Transverse Young's Moduli and Cell Shapes in Coniferous Early Wood

Holzforschung ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugai Watanabe ◽  
Minoru Fujita ◽  
Misato Norimoto
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Young’S Moduli ◽  
Cell Shapes ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Square Cells ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
The Relationship

Summary The relationship between transverse Young's moduli and cell shapes in coniferous early wood was investigated using cell models constructed by two dimensional power spectrum analysis. The calculated values of tangential Young's modulus qualitatively explained the relationship between experimental values and density as well as the difference in experimental values among species. The calculated values of radial Young's modulus for the species having hexagonal cells agreed well with the experimental values, whereas, for the species having square cells, the calculated values were much larger than the experimental values. This result was ascribed to the fact that the bending moment on the radial cell wall of square cell models was calculated to be small. It is suggested that the asymmetrical shape of real wood cells or the behavior of nodes during ell deformation is an important factor in the mechanism of linear elastic deformation of wood cells.

Tangential Youngs Modulus of Coniferous Early Wood Investigated Using Cell Models

Holzforschung ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ugai Watanabe ◽  
Misato Norimoto ◽  
Toshimasa Ohgama ◽  
Minoru Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Cell Model ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Cell Models ◽  
Young’S Moduli ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Radial Cell Wall ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
The Relationship

Summary The relationship between the tangential Young's modulus and the transverse cell shape in coniferous early wood was investigated by using cell models constructed by power spectrum analysis. The calculated Young's moduli of the cell models explained qualitatively the change of the experimental Young's moduli with density as well as the difference in the experimental values among species. The calculated Young's moduli differed significantly among species depending on the cell model shapes when compared at the same density. With increasing element angle in the model, the Young's modulus greatly increased without a significant change in the density, especially at the larger ratios of the axial length of the tangential cell wall to that of the radial cell wall.

Comparison of results obtained by static 3- and 4-point bending and flexural vibration tests on solid wood, MDF, and 5-plywood

Holzforschung ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 941-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Yoshihara
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Medium Density Fiberboard ◽  
Flexural Vibration ◽  
Solid Wood ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Flexural Vibration Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Vibration Tests

Abstract The flexural Young’s modulus of western hemlock, medium-density fiberboard, and 5-plywood (made of lauan) has been determined by conducting three- and four-point bending tests with various span lengths and by flexural vibration test. The Young’s modulus was significantly influenced by the deflection measurement method. In particular, the Young’s modulus was not reliable based on the difference between the deflections at two specific points in the specimen, although this test is standardized according to ISO 3349-1975 and JIS Z2101-2009.

Prediction of Springback in Metal Forming of Diaphragm of Automotive Horn Based on BPANN

2010 ◽  
Vol 139-141 ◽  
pp. 594-599
Author(s):  
Yan Qiu Zhang ◽  
Shu Yong Jiang ◽  
Yu Feng Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Metal Forming ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Steel Strip ◽  
Back Propagation ◽  
Spring Steel ◽  
Yield Ratio ◽  
Punch Radius ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
The Relationship

The spring steel strip 50CrVA which is cold rolled was applied to manufacture the diaphragm of the automotive horn by means of sheet metal forming. The combination of the experiments with back-propagation artificial neural network (BPANN) is used to solve the springback problem of the diaphragm. Experiments have shown that a 4-8-1 BPANN is able to predict the springback of the diaphragm successfully, and the network is able to model the relationship between the springback of the diaphragm and the process parameters rationally. BPANN simulation results and experimental ones have shown that the springback of the diaphragm is particularly influenced by such parameters as blank thickness, Young’s modulus, punch radius and yield ratio. Furthermore, the springback of the diaphragm decreases with the increase of blank thickness and Young’s modulus, but increases with the increase of punch radius and yield ratio.

Modified Model for Static Behavior of Microcantilever Gas Sensor Adsorbed with Monolayer Molecules

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 455-459
Author(s):  
Xiao Ming Wang ◽  
Fei Wang ◽  
Xue Zeng Zhao ◽  
Da Lei Jing
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Curvature Radius ◽  
Static Behavior ◽  
Neutral Layer ◽  
Modified Model ◽  
Adsorbed Molecules ◽  
Microcantilever Sensors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Layer Position

The modified static bending model of microcantilever with monolayer molecules has been established based on energy method, in which the change in neutral layer position caused by adsorption-induced stress has been considered. On this basis, we have analyzed the relationship between the bending curvature radius of a microcantilever with its thickness, Young’s modulus and molecule-molecule distance of adsorbed molecules when it is adsorbed with monolayer water molecules. Additionally, we have investigated the effect of change in neutral layer position on the static behavior of microcantilever sensors and have found that: 1) the bending curvature radius of microcantilever is affected by its Young’s modulus, thickness and distance of adsorbed molecules respectively; 2)the predicted error of bending curvature radius caused by the change in neutral layer position slightly increases with decreasing Young’s modulus and thickness, whereas the effect of distance between adsorbed molecules on the error is significant.

THE INFLUENCE OF SEX HORMONES ON THE BONY CHANGES OCCURRING IN PARALYSED LIMBS

1954 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. GILLESPIE
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Bending Moment ◽  
Breaking Point ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Breaking Stress ◽  
Young’S Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Ash Weight

SUMMARY 1. Paralysis, produced in young male rats by avulsion of peripheral nerves, resulted in a highly significant reduction in the total weight, ash weight, ash percentage, X-ray density and bending moment at the breaking point, of the bones of the affected limb. The breaking stress was significantly reduced, but Young's modulus of elasticity was unaltered. 2. Certain of these changes were modified by treatment with sex hormones. Both oestradiol and testosterone significantly reduced the difference between the bones of the normal and paralysed limbs in respect of total weight, ash weight and bending moment at the breaking point. 3. Treatment with oestradiol significantly increased both the ash percentage and Young's modulus of elasticity, the increase affecting equally the bones of the normal and paralysed limbs. Testosterone treatment did not significantly affect either of these properties, and neither hormone affected the breaking stress.

scholarly journals The Elastic Constants of the Single Crystal of the Mg-Zn-Zr-REM Alloy from the Data of the Elastic Anisotropy and the Texture of the Polycrystalline Sheet

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
S. V. San’kova ◽  
N. M. Shkatulyak ◽  
V. V. Usov ◽  
N. A. Volchok
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Elastic Constants ◽  
Elastic Anisotropy ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Rare Earth Metals ◽  
Alloy Sheet ◽  
Pole Figures ◽  
Integral Characteristics ◽  
Experimental Values

The measuring of the constants of single-crystals requires the availability of crystals of relatively big size. In this paper the elastic constants of the single crystals of magnesium alloy with zinc, zirconium, and rare earth metals (REM) were determined by means of the experimental anisotropy of Young’s modulus and integral characteristics of texture (ICT), which were found from pole figures. Using these constants the anisotropy of Young’s modulus of alloy sheet ZE10 was calculated. Deviation of calculated values from experimental values did not exceed 2%.

Calculation of the parameters of mechanical properties of the heart muscle

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 42-52
Author(s):  
S. A. Muslov ◽  
◽  
A. I. Lotkov ◽  
S. D. Arutyunov ◽  
T. M. Albakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Elastic Constants ◽  
Heart Muscle ◽  
Human Heart ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Experimental Values ◽  
Two Parameter

A review of studies of the mechanical properties of human and animal heart tissues has been performed. Based on literature data, a form of approximating function is found for the dependence of the Young’s modulus of the ventricles of the human heart on the magnitude of the deformation. The average values of the Young’s modulus and other elastic constants were calculated and compared with the known experimental values. The coefficients C1 and C2 of the two-parameter hyperelastic myocardial Mooney-Rivlin model are calculated.

Effect of the Quenching Temperature on the Phase Composition and Youngʹs Modulus of Corrosion-Resistant and Biocompatible Titanium Alloys

2019 ◽  
Vol 946 ◽  
pp. 309-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatoly G. Illarionov ◽  
S.V. Grib ◽  
A.V. Huppeev
Keyword(s):  
Phase Composition ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Quenching Temperature ◽  
Thermo Calc Software ◽  
Extreme Change ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Micro Indentation

The relationship between the phase composition and the Young’s modulus in quenched PT-7M, Ti-6Al-7Nb, BT16 titanium alloys has been studied using the structural analysis, thermodynamic calculations in the Thermo-Calc software and micro-indentation. It is found that the nature of the change in the Young’s modulus in the investigated titanium alloys after quenching from the two-phase α+β-region depends on the chemical composition of the alloy, which determines the nature of the observed metastable phases (α', α", ω, β). The correlation between the extreme change in the Young’s modulus from the quenching temperature and the so-called interatomic bonding force (Fb) calculated from the electronic structure parameters of the α, α', β phases was shown for the Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy. The relationship between the limits of the Young’s modulus of the investigated alloys during quenching with the level of their alloying with α-and β-stabilizers is shown.

scholarly journals The relationship between the Young’s modulus and dry etching rate of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew L. Fitzgerald ◽  
Sara Tsai ◽  
Leon M. Bellan ◽  
Rebecca Sappington ◽  
Yaqiong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Etching Rate ◽  
Dry Etching ◽  
The Relationship
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