Wood Preservation Based on In situ Polymerization of Bioactive Monomers. Part 2. Fungal Resistance and Thermal Properties of Treated Wood

Holzforschung ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca E. Ibach ◽  
Roger M. Rowell
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Brown Rot ◽  
Fungal Resistance ◽  
Wood Preservation ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Treatment Level ◽  
Gloeophyllum Trabeum ◽  
Crosslinker Concentration

Summary This paper is the second in a two-part series on in situ polymerization of bioactive monomers as an alternative to conventional preservative treatments. In this part of the study, bioactive monomers were evaluated for their ability to provide resistance to decay and protection against fire. Five bioactive monomers were synthesized: (1) pentachlorophenolyl acrylate (PCPA), (2) tributyltin acrylate (TBTA), (3) 8-hydroxyquinolyl acrylate (HQA), (4) 5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxyquinolyl acrylate (DBHQA), and (5) diethyl-N1N-bis (acryloxyethyl) aminomethyl phosphonate (Fyrol 6 acrylate, F6A). Southern pine sapwood samples were treated with acrylate solutions at different retention levels and with various amounts of crosslinker (trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, TMPTM), then polymerized in situ. Methyl methacrylate (MMA) was used as the control. Biological resistance to the brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum was determined on acetone-leached and unleached samples. PCPA showed some biological efficacy in the absence of crosslinker, but otherwise provided no more protection than did MMA alone. TBTA was biologically effective at all retention levels except with crosslinker concentration ≥10 %. HQA was biologically effective at ≥ 2% retention. F6A was not biologically effective, although unleached wood treated with 10% F6A and 5% or no crosslinker showed some resistance to decay. The 5% DBHQA plus 5% crosslinker treatment was biologically effective in both leached and unleached wood. The effects of the highest treatment level of each monomer, after polymerization, were also evaluated by thermogravimetric analysis. All treatments provided some resistance to fire. The best treatment was 10 % F6A, which resulted in the lowest mass loss (67.0 %) and the lowest maximum temperature of pyrolysis (308.5 °C).

Wood Preservation Based on In situ Polymerization of Bioactive Monomers. Part 1. Synthesis of Bioactive Monomers, Wood Treatments and Microscopic Analysis

Holzforschung ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca E. Ibach ◽  
Roger M. Rowell
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Microscopic Analysis ◽  
Wood Preservation ◽  
Tetrabromobisphenol A ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Covalently Bonded ◽  
Acrylate Monomers ◽  
Scanning Electron

Summary In situ polymerization of bioactive monomers was investigated as an alternative to conventional preservative treatments. The results are presented in a series of two papers. In Part 1 of the study, six acrylate monomers with covalently bonded, potentially bioactive moieties were synthesized: (1) pentachlorophenolyl acrylate (PCPA), (2) tributyltin acrylate (TBTA), (3) 8-hydroxyquinolyl acrylate (HQA), (4) 5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxyquinolyl acrylate (DBHQA), (5) diethyl-N1N-bis(acryloxyethyl) aminomethyl phosphonate (Fyrol 6 acrylate, F6A), and (6) tetrabromobisphenol A acrylate (TBBPAA). All of these acrylates, except F6A, were purified. Southern pine sapwood samples were treated with acrylate solutions (except TBBPAA) at different retention levels and various amounts of crosslinker (trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate, TMPTM), polymerized in situ, and then acetone leached. The relative amount and location of the polymer in earlywood and latewood of selected samples were determined by scanning electron microscopy and x-ray analysis. Distribution of the compounds varied with treatment. Biological and thermal properties of the treated wood are discussed in Part 2 of this series.

scholarly journals In situ polymerization of polypyrrole on cotton fabrics as flexible electrothermal materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 155892501982744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Xie ◽  
Wei Pan ◽  
Zheng Guo ◽  
Shan Shan Jiao ◽  
Ling Ping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis

Polypyrrole/cotton composites have substantial application potential in flexible heating devices due to their flexibility, high conductivity, and thermal stability. In this context, a series of flexible polypyrrole/cotton fabrics were intrinsically prepared using in situ polymerization process with the different Py/FeCl3 concentration ratios. To investigate their structural and morphological properties, thermal stability, tensile strength, conductivity, and heat-generating property, the composite fabrics were subjected to Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermo-gravimetric analysis, mechanical properties, and resistivity measurements. The results showed that polypyrrole/cotton fabrics exhibited a low resistivity of 0.37 Ω cm. Temperature–time curve showed that temperature of the polypyrrole/cotton fabrics increased very quickly from room temperature to a steady-state maximum temperature of 168.3°C within 3 min at applied voltage of 5 V. Tensile strength of polypyrrole/cotton composites reached to 58 MPa, which far surpassed raw cotton fabrics. Therefore, polypyrrole/cotton fabrics have exhibited high electrical, thermal properties, and mechanical strength, which can be utilized as an ideal flexible heating element.

scholarly journals Fungal decay resistance of wood reacted with phosphorus pentoxide-amine system

Holzforschung ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-L. Lee ◽  
G.C. Chen ◽  
R.M. Rowell
Keyword(s):  
Brown Rot ◽  
Decay Resistance ◽  
Phosphorus Pentoxide ◽  
White Rot ◽  
White Rot Fungus ◽  
Gloeophyllum Trabeum ◽  
Brown Rot Fungus ◽  
Nitro Derivatives ◽  
Amine System

Abstract Resistance of wood reacted in situ with phosphorus pentoxide-amine to the brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum and white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor was examined. Wood reacted with either octyl, tribromo, or nitro derivatives were more resistant to both fungi. Threshold retention values of phosphoramide-reacted wood to white-rot fungus T. versicolor ranged from 2.9 to 13.3 mmol, while these for brown-rot fungus G. trabeum ranged from 8.1 to 19.2 mmol. Wood reacted with phosphoramide tested to be more resistant to white-rot than brown-rot attack.

Improvement in mechanical, physical and biological properties of eucalyptus and pine woods by raw pine resin in situ polymerization

2021 ◽  
Vol 166 ◽  
pp. 113495
Author(s):  
Andrey Pereira Acosta ◽  
Kelvin Techera Barbosa ◽  
Sandro Campos Amico ◽  
André Luiz Missio ◽  
Rafael de Avila Delucis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Polymerization ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Pine Resin

Juvenile and Mature Pinewoods Treated by in situ Polymerization with Poly(vinyl acetate)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Acosta ◽  
Ezequiel Gallio ◽  
Paula Zanatta ◽  
Henrique Schulz ◽  
Rafael de Avila Delucis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
In Situ Polymerization
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