Perceptions of older people among Chinese adolescents: conceptual and methodological issues

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ka Man So ◽  
Daniel T.L. Shek
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Older People ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chinese Adolescents ◽  
Socioeconomic Background ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Methodological Problems

Abstract Ageism against older people exists worldwide almost among all age groups and adolescents are of no exception. Numerous studies with specific reference to adolescents of different age, gender, educational level, socioeconomic background, knowledge about aging and experiences with older people showed that they had different perceptions of and attitudes toward older people, but such findings are not entirely conclusive. The situation of Hong Kong is even more confused as there are few studies examining this topic. It is argued that the conflicting findings are largely due to conceptual and methodological problems in the studies. This paper examines the conceptual and methodological issues in this area and outlines suggestions for future research.

scholarly journals Can We Apply WHOQOL-AGE to Asian Population? Verifying Its Factor Structure and Psychometric Properties in a Convenience Sample From Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Ying Lin ◽  
Jung-Der Wang ◽  
Li-Fan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Measurement Invariance ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample

Objectives: To translate and validate a recently developed quality of life instrument (WHOQOL-AGE) on geriatric population into Chinese.Method: Using cross-sectional observational design, the WHOQOL-AGE was conducted among older people through interview. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to examine the factor structure and multigroup CFA used to examine the measurement invariance.Results: Through convenience sampling, 522 older adults (mean age = 73.42) participated in the study. Among them, 194 were males, 213 had an educational level at primary school or below, 398 were residing in the community, and 307 were aged 70 years or above. A bifactor structure (items Q1–Q8 are embedded in the factor 1; items Q9–Q13 embedded in the factor 2; and all the items embedded in an additional construct of QoL) was confirmed by the CFA in both the entire sample (χ2 = 25.4; df = 51; p = 0.999) and the subgroup sample with age 70 years or above (χ2 = 25.28; df = 51; p = 1.000). Multigroup CFAs results supported the measurement invariance for the WHOQOL-AGE across genders, having different educational levels, living in different settings and age groups. It also shows good known-groups validity.Conclusions: The promising psychometric properties of the WHOQOL-AGE were found in our convenience sample of older Taiwanese. The supported measurement invariance indicates that the older people in different conditions of gender, educational level, and living setting interpret the WHOQOL-AGE similarly. However, our results should be interpreted with cautious because of the sample representativeness.

Performance of 7- to 95-year-old individuals in a Chinese version of the category fluency test

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 525-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
AGNES S. CHAN ◽  
MAGGIE W. POON
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Chinese Version ◽  
Peak Performance ◽  
Clinical Use ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Category Fluency ◽  
Fluency Test

A version of the category fluency test including the categories of animal and transportation, was administered to 316 Chinese native speakers ranging in age from 7 to 95. Results indicated that the number of items generated in the category fluency test increases with age from childhood to adulthood with a peak performance in adults aged from 19 to 30, and then declines subsequently into late life. All participants, regardless of their age, generated more animal than transportation names. Educational level, but not gender, was a significant factor affecting their performance. The participants in all age groups committed very few intrusion and perseveration errors. The results of the present study were in general consistent with those reported in the western countries. Thus, it seems to be appropriate to apply the category fluency test, which was originally developed in western countries, for clinical use in Hong Kong. (JINS, 1999, 5, 525–533.)

Stressful Life Events and Schizophrenia II: Conceptual and Methodological Issues

1993 ◽  
Vol 162 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross M. G. Norman ◽  
Ashok K. Malla
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Research Designs ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
Reciprocal Influences ◽  
The Relationship

Research on the relationship between stress and schizophrenia is fraught with conceptual and methodological problems. These problems include issues related to the nature and measurement of stress, the likelihood of reciprocal influences between stress and symptoms, and the adequate assessment of symptoms. Several recommendations are made regarding future research in this area. These include using multiple and broadly based measures of different types of stressors and symptoms, greater use of truly prospective research designs, and the evaluation of the effects of interventions specifically designed to reduce stress in patients who suffer from schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Realidad Virtual Inmersiva en personas mayores: estudio de casos (Immersive Virtual Reality in older people: a case study)

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Campo-Prieto ◽  
José Mª Cancela Carral ◽  
Iris Machado de Oliveira ◽  
Gustavo Rodríguez-Fuentes
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Older People ◽  
Hearing Aids ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Immersive Virtual Reality ◽  
Head Mounted Display ◽  
Structural Problems ◽  
Senior Population

  Introducción: El uso de la Realidad Virtual Inmersiva (RVI) se encuentra en auge en todas las franjas de edad. Sin embargo, algunos problemas estructurales han limitado su aplicación en colectivos más frágiles. Objetivo: Analizar la seguridad, usabilidad y experiencias de la RVI en personas mayores. Método: 4 varones (2 parkinsonianos y 2 sanos, 57-78 años) participaron en el estudio. Realizaron una sesión de RVI (10-15 minutos) con un dispositivo Head-Mounted Display (HTC Vive Pro). Se evaluó la seguridad de la experiencia inmersiva (SSQ), usabilidad del sistema (SUS) e impresiones tras la experiencia (GEQ y un cuestionario de satisfacción ad hoc para identificar fortalezas y puntos débiles de la herramienta). Resultados: Todos completaron la sesión con éxito, sin efectos adversos. La usabilidad del sistema fue buena, incluso salvando obstáculos como la presencia de gafas correctoras de visión y audífono. Las opiniones tras la sesión señalaron lo positivo de la experiencia y todos mostraron su predisposición a repetirla, calificándola como entretenida, divertida y útil. Conclusión: El uso con éxito de la RVI en los casos presentados abre la puerta a futuras investigaciones con ensayos clínicos que puedan evaluar la posible mejora de variables físicas, psíquicas y sociales en la población sénior española. Abstract. Background: The use of Immersive Virtual Reality (IVR) is booming in all age groups. However, some structural problems have limited its application in more fragile groups. Objective: Analyze the safety, usability and experiences of IVR in older people. Method: 4 males (2 parkinsonian and 2 healthy, 57-78 years) participated in the study. They conducted an RVI session (10-15 minutes) with a Head-Mounted Display (HTC Vive Pro) device. The safety of immersive experience (SSQ), system usability (SUS), and impressions after experience (GEQ and an ad hoc satisfaction questionnaire to identify strengths and weaknesses of the tool) were evaluated. Results: Everyone completed the session successfully, without adverse effects. The usability of the system was good, even overcoming obstacles such as the presence of vision corrective glasses and hearing aids. Opinions after the session pointed out the positive experience and all participants showed their willingness to repeat it, describing it as entertaining, fun, and useful. Conclusion: The successful use of IVR in the cases presented opens the door to future research with clinical trials that can evaluate the improvements of physical, psychic and social variables in the Spanish senior population.

scholarly journals Neighborhood Physical Environment and Cognition in Later Life: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hong Kong

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 470-470
Author(s):  
Yuqi Liu ◽  
Yingqi Guo ◽  
Shiyu Lu ◽  
Hiu Kwan Chui ◽  
Lai Har Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Older People ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Young Old

Abstract This study examined the association between neighbourhood physical environment and cognition among community-dwelling older people and identifies whether this association varies among different older age groups. Data came from a cross-sectional survey data with 2,081 older people living in 12 public housing estates in Hong Kong. We merged individual data with neighbourhood physical environment data from community audit and GIS. Multivariable linear regression model was used. Young-old who resided in neighbourhoods with a higher land use mix and more public transport terminals, were associated with better cognition. Only the number of community centres was positively associated with the cognition for old-old. A curvilinear association was found between cognition and the number of active leisure facilities in the overall sample and young-old. Our findings could inform urban planners and policymakers on planning community facilities and physical environments based on the needs of older people in different age groups.

Older people's realisation of generativity in a changing society: the case of Hong Kong

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 609-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHEUNG-TAK CHENG ◽  
WAI CHAN ◽  
ALFRED C. M. CHAN
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Older People ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Technological Changes ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Generation Gaps

ABSTRACTGenerativity refers to activities that help to establish and guide the next generation. This paper explores the nature of generative concern among older people and how it manifests itself in an era of rapid social and technological changes that have produced wide generation gaps. Eight focus groups were conducted with 51 women and 20 men who were recruited from social centres in Hong Kong on the basis of age, socio-economic status, and level of participation in the centres. The discussions were transcribed verbatim and analysed using grounded-theory principles. The elders frequently referred to the superior educational level and technological knowledge of their offspring, as well as the differences in values and lifestyles between the generations, which they thought had made their own knowledge and wisdom obsolete. They had concerns about social and technological changes, however, and they aroused a sense of urgency to protect the younger generation from contemporary evils, while many considered that passing on moral and behavioural codes nowadays was the most important generative role. Although they wanted to help, their efforts were often criticised. In order to maintain harmonious relationships and to avoid conflicts with their offspring, many participants adopted passive generative roles. Attempts to stabilise the generative self by redefining generativity were also observed. The final section of the paper discusses the implications of the findings for the maintenance of the generative self in personal situations of declining resources.

A methodological critique of parenting research in Hong Kong

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung-Kit Fok ◽  
Daniel T.L. Shek
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Multiple Informants ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Statistical Data Analysis ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Multiple Indicators ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Convenience Sampling

Abstract This paper attempts to examine methodological issues pertinent to parenting research in Hong Kong. Using 90 studies indexed in the PsycINFO database, eight methodological limitations of parenting research in Hong Kong are highlighted. The limitations include over-reliance on non-locally validated translated measurements, lack of longitudinal studies, infrequent utilization of perspectives based on multiple informants, lack of usage of multiple indicators of different parenting processes, infrequent use of advanced statistical data analysis methods, underuse of linear mixed method analyses, predominance of convenience sampling, and lack of qualitative studies. Future research directions with reference to these methodological limitations are discussed.

Age and marital status predictors of binge alcohol use among adults with major depressive episode

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Areen Omary
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Depressive Episode ◽  
Major Depressive Episode ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Never Married ◽  
At Risk Populations

Aims: This study aims to examine if age and marital status can predict the risk for binge alcohol use (BAU) among adults with a major depressive episode (MDE). Methods: Data from the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s (SAMHSA) 2018 National Survey for Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) were analyzed. The unweighted sample included 6,999 adults representing a weighted population size of 33,900,452.122 in the US. Results and Conclusions: The findings of this retrospective research confirmed that age and marital status significantly predicted BAU in the past month among adults with MDE. Adults with MDE at higher risk for BAU were adults under the age of 50, adults who were never married, and adults who were divorced/separated. Special attention must be paid to those in age groups under 50, never married, and have been separated/divorced who are particularly at-risk for future alcohol abuse. Future research should consider examining additional potential confounders for BAU among other at-risk populations.

International Archival Auditing and Assurance Research: Trends, Methodological Issues, and Opportunities

2016 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Simnett ◽  
Elizabeth Carson ◽  
Ann Vanstraelen
Keyword(s):  
Audit Quality ◽  
Research Trends ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Research Articles ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Methodological Issues ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Support Evidence

SUMMARY We present a comprehensive review of the 130 international archival auditing and assurance research articles that were published in eight leading accounting and auditing journals for 1995–2014. In order to support evidence-based international standard setting and regulation, and to identify what has been learned to date, we map this research to the International Auditing and Assurance Standards Board's (IAASB) Framework for Audit Quality. For the areas that have been well researched, we provide a summary of the findings and outline how they can inform standard setters and regulators. We also observe a significant evolution in international archival research over the 20 years of our study, as evidenced by the measures of audit quality, data sources used, and approaches used to address endogeneity concerns. Finally, we identify some challenges in undertaking international archival auditing and assurance research and identify opportunities for future research. Our review is of interest to researchers, practitioners, and standard setters/regulators involved in international auditing and assurance activities.

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