scholarly journals Selected types of corrosion degradation of pipelines

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Hagarová M. ◽  
J. Cervová ◽  
F. Jaš
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Protection ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Electrochemical Cell ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Product Line ◽  
Electrical Currents ◽  
Steel Pipes ◽  
Internal Surfaces ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Chloride Environment

Abstract The paper deals with corrosion degradation of gas pipeline. Pipelines play very important role as means transporting gas media over long distances from producers to end-users. Gas pipelines present a risk of potential corrosion degradation that can result in their failure. Corrosion on internal surfaces of steel pipes takes place in CO2, H2S, H2O and chloride environment. Degradation of steel results in loss of mechanical properties, reduction in thickness and ultimate perforation and failure. Corrosion is the electrochemical process that involves the fl ow of electrical currents on a micro or macro scale. For corroding steel, the anodic and the cathodic reactions produces the electrochemical cell. Corrosion protection of internal pipeline surface is based mainly on chemical composition of gas and the use of inhibitors. Corrosion protection of the external steel surface of the product line involves coatings and cathodic protection.

EIS study of the corrosion behavior of an organic coating applied on Algerian oil tanker

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (6) ◽  
pp. 610
Author(s):  
Nadia Hammouda ◽  
Kamel Belmokre
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Protection ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Paint Film ◽  
Organic Coating ◽  
Diffusion Resistance ◽  
Double Layer Capacitance ◽  
Carbon Steel Surface ◽  
Chloride Environment ◽  
Oil Tanker ◽  
Epoxy Paint

Organic coatings are widely employed in the corrosion protection of most metal surfaces, particularly steel. They provide a barrier against corrosive species present in the environment, due to their high resistance to oxygen, water and ions transport. This study focuses on the evaluation of corrosion protection performance of epoxy paint on the carbon steel surface in chloride environment (3% NaCl) by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). The electrochemical behavior of painted surface was estimated by EIS parameters that contained paint film resistance, paint film capacitance and double layer capacitance. On the basis of calculation using EIS spectrums it was observed that pore resistance (Rpore) decreased with the appearance of doubled layer capacitance (Cdl) due to the electrolyte penetration through the film. This was further confirmed by the decrease of diffusion resistance (Rd) which was also the indicator of the deterioration of paint film protectiveness. Microscopic analyses have shown that oxidation dominates the corroded surfaces.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of New Polymers Bearing Tetrazole and Triazole Moieties with Studying their Corrosion Protection of Stainless Steel Surface in Hydrochloric Acid

2020 ◽  
pp. 2467-2478
Author(s):  
Amaal S. Sadiq ◽  
Entesar O. Al-Tamimi
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Protection ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
316L Stainless Steel ◽  
Electrochemical Polymerization ◽  
Triazole Ring ◽  
Phenyl Isothiocyanate ◽  
Stainless Steel Surface ◽  
Nano Materials ◽  
Atomic Force

A series of polymers containing1,2,4-triazole  and tetrazole groups in their main chains were synthesized through several steps. Poly(acryloyl hydrazide) was first prepared and then subjected to a hydrazide reaction with phenyl isothiocyanate to give a 1,2,4-triazole ring (2). This polymer was introduced into a reaction with chloro acetylchloride to yield polymer (3), which was refluxed with sodium azide to give polymer (4). Polymer (5) was synthesized by the reaction of polymer (4) with  acrylonitrile in the presence of NH4Cl as a catalyst. Finally, polymer (6) was synthesized by the electrochemical polymerization of polymer (5) using  316L stainless steel as an anti-corrosion coating. Polymer-coated and uncoated stainless steel was tested for corrosion safety in a solution of 0.1 M HCl, followed by Tafel and Potentiostatic procedures at a temperature of 293 K. Nano materials such as ZnO were applied to the monomer solution at different concentrations to enhance the corrosion resistance of the 316L stainless steel surface. The results showed that the performance values of corrosion protection for the polymer coating were increased with the introduction of the nano materials. Furthermore, 13C-NMR, 1H-NMR, and FTIR were recorded to confirm the structures of the poylmers, while their physical properties were tested using atomic force microscope (AFM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM).

Removal of high concentration phenol from aqueous solutions by electrochemical technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (2A) ◽  
pp. 189-195
Author(s):  
Shaimaa T. Alnasrawy ◽  
Ghayda Y. Alkindi ◽  
Taleb M. Albayati
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Electrochemical Cell ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Electrochemical Process ◽  
Phenol Concentration ◽  
Electrochemical Technique ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Electrolysis Time ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Maximum Removal

In this study, the ability of the electrochemical process to remove aqueous high concentration phenol using an electrochemical cell with aluminum anode and cathode was examined. The removal rate of phenol was monitored using different parameters phenol concentration, pH, electrolysis time, current density, and electrode distance. Obtained results indicated that the low removal rates of phenol were observed at both low and high pH. However, the removal rate of phenol increased with an increase in the current density, each electrochemical process conditions need a certain electrodes distance. removal rate of phenol decreased with the increase in the initial phenol concentration. The maximum removal rate of phenol obtained from this study was 82%.

scholarly journals Apparent vs. True Bond Strength of Steel and PC with Nanoalumina

2015 ◽  
Vol 1129 ◽  
pp. 307-314
Author(s):  
Ala Eddin Douba ◽  
Moneeb Genedy ◽  
Edward Matteo ◽  
John Stormont ◽  
Mahmoud Reda Taha
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Maximum Shear Stress ◽  
Polymer Concrete ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Shear Tests ◽  
Steel Pipes ◽  
Wellbore Integrity ◽  
Interface Surface ◽  
Slant Shear

The bond of polymer concrete (PC) to a steel surface is a critical aspect in many infrastructure applications. Bond strength can be evaluated through several means including pull-off, flexural, twist-off, and slant shear tests. While pull-off strength tests are the most common method for evaluating bond for PC overlays in bridge and parking structures, slant shear tests are more suitable when vertical rather than horizontal bond lines are used. In this paper, we discuss the use of slant shear tests to examine bond of polymer concrete repair material to steel pipes used to ensure wellbore integrity of abandoned oil wells used for CO2sequestration.Bond strength of Novolac PC incorporating nanoalumina particles to a steel surface was measured using slant shear tests. Different amounts of nanoalumina were used in the PC to improve bond strength without significantly reducing PC flowability. Slant shear testing confirmed the ability of nanoalumina to improve the steel-PC bond strength. A finite element (FE) model using the ABAQUS simulation environment was developed to compare the apparent versus the true bond strength. A cohesive contact element surface was used to simulate bond along the interface line. The FE model showed that the stiffness mismatch between the PC and steel controls the maximum shear stress developed at the interface surface. The true bond strength extracted from the FE model appears to be about twice that of the apparent bond strength.

Application of Self Assembled 6-aminohexanol layers for corrosion protection of 304 stainless steel surface

2012 ◽  
Vol 520 (15) ◽  
pp. 4990-4995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Yu ◽  
Shougang Chen ◽  
Houmin Li ◽  
Lejiao Yang ◽  
Yansheng Yin
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Corrosion Protection ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steel Surface ◽  
Self Assembled

scholarly journals Different Setup of Capacitive Coupling Protection System on Mild Steel

2021 ◽  
Vol 2080 (1) ◽  
pp. 012024
Author(s):  
Wan Mohd Haqqi Wan Ahmad ◽  
Siti Hawa Mohamed Salleh ◽  
Shaiful Rizam Shamsudin ◽  
Rajaselan wardan ◽  
Mohd Subhi Din Yati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Mild Steel ◽  
Corrosion Protection ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Electrical Current ◽  
Capacitive Coupling ◽  
Current Consumption ◽  
Current Voltage ◽  
Experimental Surface

Abstract A Capacitive Coupling Corrosion Protection (CCCP) technology based on coupler pads was investigated. The layout of the coupler pads on the mild steel surface was studied to get the best outdoor corrosion protection. A square wave of current/voltage is supplied to the steel surface for 72 hours via a copper coupler pad in three arrangements, i.e., single, double-sided, and opposite configurations. The efficiency of the CCCP configuration was assessed by measuring electrical current consumption, weight loss, and post-experimental surface morphology observations. It is found that the current consumption of 600 μA/cm2 in the double-sided configuration is practically stable. The lowest weight loss and clean surface morphology also prove that the double-sided configuration can improve the corrosion protection of mild steel. It was discovered that by employing more coupling pads on both sides of the metal sheet, the excessive positive charge capable of producing oxidation of mild steel could be easily discharged.

scholarly journals Effect of zero charge corrosion protection (ZCCP) on the carbon steel surface in 3.5% NaCl solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 701 ◽  
pp. 012038
Author(s):  
Shaiful Rizam Shamsudin ◽  
Zin Wen Sim ◽  
Rajaselan Wardan ◽  
Nadia Nadhira Mohd Jamalullalel ◽  
Azmi Rahmat
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Corrosion Protection ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Zero Charge ◽  
Carbon Steel Surface
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