Effects of Processing Treatments on the Antioxidant Properties of Polysaccharide from Cordyceps militaris

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wan Chen ◽  
Gaoqiang Liu ◽  
Huandong Yang ◽  
Huabin Zhou ◽  
Hailong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Crude Polysaccharide ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Abstract: The effects of deproteinization and drying methods on the antioxidant activities and physiochemical properties of C. militaris polysaccharide were evaluated. The results showed that the IC50 of crude polysaccharide (CMP)was similar with that of deproteined polysaccharide by sevag (CMP-D-S), but significant higher (p < 0.05)than that of deprotiened polysaccharie by enzyme (CMP-D-E)on DPPH· scavenging. The IC50 of CMP was significant higher (p < 0.05)than that of CMP-D-S and CMP-D-E on OH· scavenging. Deproteinization by sevag or enzymatic method could not improve the antioxidant activity of C. militaris polysaccharide. However, drying methods influenced the antioxidant activities of C. militaris polysaccharide. Polysaccharide dried by freeze drying (CMP-F)showed respectively 55.47 % and 61.99 % higher OH· scavenging capacity on IC50 than that dried by hot air drying (CMP-H)and spray drying (CMP-S). The IC50 of CMP-F was 56.23 % higher than that of CMP-S, but similar with that of CMP-H on ABTS· scavenging. The reducing power of CMP-F was respectively 20.10 % and 27.25 % higher than that of CMP-H and CMP-S at 6 mg/mL. Spectroscopy analysis showed the dried CMPs were similar in IR and UV absorption. However, the monosaccharide ratio of CMP was changed by drying techniques. Morphological analysis showed that CMP-F consisted mainly of fluffy powder with rough and porous surface, CMP-S was spherical particle with smooth surface, and CMP-H was pyknotic and similar to anomalistic stones. Freeze drying was a recommendable method for antioxidant polysaccharide preparation from C. militaris.

Effect of Drying on the Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Rubus lambertianus

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Yu ◽  
Zijian Shangguan ◽  
Xingju Yang ◽  
Dan Sun ◽  
Baoqing Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Red Raspberry ◽  
Hot Air Drying ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Total Anthocyanins

AbstractDifferent drying methods, including hot air drying (HAD), freeze drying (FD), spray drying and vacuum drying (VD), were investigated to determine their influence on the chromatic coordinates, phenolics, anthocyanins and antioxidant activities of dried red raspberry (Rubus lambertianus). Pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside and catechin were found to be the main anthocyanin and non-anthocyanin phenolics, respectively, in fresh red raspberry. The most effective method for controlling browning was FD. The highest protective effects against bioactive compounds were observed in freeze-dried powders, when measuring the total anthocyanins, the scavenging of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) and hydroxyl radicals and the inhibition effects on lard oxidation. HAD was effective for the preservation of total phenolics, while VD was useful for protecting catechin and procyanidin B1.

scholarly journals Effects of Water Quality on Dissolution of Yerba Mate Extract Powders

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wen-Ying Huang ◽  
Pei-Chi Lee ◽  
Jaw-Cherng Hsu ◽  
Yu-Ru Lin ◽  
Hui-Ju Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Dpph Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Scavenging ◽  
Mate Tea

Yerba mate tea is known as one of the most popular nonalcoholic beverages favoured by South Americans due to its nutrition facts and medicinal properties. The processing of yerba mate tea is found to affect the properties of its final forms. This study presents an investigation into the effects of water sources on the dissolution of yerba mate extract powders. Comparisons were conducted between yerba mate teas prepared by dissolving yerba mate extract powders into tap water and deionized water. Topics to be explored in this work are the major compositions and antioxidant activities, including total phenol content, reducing power, DPPH scavenging activity, and ABTS+• scavenging capacity. It is indicated that there is little difference for antioxidant activities and major constituents of yerba mate teas between both water sources. However, a deeper color is seen in the tap water case, resulting from the reaction between tannic acid and ions. This research finding can be treated as a way to benefit the yerba mate tea processing for applications.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and antioxidant properties of freeze-dried dromedary skim colostrum and milk powder

Mljekarstvo ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Olfa Oussaief ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Skim Milk ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Skim Milk Powder ◽  
Chelating Activity

This study aimed to determine the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of dromedary skim colostrum and milk powder produced by freeze-drying. Results of the study showed that skim colostrum powder possessed higher protein content compared to milk powder whereas this latter had greater lactose and ash content. The analysis of mineral content revealed that calcium and magnesium levels were higher in skim colostrum powder while the iron level did not differ significantly between skim colostrum and milk powder. The measurements of colour characteristics indicated that dromedary skim colostrum powder was redder, but less yellow and white than dromedary skim milk powder. Further, dromedary skim milk powder had higher bulk density and tapped bulk density. Protein solubility of skim colostrum powder exceeded that of skim milk powder over a wide range of pH (3-8). The antioxidant activities were evaluated using various in vitro tests, including 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities, ferric reducing power assay and ferrous chelating activity. Both dromedary skim colostrum and milk powder exhibited antioxidant activities in a dose dependent manner. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities were almost similar for skim colostrum and milk powder whereas ferric reducing power and ferrous chelating activity were more pronounced in dromedary skim colostrum powder whatever the concentration tested. Hence, freeze-drying process could be used as an effective tool for producing powder from dromedary skim colostrum and milk with nutritional and antioxidant properties.

Phenolic Content, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Moroccan propolis

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (6) ◽  
pp. 696-705
Author(s):  
Omar Belmehdi ◽  
Badia Douhri ◽  
Abdelhakim Bouyahya ◽  
Yousif Laghmouchi ◽  
Nadia S. Senhaji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Bleaching Test ◽  
Ethanol Extracts ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Background:Propolis contains compounds with antibacterial and antioxidant capacities, such as phenolic compounds and flavonoids. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial and antioxidant effects of six propolis samples from northern Morocco and to determine their content of polyphenols and flavonoids.Methods:The total polyphenols and flavonoids of Ethanol Extracts (EEP) were evaluated by colorimetric assays. To test the antibacterial activity, the well diffusion and micro-dilution methods were adopted. The kinetic of bacterial growth in the presence of EEP was tested. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using three techniques: reducing power, β-carotene bleaching test, and DPPH scavenging capacity assay.Results:The EEPs were found to have high total phenolic content (65.09 - 122.00 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (41.95 - 50.44 mg QE/g). The screening of the antibacterial activity showed that all tested bacteria were sensitive to EEP except Escherichia coli. The inhibitory zones varied from 11.50 ± 0.70 to 32.00 ± 0.70 mm, and MIC and MBC ranged from 0.07 to 5 mg/mL and 0.07 to >5 mg/mL, respectively. The antioxidant activity was proportional to the phenolic content of propolis. The IC50 varied from 48.70 to 156.00 mg/mL and the RAA% ranged from 75.07 to 96.68 %.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Antioxidant Capacities and Cytotoxic Effects of Ten Parmeliaceae Lichen Species

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Fernández-Moriano ◽  
E. González-Burgos ◽  
P. K. Divakar ◽  
A. Crespo ◽  
M. P. Gómez-Serranillos
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Parmeliaceae represents the largest and widespread family of lichens and includes species that attract much interest regarding pharmacological activities, due to their production of unique secondary metabolites. The current work aimed to investigate the in vitro antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of the methanol extracts of ten Parmeliaceae species, collected in different continents. Methanol extraction afforded high phenolic content in the extracts. The antioxidant activity displayed by lichens was evaluated through chemical assays, such as the ORAC (Oxygen Radical Absorbance Capacity) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). A moderately positive correlation was found between the phenolic content and the antioxidant properties for all the species: R: 0.7430 versus ORAC values, R: 0.7457 versus DPPH scavenging capacity, and R: 0.7056 versus FRAP reducing power. The methanol extract of Flavoparmelia euplecta exhibited the highest ORAC value, the extract of Myelochroa irrugans showed the maximum DPPH scavenging capacity, and Hypotrachyna cirrhata methanol extract demonstrated the highest reducing power. Further, the cytotoxic activity of the ten species was investigated on the human cancer cell lines HepG2 and MCF-7; Myelochroa irrugans exhibited the highest anticancer potential. The pharmacological activities shown here could be attributed to their phytochemical constituents.

scholarly journals Effect of Processing Steps on Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activities of High Anthocyanin Mulberry Fruit Powder

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuangfah Punthi ◽  
Somchai Jomduang
Keyword(s):  
Freeze Drying ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Vacuum Drying ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Hot Air Drying ◽  
Hot Air ◽  
Mulberry Fruits

The objective of this research was to determine the amounts of bioactive compounds and antioxidant activities in each processing step in the production of high anthocyanin powder (HAP) from mulberry fruits to investigate suitable processing methods. For fresh mulberry fruits derived of Chiang Mai varieties, both in-season and off-season fruits had similar amounts of total anthocyanin content (TAC) and total phenolic compounds (TPC). In-season mulberry fruits had the highest potential to be used as a raw material for further study because of high antioxidant activities, large fruit size, and high productivity. Two methods of HAP production were tested. The first method used whole fruit drying with different drying methods included hot air drying (HAD), vacuum drying (VD), and freeze drying (FD). Hot air drying at 50, 60 and 70°C showed a decreased concentration of anthocyanins, which were 60% lower than that of fresh fruits. Vacuum drying at 55 and 75°C could provide high anthocyanin content and was similar to freeze drying, which had 87–97% anthocyanin retention. Vacuum drying at 75°C was most suitable for HAP production because of the short drying time (22.3 ± 0.4 hours), high anthocyanin retention (87.21%), high phenolic compound content, and high antioxidant activities. The second method used fermented and concentrated mulberry juice. This process used the following steps: yeast fermentation to decrease the sugar content, filtration to get rid of solid parts, evaporation to concentrate the solution, drying with different drying methods (vacuum drying and freeze drying), and crushing to powder. Throughout fermentation, filtration, and evaporation, high phenolic compound content and antioxidant activities were observed and 77.29% of anthocyanins were retained. However, these values decreased dramatically after the drying step. Therefore, drying the concentrated solution was not effective for HAP production. Of the processing methods tested, directly drying whole mulberry fruits with VD at 75°C was most suitable for HAP production. This method provided 13.06% ± 0.35 production yield of HAP, contained 13.51±0.08 mg/g DW of total anthocyanins, and 27.47 ± 0.50 mg GAE/g DW of total phenolic compounds. Additionally, the antioxidant activities by DPPH, TRAP, and TEAC assays were 2.91 ± 0.19, 16.22 ± 0.31, and 22.34 ± 0.29 mmol GAE/g DW, respectively.

Physiochemical properties and antioxidant potential of Persea Americana seed oil

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Acid Value ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Antioxidant Potential ◽  
Physiochemical Properties ◽  
Physiochemical Parameters ◽  
Ic50 Value

Oil extracted from Persea Americana seed was assayed for its physiochemical properties and antioxidant potential using various standard methods. The oil content of the seed was found to be &lt; 10%. Brownish-red color oil was liquid at room temperature, with specific gravity of 0.91±0.02 g/mL. Other physiochemical parameters determined were; acid value (4.51±0.08 mgKOH/g), %FFA (2.26±0.08), peroxide value (2.40±0.57 mgO2/Kg), ester value (31.26±0.03 mgKOH/g), saponification value (35.76±0.07 mgKOH/g) and iodine value (23.5±0.07). The results of the antioxidant activities of the seed oil showed that the flavonoid content (80.00±1.41 mgQE/g) was ~10 folds higher than the phenolic content (8.27±0.06 mgGAE/g). The DPPH radical scavenging value was found to be 51.54±0.25% with an IC50 value of 4.68±0.02 mg/mL and reducing power with an average absorbance of 0.85±0.01 and an IC50 value of 0.001±0.02 mg/mL. Gallic acid showed better antioxidant activities than the oil studied. The results obtained in this study showed that Persea Americana seed oil has nutritional, industrial as well as medicinal potentials.

Chemical Constituents Isolated from Rhododendron ungernii with Antioxidant Profile

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emine Dede ◽  
Nusret Genc ◽  
Mahfuz Elmastas ◽  
Huseyin Aksit ◽  
Ramazan Erenler
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Scavenging Effect ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries ◽  
Dpph Scavenging

Background: Plant in Rhododendron genus that contains phenolic compounds has been used in traditional medicine and revealed considerable biological activities. Objective: Isolation and identification of antioxidant natural products from Rhododendron ungernii. Methods: Rhododendron ungernii Trautv. flowers were collected and dried in shade. The dried flowers were extracted with methanol for 3 days. The solvent was removed by reduced pressure to yield the extract which was subjected to column chromatography (Sephadex LH-20, C18 reversed phase column) to isolate catechin-7-O-glucoside (1), quercetin-3-O-β-galactoside (2), quercetin-3-O- β-xyloside (3), farrerol (4), myricetin (5), and quercetin (6). The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods such as 1D-NMR, 2D-NMR, and LC-TOF/MS. DPPH scavenging effect, ABTS+ scavenging activity, and reducing power (FRAP) were performed for antioxidant assays of isolated natural compounds. Results: Isolated flavonoids displayed the outstanding antioxidant activities. Catechin-7-O-glucoside (1) and quercetin-3-O-β-galactoside (2) (IC50, 3.66 µg/mL) had the most DPPH• scavenging effect among the compounds. The highest ABTS•+ scavenging activity (IC50, 1.41 µg/mL) and reducing power effect (6.05 mmol TE/g comp) were observed for myricetin (5). Conclusion: R. ungernii extract and isolated compounds could be a promising antioxidant for food and pharmaceutical industries.

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