Determination of the natural durability of larch wood (Larix decidua Mill.) from the Western Italian Alps

Holzforschung ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 678-681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Gambetta ◽  
Debora Susco ◽  
Roberto Zanuttini
Keyword(s):  
Larix Decidua ◽  
Natural Durability ◽  
Italian Alps ◽  
Larch Wood

scholarly journals Mapping the Distribution of Buried Glacier Ice – An Example From Lago Delle Locce, Monte Rosa, Italian Alps

1986 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Haeberli ◽  
F. Epifani
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Seismic Refraction ◽  
Italian Alps ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Winter Snow ◽  
Glacier Ice ◽  
Geoelectrical Resistivity ◽  
Monte Rosa

Techniques for mapping the distribution of buried glacier ice are discussed and the results, from a study carried out within the framework of flood protection work in the Italian Alps, are presented. Bottom temperatures of the winter snow cover (BTS) primarily indicate the heat flow conditions in the underlying ground and mainly depend on the presence or absence of an ice layer beneath the surface. Determination of BTS values is therefore an inexpensive method for quickly mapping the near-surface underground ice in areas where there is 1 m or more of winter snow cover. At greater depths, and/or when more detail is required, geoelectrical resistivity soundings and seismic refraction soundings are most commonly used to investigate underground ice. A combination of the two sounding techniques allows the vertical extent and the main characteristics (frozen ground, dead glacier ice) to be determined in at least a semi-quantitative way. Complications mainly arise from irregularity in the horizontal extension of the studied underground ice bodies, and they may have to be overcome by expensive core drillings and borehole measurements. Widespread occurrence of buried glacier ice was observed in morainic deposits, surrounding an ice-dammed lake near Macugnaga, Italy.

Determination of Dihydroquercetin in Douglas Fir and Western Larch Wood

1958 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Barton ◽  
J. A. F. Gardner
Keyword(s):  
Douglas Fir ◽  
Western Larch ◽  
Larch Wood

scholarly journals Mapping the Distribution of Buried Glacier Ice – An Example From Lago Delle Locce, Monte Rosa, Italian Alps

1986 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 78-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Haeberli ◽  
F. Epifani
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Seismic Refraction ◽  
Italian Alps ◽  
Frozen Ground ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Winter Snow ◽  
Glacier Ice ◽  
Geoelectrical Resistivity ◽  
Monte Rosa

Techniques for mapping the distribution of buried glacier ice are discussed and the results, from a study carried out within the framework of flood protection work in the Italian Alps, are presented. Bottom temperatures of the winter snow cover (BTS) primarily indicate the heat flow conditions in the underlying ground and mainly depend on the presence or absence of an ice layer beneath the surface. Determination of BTS values is therefore an inexpensive method for quickly mapping the near-surface underground ice in areas where there is 1 m or more of winter snow cover. At greater depths, and/or when more detail is required, geoelectrical resistivity soundings and seismic refraction soundings are most commonly used to investigate underground ice. A combination of the two sounding techniques allows the vertical extent and the main characteristics (frozen ground, dead glacier ice) to be determined in at least a semi-quantitative way. Complications mainly arise from irregularity in the horizontal extension of the studied underground ice bodies, and they may have to be overcome by expensive core drillings and borehole measurements. Widespread occurrence of buried glacier ice was observed in morainic deposits, surrounding an ice-dammed lake near Macugnaga, Italy.

Prediction of natural durability of commercial available European and Siberian larch by near-infrared spectroscopy

Holzforschung ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 643-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Sykacek ◽  
Notburga Gierlinger ◽  
Rupert Wimmer ◽  
Manfred Schwanninger
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Siberian Larch ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Natural Durability ◽  
Site Conditions ◽  
Gloeophyllum Trabeum ◽  
Larch Wood ◽  
Larch Species

Abstract The natural durability of larch wood is described as being highly variable, ranging from non-durable to durable. In this study, FT-NIR spectroscopy was investigated for its ability to predict the natural durability of commercially available larch wood. Samples originated from approximately 60 European and 25 Siberian larch trees, provided by three Austrian-based wood industries. Natural durability tests were performed using the test fungi Gloeophyllum trabeum and Coniophora puteana. FT-NIR spectra were recorded and average spectra were calculated for calibration modelling. The models were strong [R2 (CV)=70.7–95.19, RMSEP=0.063–0.026] and showed better suitability with spectra acquired from radial surfaces compared to those from axial surfaces. The prediction model was valid across larch species (European and Siberian), so that exact knowledge of the growth and site conditions was not required.

Visual and machine grading of larch (Larix decidua Mill.) structural timber from the Italian Alps

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (7) ◽  
pp. 2681-2688 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brunetti ◽  
P. Burato ◽  
C. Cremonini ◽  
F. Negro ◽  
M. Nocetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Larix Decidua ◽  
Structural Timber ◽  
Italian Alps ◽  
Machine Grading

scholarly journals Comparative Surface Quality of Larch (Larix decidua Mill.) Fretwork Patterns Cut through by CNC Routing and by Laser

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6875
Author(s):  
Lidia Gurău ◽  
Camelia Coşereanu ◽  
Iulian Paiu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Quality ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Parameters ◽  
Larix Decidua ◽  
Feed Speed ◽  
Cutting Angle ◽  
Cnc Router ◽  
Wood Grain

Fretwork, as a decorating technique, can today be performed with modern means by laser or CNC routing, but the tool influence on the surface quality must be well un\]=[-poitrwjerstood for further optimization of the cutting parameters. The paper presents an experimental work for the determination of the influence of the cutting angle with respect to the grain on the surface quality of larch wood (Larix Decidua Mill.) cut through by laser and CNC routing at different feed speeds. The research considered geometric fretwork patterns derived from triangle, where the cutting angles with respect to the wood grain were 0°, 15°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75° and 90°. The feed speeds of the CNC routing were set for 2, 2.5, 3, 3.5 and 4 m/min. The surface quality was analyzed by a range of roughness, waviness and primary profile parameters combined with stereomicroscopic images. Although the principle of cutting and interaction with wood of the two processing tools, laser and CNC, is very different, the analysis with roughness parameters has revealed that the cutting angle with respect to the grain has an essential influence, whatever the cutting tool. The surface quality decreases with an increase in the feed speed of the CNC router and processing at 15° and 60° appears to be the worst option from all angle variants for both types of processing. Cutting by laser is melting wood in latewood areas resulting in a smoothing effect.

156. The ε-galactan of larch wood (Larix decidua)

1948 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 774-777 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. Campbell ◽  
E. L. Hirst ◽  
J. K. N. Jones
Keyword(s):  
Larix Decidua ◽  
Larch Wood
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