Poly(phenylene sulfide) – some news on an old polymerization

e-Polymers ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Haubs ◽  
Reinhard Wagener
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Model ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Cleavage Reaction ◽  
Chain Cleavage ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
Step Growth Polymerization ◽  
Considerable Discussion ◽  
End Group ◽  
Phenylene Sulfide

AbstractHigh performance thermoplastic poly(p-phenylene sulfide) (PPS) is commercially produced from sodium sulfide and p-dichlorobenzene:Na-S-Na + Cl-(C6H4)-Cl → -[C6H4S]- + 2 NaClAt a first glance, this looks like a classical step growth polymerization of the A-A + B-B type. There has been considerable discussion and scientific investigation about the reaction mechanism. Today, it is accepted that PPS polymerization is a step growth polymerization with chain length dependent end group reactivities. This paper suggests to add a polymer chain cleavage reaction to the known kinetic model in order to improve the fit of experimental observation and modeling results. Implications of this reaction kinetic model for the design and engineering of an optimized PPS polymerization process are discussed.

Poly(p-phenylene sulfide) Synthesis:  A Step-Growth Polymerization with Unequal Step Reactivity

1997 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darryl R. Fahey ◽  
Harvey D. Hensley ◽  
Carlton E. Ash ◽  
Dwayne R. Senn
Keyword(s):  
Step Growth ◽  
Step Growth Polymerization ◽  
Phenylene Sulfide

Two-stage self-seeding method for preparation of single crystals of poly(phenylene sulfide)

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 368-369
Author(s):  
Sengshiu Chung ◽  
Peggy Cebe
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Dilute Solution ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Annealing Behavior ◽  
High Performance Polymers ◽  
Seeding Method ◽  
Phenylene Sulfide

We are studying the crystallization and annealing behavior of high performance polymers, like poly(p-pheny1ene sulfide) PPS, and poly-(etheretherketone), PEEK. Our purpose is to determine whether PPS, which is similar in many ways to PEEK, undergoes reorganization during annealing. In an effort to address the issue of reorganization, we are studying solution grown single crystals of PPS as model materials.Observation of solution grown PPS crystals has been reported. Even from dilute solution, embrionic spherulites and aggregates were formed. We observe that these morphologies result when solutions containing uncrystallized polymer are cooled. To obtain samples of uniform single crystals, we have used two-stage self seeding and solution replacement techniques.

scholarly journals Resin and carbon foam production by cationic step-growth polymerization of organic carbonates

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Wöckel ◽  
A. Seifert ◽  
C. Mende ◽  
I. Roth-Panke ◽  
L. Kroll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Controlled Release ◽  
Carbon Foam ◽  
Organic Carbonates ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
Step Growth Polymerization ◽  
Foam Production

Acid induced step-growth polymerizations of bis(p-methoxybenzyl) carbonate (pMBC), bis(m-methoxybenzyl) carbonate (mMBC) and difurfuryl carbonate (DFC) have been performed to produce resin-foams, because controlled release of carbon dioxide takes place during polymerization of those organic carbonates.

Designing Soft Reactive Adhesives by Controlling Polymer Chemistry

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 424-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnès Aymonier ◽  
Eric Papon
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Ease Of Use ◽  
Large Strains ◽  
Structural Adhesives ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Step Growth ◽  
Visible Irradiation ◽  
Step Growth Polymerization ◽  
Uv Visible ◽  
Activation Heat

AbstractSoft reactive adhesives (SRAs) are polymer-based materials (e.g., polyurethanes, polysiloxanes, polydienes) designed to be further vulcanized or slightly cross-linked through external activation (heat, moisture, oxygen, UV–visible irradiation, etc.), either at the time of their application or within a subsequent predefined period. They are used mainly as mastics, or sealing compounds, in a wide range of industrial and commercial fields such as construction, footwear, and the automotive industry. Generally deposited as thick films, SRAs behave as structural adhesives; their low elastic moduli accommodate large strains between the bonded parts without incurring permanent damage. Other outstanding attributes of SRAs are their resistance to solvents, their ability to withstand aggressive environments, and their ease of use. This article discusses examples of SRAs and, more specifically, shows how the cross-linking chemistry, mainly through step-growth polymerization, provides their primary advantages.

The growth and assembly of the multidimensional hierarchical Ni3S2 for aqueous asymmetric supercapacitors

CrystEngComm ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 4495-4501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Yang ◽  
Lei Yu ◽  
Qi Liu ◽  
Jingyuan Liu ◽  
Wanlu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Hydrothermal Process ◽  
Nanorod Arrays ◽  
Asymmetric Supercapacitors ◽  
One Step ◽  
Step Growth

We synthesized the mushroom-like Ni3S2 with step by step growth that is the thin film growing on the nanorod arrays with one-step hydrothermal process, which is a novel ways to fabricate the multidimensional hierarchical electrode materials for high performance energy storage.

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