern. Vertical ground reaction forces (GRF), center-of-mass (COM) parameters, as well as hip, knee, and ankle flexion angles, extension velocities, net joint moments, powers, and work were all calculated and used for analysis. Bi-lateral data from the CMJ were averaged, whereas lead and trail leg data from the PrefJ were kept separated. The PrefJ was characterized by greater jump height and GRF and shorter contact times. Joint-level differences indicated that the PrefJ was characterized by larger joint kinetics. Importantly, very few biomechanical variables of the CMJ and PrefJ were correlated, which suggests that each jump type is characterized by unique movement strategies. Since PrefJ may better represent athlete- and sport-specific movement pattern, these findings could have implications for assessing and monitoring neuromuscular performance of basketball players.

scholarly journals Influence of velocity on horse and rider movement and resulting saddle forces at walk and trot

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Bogisch ◽  
K. Geser-Von Peinen ◽  
T. Wiestner ◽  
L. Roepstorff ◽  
M.A. Weishaupt
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Movement Pattern ◽  
Ground Reaction Forces ◽  
Speed Range ◽  
Reaction Forces ◽  
Accurate Comparison ◽  
Vertical Ground ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Forces

To investigate the effect of increasing velocity within one gait on horse and rider movement and to describe the resulting changes in saddle forces, seven ridden dressage horses were examined on an instrumented treadmill. The speed ranged between 1.3-1.8 m/s at walk and 2.6-3.6 m/s at trot. Kinematics of the horse and rider, vertical ground reaction forces and saddle forces were measured simultaneously. Velocity dependency of each variable was assessed for the whole group with linear regression. With increasing velocity, the saddle forces at walk were mainly influenced by the accentuated rocking type of movement and at trot by the higher vertical dynamic and a more rigid horseback which resulted in increased counteracting force between horse and rider. Even small increases of velocity changed the dynamics of the movement pattern of the horse and consequently the forces emerging beneath the saddle: a 10% increase within the indicated speed range resulted in +5% (walk) and +14% (trot) higher total saddle force peaks. Accurate comparison of saddle forces requires speed-matched trials; velocity is therefore a factor which also has to be considered under clinical conditions.

scholarly journals Exploring the use of cannabis as a substitute for prescription drugs in a convenience sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sinikka L. Kvamme ◽  
Michael M. Pedersen ◽  
Kristine Rømer Thomsen ◽  
Birgitte Thylstrup
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Prescription Drug ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Patient Organizations ◽  
Public Media ◽  
Prescription Drug Use ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background The use of cannabis as medicine (CaM) both prescribed and non-prescribed has increased markedly in the last decade, mirrored in a global shift in cannabis policy towards a more permissive stance. There is some evidence that cannabis functions as a substitute for prescription drugs, particularly opioids; however, more knowledge is needed on the motives of substitution users, their patterns of use, and perceived effects of substitution use. Aims To explore who substitutes prescription drugs with cannabis, the type of prescription drugs substituted and the type of cannabis used, and the impact that substitution with cannabis has on prescription drug use as well as the motives for substitution in terms of experienced effects and side effects. Methods A self-selected convenience sample was recruited through social media, public media, and patient organizations to take part in an anonymous online survey. Inclusion criteria were 18 years or older and use of cannabis (prescribed or non-prescribed) with a medical purpose. Results The final sample included 2.841 respondents of which the majority (91%) used non-prescribed cannabis, and more than half (54.6%) had used CaM with the purpose of replacing a prescribed drug. Compared to non-substitution users, substitution users were more likely to be women and to use CaM in the treatment of chronic pain and other somatic conditions. Pain medication (67.2%), antidepressants (24.5%), and arthritis medication (20.7%) were the most common types of drugs replaced with CaM. Among substitution users, 38.1% reported termination of prescription drug use, and 45.9% a substantial decrease in prescription drug use. The most frequent type of cannabis used as a substitute was CBD-oil (65.2%), followed by ‘hash, pot or skunk’ (36.6%). More than half (65.8%) found CaM much more effective compared to prescription drugs, and 85.5% that the side effects associated with prescription drug use were much worse compared to use of CaM. Conclusion CaM is frequently used as a substitute for prescription drugs, particularly opioids. More research is needed on the long-term consequences of use of CaM, including the impact from low and high THC cannabis products on specific somatic and mental health conditions.

10-Year Study of Christian Church Support for Domestic Violence Victims: 2005-2015

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 2959-2985
Author(s):  
Barbara L. Zust ◽  
Breanna Flicek Opdahl ◽  
Katie Siebert Moses ◽  
Courtney Noecker Schubert ◽  
Jessica Timmerman
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Religious Beliefs ◽  
Community Resources ◽  
Upper Midwest ◽  
Professional Counseling ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Supportive Environment ◽  
Domestic Violence Victims ◽  
Church Support ◽  
The Impact

Religious beliefs play a significant role in the lives of victims of domestic violence. Victims find strength in their faith and would rather endure the violence at all costs to keep a family or a marriage together, than to compromise their faith by leaving. This 10 –year study explored the climate of support for victims of domestic violence among Christian clergy and church members between 2005 and 2015. Using a convenience sample, surveys were sent out to congregations in the Upper Midwest in 2005 and 2015. The survey included demographics; two items measuring perception of domestic violence in the congregation and community; six Likert Scale items regarding agreement with statements concerning leaving an abusive marriage; four “Yes–No” items regarding the impact of faith in leaving, support of the congregation, community resources, and clergy as counselors. The clergy’s survey had the same questions plus open-ended questions about their skills in counseling victims, their congregation’s support for victims, community resources, and beliefs that could impact a victim’s choice in leaving. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, simple frequencies, and bivariate correlations. Narrative data were analyzed using content analysis. The results of this study indicated that change is slow. Members want their clergy to become more educated in counseling and in speaking about domestic violence from the pulpit. Clergy felt comfortable in making referrals for professional counseling, while the majority of members would prefer counseling with their pastor if they were in a violent relationship. Both clergy and members want to create a safe and supportive environment for victims/survivors of violent relationships. Findings from this study exemplify the need for pastors to remove the silence about domestic violence in their congregations and address the misunderstood social religious beliefs that may bind a victim to the violence.

scholarly journals Relationship between dental and periodontal health status and the salivary microbiome: bacterial diversity, co-occurrence networks and predictive models

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Relvas ◽  
A. Regueira-Iglesias ◽  
C. Balsa-Castro ◽  
F. Salazar ◽  
J. J. Pacheco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Bacterial Diversity ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
Oral Disease ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Core Microbiome ◽  
Rdna Sequencing ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe present study used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to assess the impact on salivary microbiome of different grades of dental and periodontal disease and the combination of both (hereinafter referred to as oral disease), in terms of bacterial diversity, co-occurrence network patterns and predictive models. Our scale of overall oral health was used to produce a convenience sample of 81 patients from 270 who were initially recruited. Saliva samples were collected from each participant. Sequencing was performed in Illumina MiSeq with 2 × 300 bp reads, while the raw reads were processed according to the Mothur pipeline. The statistical analysis of the 16S rDNA sequencing data at the species level was conducted using the phyloseq, DESeq2, Microbiome, SpiecEasi, igraph, MixOmics packages. The simultaneous presence of dental and periodontal pathology has a potentiating effect on the richness and diversity of the salivary microbiota. The structure of the bacterial community in oral health differs from that present in dental, periodontal or oral disease, especially in high grades. Supragingival dental parameters influence the microbiota’s abundance more than subgingival periodontal parameters, with the former making a greater contribution to the impact that oral health has on the salivary microbiome. The possible keystone OTUs are different in the oral health and disease, and even these vary between dental and periodontal disease: half of them belongs to the core microbiome and are independent of the abundance parameters. The salivary microbiome, involving a considerable number of OTUs, shows an excellent discriminatory potential for distinguishing different grades of dental, periodontal or oral disease; considering the number of predictive OTUs, the best model is that which predicts the combined dental and periodontal status.

scholarly journals Classification of standing and sitting phases based on in-socket piezoelectric sensors in a transfemoral amputee

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawfik Yahya ◽  
Nur Azah Hamzaid ◽  
Sadeeq Ali ◽  
Farahiyah Jasni ◽  
Hanie Nadia Shasmin
Keyword(s):  
Time Domain ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Sensory System ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Transfemoral Amputee ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Optimal Classifier ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA transfemoral prosthesis is required to assist amputees to perform the activity of daily living (ADL). The passive prosthesis has some drawbacks such as utilization of high metabolic energy. In contrast, the active prosthesis consumes less metabolic energy and offers better performance. However, the recent active prosthesis uses surface electromyography as its sensory system which has weak signals with microvolt-level intensity and requires a lot of computation to extract features. This paper focuses on recognizing different phases of sitting and standing of a transfemoral amputee using in-socket piezoelectric-based sensors. 15 piezoelectric film sensors were embedded in the inner socket wall adjacent to the most active regions of the agonist and antagonist knee extensor and flexor muscles, i. e. region with the highest level of muscle contractions of the quadriceps and hamstring. A male transfemoral amputee wore the instrumented socket and was instructed to perform several sitting and standing phases using an armless chair. Data was collected from the 15 embedded sensors and went through signal conditioning circuits. The overlapping analysis window technique was used to segment the data using different window lengths. Fifteen time-domain and frequency-domain features were extracted and new feature sets were obtained based on the feature performance. Eight of the common pattern recognition multiclass classifiers were evaluated and compared. Regression analysis was used to investigate the impact of the number of features and the window lengths on the classifiers’ accuracies, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) was used to test significant differences in the classifiers’ performances. The classification accuracy was calculated using k-fold cross-validation method, and 20% of the data set was held out for testing the optimal classifier. The results showed that the feature set (FS-5) consisting of the root mean square (RMS) and the number of peaks (NP) achieved the highest classification accuracy in five classifiers. Support vector machine (SVM) with cubic kernel proved to be the optimal classifier, and it achieved a classification accuracy of 98.33 % using the test data set. Obtaining high classification accuracy using only two time-domain features would significantly reduce the processing time of controlling a prosthesis and eliminate substantial delay. The proposed in-socket sensors used to detect sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit movements could be further integrated with an active knee joint actuation system to produce powered assistance during energy-demanding activities such as sit-to-stand and stair climbing. In future, the system could also be used to accurately predict the intended movement based on their residual limb’s muscle and mechanical behaviour as detected by the in-socket sensory system.

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