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2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Clark ◽  
J. W. Hastie ◽  
L. H. E. Kihlborg ◽  
R. Metselaar ◽  
M. M. Thackeray
MRS Bulletin ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 35-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merton C. Flemings ◽  
Klavs F. Jensen ◽  
Andreas Mortensen

In the early 1950s when “materials science” was beginning to take shape in the minds of educators in materials departments, discussions were heated on the subject of how (and whether) intellectually rich courses could be developed with such broad coverage. It was argued by many that materials are too complex and vary too greatly from one another in their properties and in their applications to be treated in a single course. These individuals argued that if “materials” was to be taught, then it would have to be in courses or segments of courses broken down by materials classes-metals, ceramic, polymers, semiconductors.A full generation of faculty has passed through our ranks since those days, and the arguments regarding teaching of at least the beginning materials science subjects are now muted and perhaps moot. Few materials departments begin today with a materials-specific subject (e.g., metallurgy, ceramics) for either their own students or as a service subject for other engineering departments. Most begin with a subject in materials science or materials science and engineering that deals generically with all materials for at least a major portion of the subject. Examples are drawn from individual materials classes, and emphasis may shift to individual materials classes as the subject progresses.The key to development of these subjects, and the intellectual foundation on which they rest, is structure and structure-property relations. We can understand, and teach, how the building blocks of materials (atoms, molecules, grains, amorphous phases, etc.) fit together to build macroscopic structures.


Author(s):  
Yuriy P. Mitrofanov

Работа направлена на установление закономерностей изменения сдвиговой упругости, возникающих при структурной релаксации металлических стекол на основе Pd и Zr. Измерения модуля сдвига выполнялись на частотах около 500 кГц. Несмотря на отличия в физических свойствах исследованных металлических стекол (химический состав, стеклообразующая способность, температуры стеклования и др.), наблюдаются определенные общие закономерности релаксации их сдвиговой упругости при термообработке.   ИСТОЧНИК ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯ Работа поддержана грантом Минобрнауки РФ № 3.1310.2017/4.6.   БЛАГОДАРНОСТИ Автор выражает благодарность проф. В.А. Хонику за обсуждение статьи     ЛИТЕРАТУРА Dyre С. Reviews of Modern Physics, 2006, vol. 78, pp. 953–972. https://doi.org/10.1103/revmodphys.78.953 Dyre J. C., Olsen N. B., Christensen T. Physical Review B, 1996, vol. 53, pp. 2171–2174. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.53.2171  Khonik V. A., Mitrofanov Yu. P., Lyakhov S. A., Vasiliev A. N., Khonik S. V., Khoviv D. A. Physical Review B, 2009, vol. 79, pp. 132204-1–132204-4. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.79.132204 Chen H. S. Reports on Progress in Physics, 1980, vol. 43, pp. 353–432. https://doi.org/10.1088/0034-4885/43/4/001   Hirao M., Ogi H. EMATS for Science and Industry: Noncontacting Ultrasonic Measurements. New-York, Springer, 2003, p. 372. Vasil'ev A. N., Buchel'nikov V. D., Gurevich M. I., Kaganov M. I., Gajdukov Ju. P. Electromagnetic Excitation of Sound in Metals. Cheljabinsk, Izd-vo JuUrGU Publ., 2001, 339 p. Wang W. H. Progress in Materials Science, 2012, vol. 57, pp. 487–656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2011.07.001   Watanabe L. Y., Roberts S. N., Baca N., Wiest A., Garrett S. J., Conner R. D. Materials Science and Engineering: C, 2013, vol. 33, pp. 4021–4025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2013.05.044  Wang D. P., Zhao D. Q., Ding D. W., Bai H. Y., Wang W. H. Journal of Applied Physics, 2014, vol. 115, pp. 123507-1–123507-4. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4869548 Zhang Z., Keppens V., Liaw P. K., Yokoyama Y. Journal of Materials Research, 2006, vol. 22, pp. 364–367. https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0040  Khonik V. A. Izvestija Akademii Nauk. Serija fizicheskaja [Bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences: Physics], 2001, vol. 65, no. 10, pp. 1465–1471. (in Russ.) Shtremel' M. A. The Strength of the Alloys. Part Defects of the Lattice. Moscow, MISIS Publ., 1999, 384 p. (in Russ.) Gordon C. A., Granato A. V. Materials Science and Engineering A, 2004, vol. 370, pp. 83–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2003.08.077 Shen T. D., Schwarz R. B. Applied Physics Letters, 2006, vol. 88, pp. 091903-1–091903-3. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2172160  Tsyplakov A. N., Mitrofanov Yu. P., Khonik V. A., Kobelev N. P., Kaloyan A. A. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2015, vol. 618, pp. 449–454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.08.198 Mitrofanov Y. P., Wang D. P., Makarov A. S., Wang W. H., Khonik V. A. // Scientific Reports, 2016, vol. 6, p. 23026-1–23026-6. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep23026  Afonin G. V., Mitrofanov Yu. P., Makarov A. S., Kobelev N. P., Khonik V. A. // Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, 2017, vol. 475, pp. 48–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2017.08.029 


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