Recycling potential of unbleached and bleached chemical pulps from juvenile and mature wood of Populus deltoides

Holzforschung ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yahya Hamzeh ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Hashemi Najafi ◽  
Martin A. Hubbe ◽  
Kamyar Salehi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Dehghani Firouzabadi
Keyword(s):  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Kraft Pulping ◽  
Mature Wood ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Eastern Cottonwood ◽  
Chemical Pulps ◽  
Drying And Rewetting ◽  
Recycling Potential

Abstract The recycling potential of unbleached and bleached pulps of juvenile and mature wood of poplar (namely “eastern cottonwood”, Populus deltoides) has been investigated. First, chemical and morphological characteristics of juvenile wood (JW), transition wood, and mature wood (MW) of the trunk were determined. Then, high yield and low yield pulps were produced separately from JW and MW by kraft pulping (KP), followed by bleaching of the low-yield pulp with a DED sequence. The obtained handsheet papers were subjected to five successive drying and rewetting cycles (as recycling simulation), and the properties of the corresponding pulps were characterized. The results show that JW is inferior with respect to chemical and morphological properties and resulted in low-yield KP. The bleached pulp obtained from JW required more bleaching chemical to achieve the brightness targets. The strength losses of pulps resulting from recycling were more significant in the first recycling cycle, and then the loss rate decreased with further cycles. The comparison between different pulps showed that the JW pulps were more susceptible to the effects of recycling than MW pulps.

EVALUATION OF THE COMMON HOP VARIETY SAMPLES ACCORDING TO THE PHENOLOGICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES

2018 ◽  
pp. 40-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
А. А. Fadeev ◽  
Z. А. Nikonova
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Humulus Lupulus L ◽  
The Common ◽  
Regions Of Russia ◽  
Vegetative Season

The results of study of the 12 year cycle of studies on the only in Russia collection of hops ordinary (Humulus lupulus L.), which contains 250 samples from different regions of Russia and 17 foreign countries. The number of process varieties, composition and origin, it is unique and corresponds to world level. A collection of accessions of hops is a population of female plants with a set of phenological, morphological and economic importance of signs. In the article, the estimation of the collectible varieties of hops at different ripeness groups according to phenological and morphological characteristics according to the method of test for distinctness, uniformity and stability. As the result of the research the Common Hop (Humuluslupulus) sorts were classified in accordance with their maturity time as early maturity (less than 100 days) – 10%, middle-early (101…110 days) – 14, middle duration (111…120 days) – 40, middle-late (121…130 days) – 10% and slow-maturing (more than 130 days) – 26%. Each group has a phenotypic and morphologies features. The early maturity, middle-early and middle duration varieties with vegetative season approximately 120 days are more adaptive to the conditions of the Chuvashia and central part of the Russia and provide obtaining high yield of the hop cones.

A Growth and Yield Model for Improved Eastern Cottonwood Plantations in the Lower Mississippi Delta

1991 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 213-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quang V. Cao ◽  
Kenneth M. Durand
Keyword(s):  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Mississippi Delta ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Site Index ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Annual Increment ◽  
Yield Model ◽  
Eastern Cottonwood ◽  
Volume Yield ◽  
Growth And Yield Model

Abstract A compatible growth and yield model was developed based on remeasurement data collected from 183 plots on unthinned improved eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr.) plantations in the lower Mississippi Delta. The Sullivan and Clutter (1972) equation form was selected for predicting cubic-foot volume yield and projecting volume from site index and initial age and basal area. Yield equations explained 97% and 94%, respectively, of the variations in total outside bark and merchantable inside bark volumes. Mean annual increment of merchantable volume culminated between 8 and 15 years, depending on site index and initial basal area. South. J. Appl. For. 15(4):213-216.

The effect of ozone on cottonwood – leaf rust interactions: independence of abiotic stress, genotype, and leaf ontogeny

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 949-953 ◽  
Author(s):  
James S. Coleman ◽  
Clive G. Jones ◽  
William H. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Rust ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Leaf Age ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Ozone Treatment ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Leaf Ontogeny ◽  
Leaf Production ◽  
Leaf Injury ◽  
Eastern Cottonwood

The interaction of an acute ozone dose, plant genotype, and leaf ontogeny on the development of cottonwood leaf rust on eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr.) was investigated. A rust-resistant (ST 66) and a rust-susceptible (ST 109) clone were exposed to charcoal-filtered air or were fumigated with 393 μg m−3 (0.20 ppm) ozone for 5 h. Forty hours after fumigation, leaf material of different developmental ages was inoculated with urediospores of Melampsora medusae Thum., and uredia production was measured after 10 days. Ozone fumigation of cottonwoods significantly reduced uredia production by M. medusae on both clones and all leaf ages without causing visible leaf injury or measurable changes in cottonwood height growth, leaf production, leaf length, or root/shoot biomass. Uredia production was strongly affected by ozone treatment, cottonwood genotype, and leaf age, but interactions among these three factors did not occur.

scholarly journals LuxR- and LuxI-Type Quorum-Sensing Circuits Are Prevalent in Members of the Populus deltoides Microbiome

2013 ◽  
Vol 79 (18) ◽  
pp. 5745-5752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy L. Schaefer ◽  
Colin R. Lappala ◽  
Ryan P. Morlen ◽  
Dale A. Pelletier ◽  
Tse-Yuan S. Lu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Homoserine Lactone ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Eastern Cottonwood ◽  
Bacterial Signaling ◽  
Signal Production ◽  
Plant Signals

ABSTRACTWe are interested in the root microbiome of the fast-growing Eastern cottonwood tree,Populus deltoides. There is a large bank of bacterial isolates fromP. deltoides, and there are 44 draft genomes of bacterial endophyte and rhizosphere isolates. As a first step in efforts to understand the roles of bacterial communication and plant-bacterial signaling inP. deltoides, we focused on the prevalence of acyl-homoserine lactone (AHL) quorum-sensing-signal production and reception in members of theP. deltoidesmicrobiome. We screened 129 bacterial isolates for AHL production using a broad-spectrum bioassay that responds to many but not all AHLs, and we queried the available genome sequences of microbiome isolates for homologs of AHL synthase and receptor genes. AHL signal production was detected in 40% of 129 strains tested. Positive isolates included members of theAlpha-,Beta-, andGammaproteobacteria. Members of theluxIfamily of AHL synthases were identified in 18 of 39 proteobacterial genomes, including genomes of some isolates that tested negative in the bioassay. Members of theluxRfamily of transcription factors, which includes AHL-responsive factors, were more abundant thanluxIhomologs. There were 72 in the 39 proteobacterial genomes. Some of theluxRhomologs appear to be members of a subfamily of LuxRs that respond to as-yet-unknown plant signals rather than bacterial AHLs. Apparently, there is a substantial capacity for AHL cell-to-cell communication in proteobacteria of theP. deltoidesmicrobiota, and there are alsoProteobacteriawith LuxR homologs of the type hypothesized to respond to plant signals or cues.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE CORRELATION OF INTERRELATIONS OF MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GRAIN SORGHUM

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Victoria Igorevna Starchak ◽  
Valery Ivanovich Zhuzhukin ◽  
Ekaterina Aleksandrovna Zhuk ◽  
Vera Valeryevna Bychkova
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Coefficient Matrix ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Total Contribution ◽  
Morphological And Physiological Traits ◽  
Research And Design

In modern conditions, the need for cultivation of grain sorghum in regions with insufficient moisture is determined by its high yield and grain quality. For practical breeding, with the objective of assessing linkages 19 morphological and physiological traits model of the population including 15 varieties and 2 promising lines of grain sorghum that is created in the Russian Research and Design Technological Institute of Sorghum and Maize. The biochemical composition of the grain of the objects of research is presented graphically. A different degree of variation in the characteristics of grain sorghum was revealed: very strong (V> 40,0%) - productive bushiness, number of grains from 1 panicle; strong (20,0% <V <40,0%) - the width of the panicle, the extension of the panicle leg, the thickness of the upper internode, the area of the flag leaf, the area of the fourth on top of the leaf, the mass of the grain from 1 panicle; weak (V <10,0%) - the height of the plants after 30 days, the height of the plants during maturation. The group with an average degree of variation (10.0% <V <20.0%) includes all other signs measured in the experiment. Factor analysis was used to optimize, interpret the calculated matrix of correlation coefficients. In the analysis of the correlation coefficient matrix, hypothetical factors with a contribution of more than 5% to the accumulated variance are calculated. The first hypothetical factor is determined by the high effects of morphophysiological features. The second factor is largely due to the contribution of plant height 30 days after germination and the extension of the panicle legs. Plant height at maturity, weight of 1000 grains make the greatest contribution to the third factor. The width of the panicle makes the greatest contribution to the accumulated dispersion of the fourth factor. The fifth factor is determined by the effects of plant height at the beginning and end of vegetation, as well as the total contribution of all studied features.

Growth and Survival of Eastern Cottonwood in Kentucky

1987 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Stringer ◽  
L. Shain ◽  
R. F. Wittwer
Keyword(s):  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Eastern Cottonwood ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Stem Cankers ◽  
Geographic Sources ◽  
Superior Clones

Abstract Nine clones of eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides Bartr.) from different geographic sources were grown on two sites for height growth and survival percentage after 5 to 10 years. Several clones ranked as superior in Mississippi also performed well during the first 5 years of growthin Kentucky. The survival and diameter growth of some of these "superior" clones, however, was significantly less than others at 10 years. These same clones also exhibited low crown vigor and an abundance of stem cankers associated largely with Fusarium solani. Early growth induces must thereforebe used cautiously for determining long-term planting schedules. South. J. Appl. For. 11(2):73-76.

Tolerance of Planed Hardwoods to Spring Flooding

1977 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 23-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Baker
Keyword(s):  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Liquidambar Styraciflua ◽  
Fraxinus Pennsylvanica ◽  
Green Ash ◽  
Nyssa Aquatica ◽  
Eastern Cottonwood ◽  
Platanus Occidentalis ◽  
Water Tupelo ◽  
Root Collar

Abstract Cuttings of eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides) and seedlings of sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua), water tupelo (Nyssa aquatica), American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis), and green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) were planted on a slackwater clay (Vertic Haplaquept) in western Mississippi in two consecutive years and inundated soon after foliation. During each of the two years, survival following flooding was consistently high for water tupelo, green ash, and sycamore, low for cottonwood, and intermediate for sweetgum. With the exception of green ash, however, all species lost their leaves and died back to the root collar during flooding. Thus trees, other than ash, that were living at the end of the growing season had originated from root collar sprouts.

scholarly journals Methanogenic Archaea dominate mature heartwood habitats of Eastern Cottonwood (Populus deltoides)

2018 ◽  
Vol 222 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Z. Yip ◽  
Allison M. Veach ◽  
Zamin K. Yang ◽  
Melissa A. Cregger ◽  
Christopher W. Schadt
Keyword(s):  
Populus Deltoides ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Eastern Cottonwood

Submicrometer zinc oxide particles: Elaboration in polyol medium and morphological characteristics

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Jézéquel ◽  
Jean Guenot ◽  
Noureddine Jouini ◽  
Fernand Fiévet
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Zinc Acetate Dihydrate ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Spherical Particles ◽  
Zinc Salt ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Polyol Medium ◽  
Oxide Particles ◽  
Zinc Oxide Particles ◽  
Hydrolysis Of

A novel and easy route for preparing submicrometer particles of zinc oxide, involving hydrolysis of zinc salt in a polyol medium, is proposed. Zinc acetate dihydrate and diethyleneglycol appear to be the best candidates for obtaining a high yield of particles with well-defined morphological characteristics. Monodisperse spherical particles in the submicrometer range (0.2−0.4 μm) have been obtained for a salt concentration less than 0.1 mol 1−1. The particle size depends mainly on the heating rate. The particles are microporous (surface area: 80 m2 g−1) and are formed by aggregation of small crystallites (10 nm). Calcination at moderate temperature drastically reduces this porosity without significant interparticle sintering. At higher concentration, no aggregation occurs and tiny single crystallite particles are obtained.

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