Laws, Dispositions, Memory: Three Hypotheses on the Order of the World

Metaphysica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-121
Author(s):  
Joël Dolbeault
Keyword(s):  
Laws Of Nature ◽  
Physical World ◽  
The Third ◽  
Metaphysical Problem ◽  
The World ◽  
Fundamental Physical

Abstract The more science progresses, the more it is evident that the physical world presents regularities. This raises a metaphysical problem: why is the world so ordered? In the first part of the article, I attempt to clarify this problem and justify its relevance. In the following three parts, I analyze three hypotheses already formulated in philosophy in response to this problem: the hypothesis that the order of the world is explained 1) by laws of nature, 2) by dispositions of the fundamental physical entities, 3) or by a memory immanent to matter (a hypothesis developed by Peirce, Bergson and James). The third hypothesis may seem surprising. However, it can be shown that the three hypotheses have a psychomorphic dimension in the sense that they give to nature properties analogous to those of mind. In addition, this third hypothesis presents several interesting arguments.

scholarly journals The Embodiment of Light

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wim Vegt
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Electromagnetic Force ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Gaseous State ◽  
The Third ◽  
Spiritual World ◽  
Physical Experiments ◽  
State Of Water ◽  
The World ◽  
Ice Water

As children one of the first epiphanies we learn, when we go to school, are the three States of Aggregations of water. The amazing effect that ice, water and steam are all the same. Just water in three different states. This concept version claims that like water, there are three different States of Aggregations of Light. Compared to water: Like ice is the solid state of water, Light is the solid State of Light. Matter is the First State of Light, bounded by the Electromagnetic Force and Gravity (which is the secondary effect of confined Light). Like water is the liquid state, the free light we already know from the day we were born is the second State of Aggregation of Light. Free Light is the Second State of Light of light and can travel freely through space. cannot travel through matter because light has been bounded and confined by the electromagnetic force. Like steam is the gaseous state of water, the Third State of Light is the unknown State of Light. The state in which light can travel feely through matter and is invisible for our physical world. The light which does not interact with our measurements and physical experiments because this state of light is free of the confining electromagnetic force. The light which travels with the infinite speed because this is the light without inertia. This invisible world of the Third State of Light has been called the Spiritual World. The world of the Soul. The world of feelings. The world of thoughts. The world from which we really see and hear and feel and experience. The world where we were before we were born and the same world where we will be after we pass away. This is the world excluded till now by science.

Fictio Audaciae: Beyond the Self-Preservation of the Enlightenment [Enment]

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 107-128
Keyword(s):  
Science Fiction ◽  
Laws Of Nature ◽  
The Self ◽  
Main Issue ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The World ◽  
Fredric Jameson

The article is devoted to tracing out the operations of the Enlightenment’s self-preservation mechanism in the realm of imagination and to a search for ways to problematize that mechanism. The Enlightenment blocks imagination by subordinating it to self-preservation, which cloaks the utopian impulse. This cloaking is found in both science fiction and extro-science fiction (Quentin Meillassoux’s term). Extroscience fiction reveals the limits of self-preservation and self-restraint placed on the Enlightenment: an agreement to a rational despotism of knowledge liberated from nature (and from its laws). What remains outside the area accessible to the enlightened imagination may be referred to as “non-Kantian worlds of the third type.” Access to these worlds is closed, as the main issue for the enlightened imagination remains the infernological question of return and narration. This limitation predetermines the instrumentalization of the non-Kantian worlds of the third type, which become the means of supporting life and knowledge. Fictio Audaciae is a regime of imagination that has not been produced by the Enlightenment, but from which the Enlightenment derives its energy, while struggling always to keep it under control. However, the mechanism of self-preservation is vanquished by a utopian anarchism in which the imagination gains access to the nonKantian worlds of the third type by means of the “terror of obliteration.” According to Fredric Jameson, the terror of obliteration circumvents self-preservation. Nature understood as rebellion and reason that has abandoned the pursuit of self-preservation converge in the Gordin Brothers’ world of “noncorrelation” in which the key role belongs to anarchic technology rather than to the “magic of the Enlightenment.” The Gordin Brothers’ utopian Anarchy Land is neither science fiction nor extro-scientific fiction, but a techno-fiction in which the laws of nature are not even contingent but have been declared never to have existed This non-existence is explained by the principle of noncorrelation (nature as a set of laws does not exist, laws and the world are not correlated). Based on the principle of noncorrelation and guided by the utopian impulse (Fictio Audaciae), the Gordin Brothers not only postulate the existence of non-Kantian worlds of the third type, but also offer a utopian description of them.

scholarly journals From semiosis to semioethics: The full vista of the action of signs

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-491
Author(s):  
John Deely
Keyword(s):  
Physical World ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
The Future ◽  
Distinct Individual ◽  
Fundamental Error ◽  
Contemporary Development ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Sign Vehicle

How anything acts depends upon what it is, both as a kind of thing and as a distinct individual of that kind: “agere sequitur esse” — action follows being. This is as true of signs as it is of lions or centipedes: therefore, in order to determine the range or extent of semiosis we need above all to determine the kind of being at stake under the name “sign”. Since Poinsot, in a thesis that the work of Peirce centuries later confirmed, the proper being of signs as signs lies in a relation, a relationship irreducibly unifying three distinct terms: a foreground term representing another than itself — the representamen or sign vehicle; the other represented — the significate or object signified; and the third term to or for whom the other-representation is made — the interpretant, which need not be a person and, indeed, need not even be mental. The action of signs then is the way signs influence the world, including the world of experience and knowledge, but extending even to the physical world of nature beyond the living. It is a question of what is the causality proper to signs in consequence of the being proper to them as signs, an indirect causality, just as relations are indirectly dependent upon the interactions of individuals making up the plurality of the universe; and a causality that models what could or might be in contrast to what is here and now. To associate this causality with final causality is correct insofar as signs are employed in shaping the interactions of individual things; but to equate this causality with “teleology” is a fundamental error into which the contemporary development of semiotics has been inclined to fall, largely through some published passages of Peirce from an essay within which he corrects this error but in passages so far left unpublished. By bringing these passages to light, in which Peirce points exactly in the direction earlier indicated by Poinsot, this essay attempts a kind of survey of the contemporary semiotic development in which the full vista of semiosis is laid out, and shown to be co-extensive with the boundaries of the universe itself, wherever they might fall. Precisely the indirect extrinsically specificative formal causality that signs exercise is what enables the “influence of the future” according to which semiosis changes the relevance of past to present in the interactions of Secondness. Understanding of this point (the causality proper to signs) also manifests the error of reducing the universe to signs, the error sometimes called “pansemiosis”.

Optimum Structure of the Banking Market: How Many Banks Are Necessary for Russia?

2006 ◽  
pp. 75-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Moiseev
Keyword(s):  
Banking Sector ◽  
Optimum Structure ◽  
Population Number ◽  
The Third ◽  
Banking Market ◽  
The World ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Empirical Analysis ◽  
Equilibrium Number

The number of classical banks in the world has reduced. In the majority of countries the number of banks does not exceed 200. The uniqueness of the Russian banking sector is that in this respect it takes the third place in the world after the USA and Germany. The paper reviews the conclusions of the economic theory about the optimum structure of the banking market. The empirical analysis shows that the number of banks in a country is influenced by the size of its territory, population number and GDP per capita. Our econometric estimate is that the equilibrium number of banks in Russia should be in a range of 180-220 units.

Overcoming “The Third Way” Concept

2006 ◽  
pp. 126-134
Author(s):  
L. Evstigneeva ◽  
R. Evstigneev
Keyword(s):  
Economic Research ◽  
Economic Uncertainty ◽  
Third Way ◽  
The Third ◽  
Linear Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Non Linear

“The Third Way” concept is still widespread all over the world. Growing socio-economic uncertainty makes the authors revise the concept. In the course of discussion with other authors they introduce a synergetic vision of the problem. That means in the first place changing a linear approach to the economic research for a non-linear one.

Epidemias y Religión

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-81
Author(s):  
Bruno Van der Maat
Keyword(s):  
Pastoral Care ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Adverse Reactions ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
Government Regulations ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Bible ◽  
The World ◽  
Ethical Reflections

The current pandemic has seen some adverse reactions from the most diverse religious groups all over the world to government regulations. After having described some of their manifestations, this contribution analyzes what the Bible and some post biblical (patristic and Talmudic) traditions say about illness and pandemics. As it is ascertained that these sources contain very limited material on these subjects, the third part of this article proposes some ethical reflections regarding the official response to the pandemic as well as some pastoral implications. Key Words: Pandemic, Religion, Bible, Talmud, Pastoral Care.

Interpretation of Nonsense as a Method of Children Imagination Development (as exemplified in Carroll L. «Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There»)

2020 ◽  
pp. 200-212
Author(s):  
Larisa V. Kalashnikova
Keyword(s):  
Creative Thinking ◽  
Language Model ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
The Third ◽  
New Meanings ◽  
The World ◽  
Looking Glass ◽  
Rules Of The Game ◽  
Powerful Incentive ◽  
Algorithmic Thinking

The article enlightens the probem of nonsense and its role in the development of creative thinking and fantasy, and the way how the interpretation of nonsense affects children imagination. The function of imagination inherent to a person, and especially to a child, has a powerful potential – to create artificially new metaphorical models, absurd and most incredible situations based on self-amazement. Children are able to measure the properties of unfamiliar objects with the properties of known things. It is not difficult for small researchers to replace incomprehensible meanings with familiar ones; to think over situations, to make analogies, to transfer signs and properties of one object to another. The problem of nonsense research is interesting and relevant. The element of the game is an integral component of nonsense. In the process of playing, children cognize the world, learn to interact with the world, imitating the adults behavior. Imagination and fantasy help the child to invent his own rules of the game, to choose language elements that best suit his ideas. The child uses the learned productive models of the language system to create their own models and their own language, attracting language signs: words, morphs, sentences. Children’s dictionary stimulates word formation and language nomination processes. Nonsense-words are the result of children’s dictionary, speech errors and occazional formations, presented in the form of contamination, phonetic transformations, lexical substitution, implemented on certain models. The first two models are phonetic imitation and hybrid speech, based on the natural language model. The third model of designing nonsense is represented by words that have no meaning at all and can be attributed to words-portmonaie. Due to the flexibility of interframe relationships and the lack of algorithmic thinking, children can not only capture the implicit similarity of objects and phenomena, but also create it through their imagination. Interpretation of nonsense is an effective method of developing imagination in children, because metaphors, nonsense as a means of creating new meanings, modeling new content from fragments of one’s own experience, are a powerful incentive for creative thinking.

A war hero or a Hitler soldier?

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Pavel Gotovetsky
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
Interwar Period ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Third Reich ◽  
National Committee ◽  
World War ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
The Third Reich

The article is devoted to the biography of General Pavlo Shandruk, an Ukrainian officer who served as a Polish contract officer in the interwar period and at the beginning of the World War II, and in 1945 became the organizer and commander of the Ukrainian National Army fighting alongside the Third Reich in the last months of the war. The author focuses on the symbolic event of 1961, which was the decoration of General Shandruk with the highest Polish (émigré) military decoration – the Virtuti Militari order, for his heroic military service in 1939. By describing the controversy and emotions among Poles and Ukrainians, which accompanied the award of the former Hitler's soldier, the author tries to answer the question of how the General Shandruk’s activities should be assessed in the perspective of the uneasy Twentieth-Century Polish-Ukrainian relations. Keywords: Pavlo Shandruk, Władysław Anders, Virtuti Militari, Ukrainian National Army, Ukrainian National Committee, contract officer.

Causality Then and Now

1993 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-177
Author(s):  
Karen Harding
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Common Sense ◽  
Mechanical Model ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Universe ◽  
The Way

Ate appearances deceiving? Do objects behave the way they do becauseGod wills it? Ate objects impetmanent and do they only exist becausethey ate continuously created by God? According to a1 Ghazlli, theanswers to all of these questions ate yes. Objects that appear to bepermanent are not. Those relationships commonly tefemed to as causalare a result of God’s habits rather than because one event inevitably leadsto another. God creates everything in the universe continuously; if Heceased to create it, it would no longer exist.These ideas seem oddly naive and unscientific to people living in thetwentieth century. They seem at odds with the common conception of thephysical world. Common sense says that the universe is made of tealobjects that persist in time. Furthermore, the behavior of these objects isreasonable, logical, and predictable. The belief that the univetse is understandablevia logic and reason harkens back to Newton’s mechanical viewof the universe and has provided one of the basic underpinnings ofscience for centuries. Although most people believe that the world is accutatelydescribed by this sort of mechanical model, the appropriatenessof such a model has been called into question by recent scientificadvances, and in particular, by quantum theory. This theory implies thatthe physical world is actually very different from what a mechanicalmodel would predit.Quantum theory seeks to explain the nature of physical entities andthe way that they interact. It atose in the early part of the twentieth centuryin response to new scientific data that could not be incorporated successfullyinto the ptevailing mechanical view of the universe. Due largely ...

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