Investigations on ribosomal DNA of indoor wood decay fungi for their characterization and identification

Holzforschung ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ute Moreth ◽  
Olaf Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi

Identification of Serpula lacrymans and other decay fungi in construction timber by sequencing of ribosomal DNA – A practical approach

Holzforschung ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Högberg ◽  
C. J. Land
Keyword(s):  
Species Identification ◽  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Close Relative ◽  
Fomitopsis Pinicola ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
5.8S Rdna ◽  
Resinicium Bicolor ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi ◽  
Serpula Lacrymans

AbstractWe have approached species identification of wood decay fungi in construction wood by means of sequencing ribosomal DNA. Sequencing of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS), which includes the 5.8S rDNA, is straightforward and provides a basis for species identification. Identification was either by BLAST search on sequences in GenBank or phylogenetic analysis. A number of important wood decay fungi such asSerpula lacrymans, S. himantioides, Antrodia serialis, A. sinuosa, Gloeophyllum sepiarium, Fomitopsis pinicola, Resinicium bicolorandJunghuhnia collabenshave been successfully identified from fruitbodies and directly from wood samples. Sequence variants were found within the species sampled includingS. himantioides, the close relative ofS. lacrymans.But, among 27 samples from fruitbodies and mycelium ofS. lacrymans, unexpectedly, no sequence variation was detected.

Ribosomal DNA intergenic spacer of indoor wood-decay fungi

Holzforschung ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olaf Schmidt ◽  
Ute Moreth
Keyword(s):  
Ribosomal Dna ◽  
Repeat Unit ◽  
Intergenic Spacer ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
5S Rdna ◽  
Reverse Direction ◽  
Dry Rot ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi ◽  
Rdna Repeat Unit

AbstractIndoor wood-decay fungi are economically very important. Approximately half of the total damage caused by indoor fungi in Germany is caused by species of the Coniophoraceae. The sequence of the intergenic spacer (IGS) region of the ribosomal DNA was elucidated with the following fungi of this family:Serpula lacrymans(true dry rot fungus),S. himantioides(wild merulius),Meruliporia incrassata(North American dry rot fungus),Leuco-gyrophana pinastri(mine dry rot fungus),Coniophora puteana(brown cellar fungus), andC. marmorata(marmoreus cellar fungus). The IGS length ranges between 2584 and 3785 bp and consists of the short IGS 1 (253–440 bp), the 5S rDNA (118 bp) and the long IGS 2 (2193–3310 bp). IGS 1 is phylogenetically less informative for the investigated Coniophoraceae species. 5S rDNA is transcribed in the reverse direction. IGS 2 contains extended repeat blocks of copies of different length. Intraspecific length polymorphism as a result of different copy number occurs inM. incrassataandL. pinastri. In combination with previous results, the full-length sequence of the rDNA repeat unit is available for important indoor wood-decay fungi. The various rDNA regions can now be used for future identification of unknown sequences by BLAST and also for phylogenetic studies.

Growth inhibition of wood-decay fungi by lignin-related aromatic compounds

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cédric Cabral Almada ◽  
Mathilde Montibus ◽  
Frédérique Ham-Pichavant ◽  
Sandra Tapin-Lingua ◽  
Gilles Labat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Aromatic Compounds ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi

Aliphatic acids as spore germination inhibitors of wood-decay fungi in vitro

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-339 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elmer L. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Spore Germination ◽  
Germ Tube ◽  
White Rot Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Malt Extract ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Aliphatic Acids ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi

Influences of eight saturated aliphatic acids (C5–C10, C12, and C16) on basidiospores of four isolates of wood-decay fungi (Poria tenuis and Trametes hispida, white rot fungi, and two isolates of the brown rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum) were observed in vitro. Spore responses after 24 h on malt extract agar containing 10, 102 or 103 ppm of each acid included normal germination, delay of germ tube emergence, vacuolation and degeneration of spore cytoplasm, and prevention of germ tube development without spore destruction. Acids of chain length C5–C10 prevented spore germination and killed spores of all fungi at concentrations of 20–50 ppm in media, whereas other acids tested were less active. Spore germination assay of decay fungi may prove useful as a screening tool to compare potency of wood preservatives.

The role of wood decay fungi in the carbon and nitrogen dynamics of the forest floor

2009 ◽  
pp. 151-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Watkinson ◽  
Dan Bebber ◽  
Peter Darrah ◽  
Mark Fricker ◽  
Monika Tlalka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forest Floor ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Nitrogen Dynamics ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Dynamics

Bioconversion of Heptachlor Epoxide by Wood-Decay Fungi and Detection of Metabolites

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 29-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Fei Xiao ◽  
Toshio Mori ◽  
Ryuichiro Kondo
Keyword(s):  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Heptachlor Epoxide ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Epoxide Ring ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi ◽  
Metabolic Products ◽  
Phlebia Brevispora

Although heptachlor epoxide is one of the most persistent organic pollutants (POPs) that cause serious environmental problems, there is very limited information of the biodegradation of heptachlor epoxide by microorganisms, and no systematic study on the metabolic products and pathway of endrin by microorganisms has been conducted. Wood-decay fungi can degrade a wide spectrum of recalcitrant organopollutants, including polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). In this study, 18 wood-decay fungi strains of genus Phlebia were investigated for their ability to degrade heptachlor epoxide, and Phlebia acanthocystis, Phlebia brevispora, Phlebia lindtneri and Phlebia aurea removed about 16, 16, 22 and 25% of heptachlor epoxide, respectively, after 14 days of incubation. Heptachlor diol and 1-hydroxy-2,3-epoxychlordene were detected in these fungal cultures as metabolites by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS), suggesting that the hydrolysis reaction in the epoxide ring and substitution of chlorine atom with hydroxyl group in C1 position occur in bioconversion of heptachlor epoxide by selected wood-decay fungi, respectively. This is the first report describing the metabolites of heptachlor epoxide by microorganisms.

scholarly journals Host-exclusivity and host-recurrence by wood decay fungi (Basidiomycota - Agaricomycetes) in Brazilian mangroves

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 566-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgea S. Nogueira-Melo ◽  
Paulo J. P. Santos ◽  
Tatiana B. Gibertoni
Keyword(s):  
Wood Decay ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi

scholarly journals Leaf extracts of Casearia sylvestris and Casearia decandra affect growth and production of ligninolytic enzymes in wood decay basidiomycetes

Hoehnea ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiara Siqueira Bento ◽  
Luce Maria Brandão Torres ◽  
Mauricio Batista Fialho ◽  
Vera Lúcia Ramos Bononi
Keyword(s):  
Wood Decay ◽  
Ligninolytic Enzymes ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
White Rot ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Pycnoporus Sanguineus ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi ◽  
Tropical Flora ◽  
Casearia Sylvestris

ABSTRACT White-rot basidiomycetes are able to deteriorate wood products and be pathogenic to living trees, requiring, thus requiring control. The tropical flora is an important source of eco-friendly antifungal compounds; however, the knowledge on how leaf extracts affect the fungal physiology is limited. Therefore, in the present work we investigated the influence of ethanolic leaf extracts of Casearia sylvestris and C. decandra at 0.1 mg mL-1 on the production of ligninolytic enzymes by Trametes villosa, Ganoderma australe and Pycnoporus sanguineus. Overall, the extracts inhibited the mycelial growth and the production of biomass. Additionally, C. sylvestris extract reduced the production of manganese peroxidase and laccase; however, the exposure to C. decandra extract resulted in variable responses. Therefore, enzymes related to lignin degradation are potential targets to control wood decay fungi by plant bioactive compounds, as their ability to colonize the substrate may be impaired.

scholarly journals Genomic and Transcriptomic Insight of Giant Sclerotium Formation of Wood-Decay Fungi

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuo Cao ◽  
Yang Yang ◽  
Guiqi Bi ◽  
David Nelson ◽  
Sheng Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Wood Decay ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Decay Fungi ◽  
Wood Decay Fungi ◽  
Wood Polysaccharides ◽  
Partial Genome ◽  
Sclerotium Formation

Many fungi form persistent and dormant sclerotia with compact hardened mycelia during unfavorable circumstances. While most of these sclerotia are small in size, Wolfiporia cocos, a wood-decay fungus, grows into giant sclerotia, which are mainly composed of polysaccharides of linear (1→3)-β-D-glucans. To explore the underlying mechanism of converting sophisticated wood polysaccharides for biosynthesis of highly homogenized glucans in W. cocos, we sequenced and assembled the genome of a cultivated W. cocos strain (WCLT) in China. The 62-Mb haploid genome contains 44.2% repeat sequences, of which, 48.0% are transposable elements (TEs). Contrary to the genome of W. cocos from North America, WCLT has independently undergone a partial genome duplication (PGD) event. The large-scale TE insertion and PGD occurrence overlapped with an archeological Pleistocene stage of low oxygen and high temperature, and these stresses might have induced the differences in sclerotium due to geographical distribution. The wood decomposition enzymes, as well as sclerotium-regulator kinases, aquaporins, and highly expanded gene families such as NAD-related families, together with actively expressed 1,3-β-glucan synthase for sclerotium polysaccharides, all have contributed to the sclerotium formation and expansion. This study shall inspire further exploration on how fungi convert wood into simple glucans in the sclerotium of W. cocos.

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