scholarly journals Relationship Between Growth Stress, Mechanical-Physical Properties and Proportion of Fibre with Gelatinous Layer in Chestnut (Castanea Sativa Mill.)

Holzforschung ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Clair ◽  
J. Ruelle ◽  
B. Thibaut
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Growth Stress ◽  
Gelatinous Layer ◽  
Basic Model ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill ◽  
Chestnut Wood

Summary A range of mechanical and physical properties were determined for 96 specimens of chestnut wood and for wood types ranging from compression to tension wood; tests included (1) growth stress, (2) longitudinal Young's modulus in green and air-dried states (3) shrinkage in longitudinal and tangential directions. Anatomical observations permitted determination of the proportion of fibres with a gelatinous layer. The influence of these atypical fibres on macroscopic wood properties is examined and discussed. A basic model is proposed to determine their properties in theoretically isolated conditions.

scholarly journals Extraction Methods and Their Influence on Yield When Extracting Thermo-Vacuum-Modified Chestnut Wood

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Maurizio D’Auria ◽  
Marisabel Mecca ◽  
Maria Roberta Bruno ◽  
Luigi Todaro
Keyword(s):  
Catalyst Support ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Extraction Technique ◽  
Extraction Techniques ◽  
Surface Color ◽  
Ms Analysis ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill ◽  
Molybdenum Catalysts ◽  
Chestnut Wood

Improvements in the yield and solubility of chestnut wood extractives, by using different extraction methods and molybdenum catalysts as support, have rarely been reported in literature. Many studies focus on the different parts of trees, except for the chemical characteristics of the remaining extractives achieved from thermally modified (THM) chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill) wood. This research seeks to better understand the effects of extraction techniques and catalysts on the yield and solubility of extractives. GC-MS analysis of the chloroform soluble and insoluble fractions was also used. Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) 110 °C, Soxhlet, and autoclave extraction techniques were used to obtain extractives from untreated and thermally modified (THM) chestnut wood (170 °C for 3 h). Ethanol/H2O, ethanol/toluene, and water were the solvents used for each technique. A polyoxometalate compound (H3PMo12O40) and MoO3 supported on silica were used as catalysts. The THM induced a change in the wood’s surface color (ΔE = 21.5) and an increase in mass loss (5.9%), while the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) was reduced by 17.4% compared to the control wood. The yields of the extractives and their solubility were always higher in THM and mainly used ASE as the technique. GC-MS analysis of the extractives, without catalyst support, showed different results for each extraction technique and type of wood (untreated and THM). Ultimately, the amount of extractive compound dissolved in each solvent will differ, and the choice of extraction technique will depend on the intended final application of the extracted chemical product.

scholarly journals The determination of microscopic fungi from Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) fruits, leaves, crust and pollen

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslava Kačániová ◽  
Janka Sudzinová ◽  
Miriam Kádasi-Horáková ◽  
Magdaléna Valšíková ◽  
Stanislav Kráčmar
Keyword(s):  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Host Organism ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill

The plant-microbial interactive relations with respect to determination of the mycoflora of theCastanea sativaMill. nuts, crust, leaves and pollen and their effect on the host organism in four Slovak regions were studied. In the experiments were isolated 7 genera and 10 species of microscopic fungi from the nut, crust and leaves. It was found, that isolates from theCastanea sativaMill. pollen were represented by 8 genera and 11 species of microscopic fungi.Alternaria,Cladosporium,MucorandRhizopusappeared to be the most frequently occurring genera of nuts, leaves and crust.Acremonium,Alternaria,Cladosporium,Fusarium,PenicilliumandTrichodermaare the most frequently fungi of pollen. On the base of further taxonomic determination from the generaAspergilluswere isolated and identified representatives of speciesA. flavus,A. fumigatus,A. ochraceus,A. terreusandA. versicolor. From the generaFusariumwas isolatedF. oxysporumand fromPenicilliumgenera were isolatedP. crustosumandP. glabrum. It is necessary to underline that the isolated generaAspergillus,FusariumandPenicilliumare considered as the most important producers of mycotoxins.

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF CHESTNUT WOOD QUALITY (CASTANEA SATIVA MILL.)

2008 ◽  
pp. 147-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Louzada ◽  
M.E. Silva ◽  
S.B. Castro ◽  
S.P. Oliveira ◽  
J. Morais
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Wood Quality ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill ◽  
Chestnut Wood

scholarly journals Effect of waterlogging on physical and mechanical properties of Samanea saman (Jacq.) Merr. tree

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Elias ◽  
AK Das ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MA Islam
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Waterlogged Area ◽  
Mechanical And Physical Properties ◽  
Samanea Saman

This research intends to explore the mechanical and physical properties of waterlogged rain tree (Samanea saman). The variation of mechanical and physical wood properties grown in waterlogged and non-waterlogged area were studied. Four trees of the species were selected from two areas. Important mechanical and physical properties were examined for the wood of two types of trees Oven dry density for the wood of waterlogged tree was 420 kg/m3 whether it was 550 kg/m3 for the wood of non-waterlogged tree. The MOR of wood of waterlogged tree was 58.2 N/mm2 and wood of non-waterlogged tree produced 78.1 N/mm2. The MOE of the wood of waterlogged tree and non-waterlogged tree were 1478 and 4876 N/mm2. The physical and mechanical properties were lower for the wood of waterlogged tree. Such findings may in proper uses of the species.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 52(1), 49-52, 2017

Physical and mechanical wood properties of ring-shaken chestnut (Castanea sativa) trees

2013 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 200-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Romagnoli ◽  
S. Spina
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Wood Properties ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Lazio Region ◽  
Cambial Age ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill

Ring shake is a defect that strongly affects chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) use and its occurrence is known to be mainly related to mechanical stress within a tree; however, few investigations have compared the physico-mechanical properties of healthy and shaken trees. Hence, the aim of this study is to compare the density, compression strength, bending strength (MOR), and shrinkages between healthy and shaken trees in coppice stands. The investigation was carried out in the Lazio Region in central Italy in trees with a cambial age between 6 and 25 years. The results showed that shaken trees had lower mechanical strength and shrinkages than healthy ones and that the physico-mechanical parameters might be used to predict ring shake occurrence in a specific geographic area. Geographical location strongly affected the physico-mechanical properties of the chestnut wood, and this factor influenced ring shake occurrence. MOR value was assumed to be the parameter that could be applied at almost all study sites to distinguish between shaken and healthy trees. There was no difference between the shaken and healthy portions of a disk inside the same tree.

scholarly journals Determination of the friction coefficients of chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) sawn timber

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (34) ◽  
pp. 65-77
Author(s):  
José Ramón Villar-García ◽  
Pablo Vidal-López ◽  
Antonio J. Corbacho ◽  
Manuel Moya
Keyword(s):  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Friction Coefficients ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill ◽  
Sawn Timber
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