Performance of Waterborne Cu(II) Octanoate/Ethanolamine Wood Preservatives

Holzforschung ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Humar ◽  
F. Pohleven ◽  
M. Šentjurc ◽  
M. Veber ◽  
P. Razpotnik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Octanoic Acid ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Wood Preservative ◽  
Wood Preservatives ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Coordination Environment ◽  
All Solutions ◽  
Leaching Experiments ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic ◽  
Preservative Solutions

Summary Various aqueous wood preservative solutions containing Cu(II) in the form of copper(II) sulphate or copper(II) octanoate, ethanolamine and in one case octanoic acid were investigated by spectrophotometry, polarography and Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Results have shown the same coordination environment around Cu(II) in all solutions with ethanolamine. Computer simulation of the EPR spectra also revealed that the coordination in the first coordination sphere of copper is the same at low concentration of ethanolamine. At 20% ethanolamine concentration, a mixture of two complexes (one with two nitrogens and the other with three) could be detected. The active compound in the investigated ethanolamine containing solutions is the same when previously synthesised copper(II) octanoate was used, or when copper(II) sulphate and octanoic acid were utilized instead. Fungicidal and leaching experiments with the treated wood resulted in the same conclusion: it is not necessary to use pre-synthesised copper(II) octanoate for the preparation of waterborne copper/ethanolamine wood preservatives. Preservative preparation time and costs can be reduced by simply dissolving copper(II) sulphate and octanoic acid in aqueous ethanolamine solutions.

Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopic (EPR) Study of Copper Amine Treated Southern Pine in Wood Preservation

Holzforschung ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 343-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Zhang ◽  
D. P. Kamdem
Keyword(s):  
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Copper Complexes ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Wood Preservation ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Electronic Parameters ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic ◽  
Copper Amine

Summary The structure of copper complexes in copper amine treated wood samples were elucidated by the application of electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR). EPR axial spectra were observed for all Cu-amine treated samples irrespective of the formulations. The values of A∥ and g∥ of the axial spectra indicate that the stereo-structure of copper complexes in copper amine treated wood was either tetragonal-based octahedral or square-based pyramidal. Comparison of electronic parameters of A∥ and g∥ in Cu-amine treated wood with those of the Cu-amine treating solution and the values in literature suggests that the interaction of wood with copper amine is through complexation in which wood functional groups are complexed with copper amine perpendicularly. The copper complexes in both treating solution and treated wood are in the form of CuN2O2, where copper is ligated with 2 nitrogen and 2 oxygen.

Quantification of mobilized copper(II) levels in micronized copper-treated wood by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy

Holzforschung ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (7) ◽  
pp. 815-823 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Xue ◽  
Pierre Kennepohl ◽  
John N.R. Ruddick
Keyword(s):  
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Epr Spectroscopy ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Spectral Parameters ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Acid Reaction ◽  
Epr Signal ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic ◽  
Reference Samples

Abstract Sapwood sawdust from southern pine was treated with micronized copper (MC) under various conditions and the mobilized copper(II) (Cumob) concentrations were determined in the treated wood by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The spectral parameters for the copper sulfate (CuSO4)-treated sapwood and those of the MC-treated sapwood were very similar. A linear correlation was found between the intensities of copper (Cu) EPR spectra and those of Cu energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy in a series of CuSO4-treated sapwood reference samples. Thus, the EPR signal intensities could be reliably correlated to the mass of reacted Cu present using this calibration curve. The amount of the Cumob in sawdust treated by MC suspensions increased during the first 2–3 days after the initial treatment and then reached a maximum during the 7-day monitoring period. In the case of the treatment with MC alone or MC azole, an increased MC concentration led to an elevated amount of Cu (to a maximum of ∼0.23% Cu) solubilized by the sapwood. If the wood was treated with MC quat, the Cumob initially increased, but at higher concentrations the Cumob content decreased, due to the interference by the quat cobiocide on the acid reaction between the wood and the basic Cu carbonate. An examination of commercially-treated wood confirmed the laboratory observations.

scholarly journals Coordination Environment of Copper Sites in Cu-CHA Zeolite Investigated by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance

2014 ◽  
Vol 118 (40) ◽  
pp. 23126-23138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Godiksen ◽  
Frederick N. Stappen ◽  
Peter N. R. Vennestrøm ◽  
Filippo Giordanino ◽  
Søren Birk Rasmussen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Coordination Environment ◽  
Copper Sites ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic

scholarly journals Multiple Analysis and Characterization of Novel and Environmentally Friendly Feather Protein-Based Wood Preservatives

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Xia ◽  
Chengye Ma ◽  
Hanmin Wang ◽  
Shaoni Sun ◽  
Jialong Wen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retention Rate ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Wood Preservative ◽  
Decay Resistance ◽  
Wood Preservatives ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Nano Graphene

In this study, feather was used as the source of protein and combined with copper and boron salts to prepare wood preservatives with nano-hydroxyapatite or nano-graphene oxide as nano-carriers. The treatability of preservative formulations, the changes of chemical structure, micromorphology, crystallinity, thermal properties and chemical composition of wood cell walls during the impregnation and decay experiment were investigated by retention rate of the preservative, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electronic microscopy-energy dispersive spectrometer (SEM-EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermoanalysis (TG), and confocal Raman microscopy (CRM) techniques. Results revealed that the preservatives (particularly with nano-carrier) successfully penetrated wood blocks, verifying the enhanced effectiveness of protein-based preservative with nano-carrier formulations. Decay experiment demonstrated that the protein-based wood preservative can remarkably improve the decay resistance of the treated wood samples, and it is an effective, environmentally friendly wood preservative. Further analysis of these three preservative groups confirmed the excellent function of nano-hydroxyapatite as a nano-carrier, which can promote the chelation of preservatives with higher content of effective preservatives.

Detection of Inorganic Wood Preservatives on Timber by near Infrared Spectroscopy

1998 ◽  
Vol 6 (A) ◽  
pp. A171-A173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Feldhoff ◽  
Thomas Huth-Fehre ◽  
Karl Cammann
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Untreated Wood ◽  
Wood Preservative ◽  
Wood Preservatives ◽  
Copper Salts ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Waste Wood

The recycling of waste wood causes great problems due to the variety of toxic wood preservatives, varnishes and paints used. The fast and reliable distinction and sorting of treated and untreated wood on demolition sites could open new ways of wood recycling, e. g. for the production of chip boards. For this purpose, prepared wood samples treated with inorganic wood preservatives (arsenic, boron, copper salts) were investigated by near infrared-spectroscopy. In most cases, treated wood samples could be distinguished from untreated ones. Furthermore the type of wood preservative could be identified. The observed spectral features are electronic absorption bands and changes in the OH–band due to interaction with salt molecules.

Investigation of copper solubilization and reaction in micronized copper treated wood by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy

Holzforschung ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 889-895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Xue ◽  
Pierre Kennepohl ◽  
John N.R. Ruddick
Keyword(s):  
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Copper Sulfate ◽  
Epr Spectroscopy ◽  
Copper Complexes ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Spectral Parameters ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Copper Species ◽  
Sulfate Solutions ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic

Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the reaction chemistry of micronized copper and alkaline copper treatments with wood and to determine how fast copper is solubilized during the reaction between the acidic functionality in wood and the basic copper carbonate (CuCO3). Copper species produced in wood by various treatment methods were analyzed by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The effects of time and solution concentration on the spectral parameters of copper complexes in sawdust treated with copper sulfate solutions were examined, followed by study on the structure and the rate of formation of the copper complexes in sawdust treated with basic CuCO3 suspension. The study further attempted to identify the soluble copper species formed in wood during treatment with micronized copper preservatives. Comparisons were made among the fixed copper complexes in wood treated with micronized copper preservatives, copper sulfate solutions, basic CuCO3 suspensions and alkaline copper solution. The results showed rapid formation of fixed copper complexes in wood treated with aqueous suspensions of basic CuCO3. These complexes can resist leaching, and they have similar stereochemistry to those formed between wood and copper sulfate. This finding supports the premises that soluble copper is generated during the treatment of sawdust with basic CuCO3, and it can bond to wood cell components by migrating into the cell wall in a manner similar to other soluble copper species. Such copper complexes formed are different from those of alkaline copper treated wood, which can be easily distinguished by EPR.

Chromium(III) complexes with 1,2,4-diazaphospholide and 2,6-bis(N-1,2,4-diazaphosphol-1-yl) pyridine ligands: synthesis, X-ray structural characterization, EPR spectroscopy analysis, and magnetic susceptibility studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (7) ◽  
pp. 795-802
Author(s):  
Jing Su ◽  
Lian Duan ◽  
Wenjun Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Magnetic Moment ◽  
Epr Spectroscopy ◽  
Electron Configuration ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Paramagnetic Resonance ◽  
Coordination Environment ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pyridine Ligands ◽  
Electron Paramagnetic

AbstractThree chromium(III) 1,2,4-diazaphospholide complexes were prepared: 3,5-di-tert-butyl-1,2,4-diazaphospholide chromium(III) dichloride [(η2-3,5-tBu2dp)Cr(THF)2Cl2] (1), 3,5-di-phenyl-1,2,4-diazaphospholide chromium(III) dichloride [(η2-3,5-Ph2dp)Cr(THF)2Cl2] (2), and 2,6-bis(N-1,2,4-diazaphosphol-1-yl)pyridine chromium(III) trichloride {[2,6-bis(N-1,2,4-diazaphosphol-1-yl)pyridine]CrCl3} (3). X-ray diffraction analysis has shown that these six-coordinate complexes each have a pseudo-octahedral configuration. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy data for complex 1 for the paramagnetic S = 3/2 system (d3 electron configuration) confirm a Cr(III) center in the octahedral coordination environment. The magnetic susceptibility of complex 1 followed the Curie–Weiss law well between 25 and 300 K. The magnetic moment of 1 was found to be close to the spin-only magnetic moment expected for three unpaired electrons (3.87 μB).

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