scholarly journals Utilization of poplar wood sawdust for heavy metals removal from model solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Demcak ◽  
Magdalena Balintova ◽  
Maria Hurakova ◽  
Marina V. Frontasyeva ◽  
Inga Zinicovscaia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Condition ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Dynamic Adsorption ◽  
Poplar Wood ◽  
Wood Sawdust ◽  
Model Solutions ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Cellulosic Waste ◽  
By Products

AbstractSome kinds of natural organic materials have a potential for removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater. It is well known that cellulosic waste materials or by-products can be used as cheap adsorbents in chemical treatment process. In this paper, poplar wood sawdust were used for removal of Cu(II), Zn(II) and Fe(II) ions from model solutions with using the static and dynamic adsorption experiments. Infrared spectrometry of poplar wood sawdust confirmed the presence of the functional groups which correspond with hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin. At static adsorption was achieved approximately of 80 % efficiency for all treated model solutions. Similar efficiency of the adsorption processes was reached after 5 min at dynamic condition. The highest efficiency of Cu(II) removal (98 %) was observed after 30 min of dynamic adsorption. Changes of pH values confirmed a mechanism of ion exchange on the beginning of the adsorption process.

Removal of Toxic Metal Ions from Solutions Using Industrial Solid Byproducts

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (10) ◽  
pp. 83-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Zouboulis ◽  
K. A. Kydros ◽  
K. A. Matis
Keyword(s):  
Toxic Metals ◽  
Toxic Metal ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Mineral Particles ◽  
Solid Adsorbent ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Environmental Considerations ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Solid Liquid Separation ◽  
By Products

Nowadays the problem of industrial wastes handling and disposal is increasing continuously, as more strict environmental considerations have to be taken into account. In this paper, selected experimental results are presented from our current research in toxic metals removal (e.g. Cu, Pb, As), related to the applications of mineral particles as by-products (red mud, pyrite, dolomite, etc.) for the induced removal of toxic metals from aqueous solutions. These by-products, existing in finely divided form and considered rather as solid industrial wastes, have been used as a cheap solid adsorbent or substrate. Appropriate methods for the subsequent solid/liquid separation were examined, among them flotation. Different parameters were tested and high removals of toxic metals were achieved. In this way, a useful application may be realized for the waste mineral particles.

Identification of Bromohydrins in Ozonated Waters

1994 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 1181-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy W. Collette ◽  
Susan D. Richardson ◽  
Alfred D. Thruston
Keyword(s):  
Ir Spectra ◽  
Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonding ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Molecular Mechanics Calculations ◽  
Adverse Health Effects ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Electron Impact Mass ◽  
Intramolecular Hydrogen ◽  
Hydrogen Bound ◽  
By Products

Because ozonation is becoming a popular alternative to chlorination for disinfection of drinking water and little is known about the potential adverse health effects of ozonation disinfection by-products (DBPs), we have sought to identify ozone DBPs, particularly brominated organics, which are of principal concern due to their anticipated toxicity. Using gas chromatography coupled (independently) to low-resolution electron-impact mass spectrometry (LR-EI-MS), high-resolution EI-MS, chemical ionization MS (with 2% ammonia in methane), and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, we have identified a series of bromohydrins and related compounds detected in extracts of an ozonated natural water sample that was artificially enhanced with bromide. The bromohydrins, which constituted the majority of by-products in the samples we studied, were detected but could not be identified by GC/LR-EI-MS, the technique used almost exclusively for environmental monitoring. A key to identifying the bromohydrins was the manifestation of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in the gas-phase IR spectra. Many of the by-products had two chiral centers, and both diastereomers were present and were separated by GC. In most cases, the IR spectra also permitted us to distinguish between diastereomers. We interpreted the IR and EI-MS spectra of several representative compounds in detail, and gave peak assignments for all that were identified. Molecular mechanics calculations and an experimental determination of the enthalpy change for conversion of free and hydrogen-bound conformers for a representative bromohydrin were used to verify the IR interpretations.

Performance of Moringa oliefera as a biosorbent for chromium removal

2010 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 1106-1111 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Ghebremichael ◽  
N. Gebremedhin ◽  
G. Amy
Keyword(s):  
Waste Product ◽  
Chromium Concentration ◽  
Seed Processing ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Wastewater Systems ◽  
Seed Husk ◽  
Whole Seed ◽  
By Products ◽  
Moringa Oleifera Seed ◽  
Maximum Removal

This study investigated adsorption of chromium on to a bio-adsorbent, Moringa oleifera seed. Different by-products of the seed processing were used as adsorbents. These include: the Whole Seed Powder (WSP), the Residue after Coagulant Extraction (RaCE) and an Activated Carbon (AC) prepared from the seed husk. Adsorption studies for the removal of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) were carried out in batch experiments and the effects of adsorbent dosage, contact time, pH and initial chromium concentration were analysed. Experimental results showed that maximum removal of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) was observed at pH 7 and pH 2, respectively. The percentage removals of Cr(III) by WSP, RaCE and AC were: 97, 94 and 99.9%, respectively. And the percentage removals of Cr(VI) by RaCE and AC were 47 and 83.2%, respectively. RaCE showed similar adsorption capacity to the WSP, which indicates that it is possible to extract a coagulant and use the waste product for adsorption. By using the RaCE, residual dissolved organic carbon in the treated water was significantly reduced compared to using the WSP. These results indicate that biomaterials can be considered as potential adsorbents for heavy metals removal from water or wastewater systems.

Removal of trace As(V) from aqueous solution by Fe(III)-loaded porous amidoximated polyacrylonitrile

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 1603-1613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunnuan Ji ◽  
Rongjun Qu ◽  
Qinghua Tang ◽  
Xiguang Liu ◽  
Hou Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Ligand Exchange ◽  
Chelating Resin ◽  
Infrared Spectrometry ◽  
Dynamic Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Adsorption Selectivity ◽  
Optimal Ph ◽  
Scanning Electron

A Fe(III)-loaded chelating resin named Fe(III) AO PAN was prepared by immobilizing Fe(III) onto porous amidoximated polyacrylonitrile (AO PAN) obtained by modification of hydroxylamine with polyacrylonitrile (PAN), which was synthesized by suspended emulsion polymerization. The structures of PAN, AO PAN, and Fe(III)-AO PAN were characterized by infrared spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy. The performance of Fe(III)-AO PAN as the ligand exchange adsorbent to remove As(V) from aqueous solution was investigated using static equilibrium and dynamic adsorption experiments. The adsorption experiments showed that Fe(III)-AO PAN had higher adsorption selectivity for As(V) than other ubiquitous anions in nature water body such as Cl−, SO42−, HCO3−, PO43−, and SiO32−. The optimal pH for adsorption of As(V) on Fe(III) AO PAN was 2.0, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 0.55 mg/g. The As(V) adsorbed on Fe(III) AO PAN could be easily eluted with 10 BV of 5% NaCl solution (at pH = 9.0).

Optimizing mortar extrusion using poplar wood sawdust for masonry building block

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (9-12) ◽  
pp. 3769-3780 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. G. Ndong Engone ◽  
Y. Vanhove ◽  
C. Djelal ◽  
H. Kada
Keyword(s):  
Building Block ◽  
Masonry Building ◽  
Poplar Wood ◽  
Wood Sawdust

scholarly journals Differential absorbance as evaluation method of TOX concentrations generated during surface water chlorination

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 00030
Author(s):  
Andrzej Jodłowski
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Halogen Compounds ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Water Chlorination ◽  
By Products

Chlorination of waters containing natural organic matter (NOM) produces disinfection by-products (DBPs) including harmful THMs and HAAs. A collective parameter and toxicity index of all chlorination products contained in finished water is the total concentration of organic-bound halogen compounds (TOX). Determination of this indicator is carried out by adsorption-pyrolysis method, which is complicated and requires specialized apparatus. The competitive method of TOX concentration determination in water is differential absorbance. Effect of natural organic matter removal from surface waters in coagulation as well in coagulation and adsorption processes on the decrease of TOX concentration measured by differential absorbance was determined.

scholarly journals Use of Garlic Processing By-Products to Remove Pollutants from Aqueous Media

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 4518-4528
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Chemical Reagents ◽  
Adsorption Processes ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Sorption Parameters ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
By Products ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

The paper summarized the literature data on using ground peels, outer leaves, and garlic roots (Allium sativum L.) as sorption materials to remove various metal ions, dyes, and antibiotics from aqueous media. This paper provides brief information on the amount of waste generated from processing garlic, its chemical composition, and ways of reuse. It gives the adsorption processes parameters and the values of sorption parameters for the studied pollutants. It was shown that garlic residue sorption characteristics for various pollutants could be increased by chemical modification with various chemical reagents. It was determined that the Langmuir model more accurately describes the pollutant’s adsorption isotherms in most cases, and the kinetics of the process more accurately describes the pseudo-second-order model. It was shown that garlic peels and steam are good precursors for activated carbons production.

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