Asphaltene precipitation from heavy oil mixed with binary and ternary solvent blends

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier A. Rivero-Sanchez ◽  
Francisco Ramos-Pallares ◽  
Florian F. Schoeggl ◽  
Harvey W. Yarranton
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Binary Solvents ◽  
Binary Interaction ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Asphaltene Precipitation ◽  
Temperature Dependent ◽  
Solution Approach ◽  
Binary Interaction Parameters ◽  
Solvent Blends ◽  
Do So

Abstract Models are required to predict the onset and precipitation of asphaltenes from mixtures of heavy oil and solvents for a variety of heavy oil applications. The regular solution approach is well suited for this objective but has not yet been tested on solvent mixtures. To do so, the onset and amount of asphaltene precipitation were measured and modeled for mixtures of heavy oil with solvent blends made up from n-alkanes, cyclohexane, and toluene at temperatures of 21 and 180 °C and pressures of 0.1 and 10 MPa. Temperature dependent binary interaction parameters (BIP) between the cyclohexane/asphaltene and toluene/asphaltene pseudo-component pairs were proposed to match the data. All other BIP were set to zero. The model with BIP determined from asphaltene precipitation in heavy oil and binary solvents predicted asphaltene precipitation from heavy oil and ternary solvent blends, generally to within the experimental error.

Experimental and Theoretical Determination of Diffusion Coefficients of CO2-Heavy Oil Systems by Coupling Heat and Mass Transfer

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sixu Zheng ◽  
Daoyong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Diffusion Coefficient ◽  
Heat And Mass Transfer ◽  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Binary Interaction ◽  
Co2 Diffusion ◽  
Explicitly Correlated ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Binary Interaction Parameters

By treating heavy oil as multiple pseudocomponents, techniques have been developed to experimentally and theoretically determine diffusion coefficients of CO2-heavy oil systems by coupling heat and mass transfer together with consideration of swelling effect. Experimentally, diffusion tests have been conducted for hot CO2-heavy oil systems with three different temperatures under a constant pressure by using a visualized pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) setup. The swelling of liquid phase in the PVT cell is continuously monitored and recorded during the measurements. Theoretically, a two-dimensional (2D) mathematical model incorporating the volume-translated Peng–Robinson equation of state (PR EOS) with a modified alpha function has been developed to describe heat and mass transfer for hot CO2-heavy oil systems. Heavy oil sample has been characterized as three pseudocomponents for accurately quantifying phase behavior of the CO2-heavy oil systems, while the binary interaction parameters (BIPs) are tuned with the experimentally measured saturation pressures. The diffusion coefficient of hot CO2 in heavy oil is then determined once the discrepancy between the experimentally measured dynamic swelling factors and theoretically calculated ones has been minimized. During the diffusion experiments, heat transfer is found to be dominant over mass transfer at the beginning and reach its equilibrium in a shorter time; subsequently, mass transfer shows its dominant effect. The enhanced oil swelling mainly occurs during the coupled heat and mass transfer stage. CO2 diffusion coefficient in heavy oil is found to increase with temperature at a given pressure, while it can be explicitly correlated as a function of temperature.

Phase Behavior of Heavy-Oil/Propane Mixtures

SPE Journal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (02) ◽  
pp. 596-617 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.. Mancilla-Polanco ◽  
K.. Johnston ◽  
W. D. Richardson ◽  
F. F. Schoeggl ◽  
Y.. Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Saturation Pressure ◽  
Interaction Parameters ◽  
Binary Interaction ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Rich Phase ◽  
Cubic Equation ◽  
Binary Interaction Parameters

Summary The phase behavior of heavy-oil/propane mixtures was mapped from temperatures ranging from 20 to 180°C and pressures up to 10 MPa. Both vapor/liquid (VL1) and liquid/liquid (L1L2) regions were observed. Saturation pressures (VL1 boundary) were measured in a Jefri 100-cm3 pressure/volume/temperature (PVT) -cell and blind-cell apparatus. The propane content at which a light propane-rich phase and a heavy bitumen-rich (or pitch) phase formed (L1/L1L2 boundary) was visually determined with a high-pressure microscope (HPM) while titrating propane into the bitumen. High-pressure and high-temperature yield data were measured using a blind-cell apparatus. Here, yield is defined as the mass of the indicated component(s) in the pitch phase divided by the mass of bitumen in the feed. A procedure was developed and used to measure propane-rich-phase and pitch-phase compositions in a PVT cell. Pressure/temperature and pressure/composition phase diagrams were constructed from the saturation-pressure and pitch-phase-onset data. High-pressure micrographs demonstrated that, at lower temperatures and propane contents, the pitch phase appeared as glassy particles, whereas at higher propane contents and temperatures, it appeared as a liquid phase. Ternary diagrams were also constructed to present phase-composition data. The ability of a volume-translated Peng-Robinson cubic equation of state (CEOS) (Peng and Robinson 1976) to match the experimental measurements was explored. Two sets of binary-interaction parameters were tested: temperature-dependent binary-interaction parameters (SvdW) and composition-dependent binary-interaction parameters (CDvdW). Models derived from both types of binary-interaction parameters matched the saturation pressures and the L1L2 boundaries at one pressure but could not match the pressure dependency of the L1L2 boundary or the measured L1L2 phase compositions. The SvdW model could not match the yield data, whereas the CDvdW model matched yields at temperatures up to 90°C.

scholarly journals Modelling Sorption Thermodynamics and Mass Transport of n-Hexane in a Propylene-Ethylene Elastomer

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1157
Author(s):  
Daniele Tammaro ◽  
Lorenzo Lombardi ◽  
Giuseppe Scherillo ◽  
Ernesto Di Maio ◽  
Navanshu Ahuja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transport ◽  
Interaction Parameter ◽  
Sorption Isotherms ◽  
Binary Interaction ◽  
Binary Interaction Parameter ◽  
Theoretical Interpretation ◽  
Sorption Behavior ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Random Lattice ◽  
Hexane Vapor

Optimization of post polymerization processes of polyolefin elastomers (POE) involving solvents is of considerable industrial interest. To this aim, experimental determination and theoretical interpretation of the thermodynamics and mass transport properties of POE-solvent mixtures is relevant. Sorption behavior of n-hexane vapor in a commercial propylene-ethylene elastomer (V8880 VistamaxxTM from ExxonMobil, Machelen, Belgium) is addressed here, determining experimentally the sorption isotherms at temperatures ranging from 115 to 140 °C and pressure values of n-hexane vapor up to 1 atm. Sorption isotherms have been interpreted using a Non Random Lattice Fluid (NRLF) Equation of State model retrieving, from data fitting, the value of the binary interaction parameter for the n-hexane/V8880 system. Both the cases of temperature-independent and of temperature-dependent binary interaction parameter have been considered. Sorption kinetics was also investigated at different pressures and has been interpreted using a Fick’s model determining values of the mutual diffusivity as a function of temperature and of n-hexane/V8880 mixture composition. From these values, n-hexane intra-diffusion coefficient has been calculated interpreting its dependence on mixture concentration and temperature by a semi-empiric model based on free volume arguments.

scholarly journals Correlation and prediction of solubility of hydrogen in alkenes and its dissolution properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jamali ◽  
Amir Abbas Izadpanah ◽  
Masoud Mofarahi
Keyword(s):  
Equation Of State ◽  
Binary Interaction ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Dissolution Properties ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Binary Interaction Parameters ◽  
Delta G ◽  
Hoff Equation ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Total Average

AbstractIn this work, solubility of hydrogen in some alkenes was investigated at different temperatures and pressures. Solubility values were calculated using the Peng–Robinson equation of state. Binary interaction parameters were calculated using fitting the equation of state on experimental data, Group contribution method and Moysan correlations and total average absolute deviation for these methods was 3.90, 17.60 and 13.62, respectively. Because hydrogen solubility in Alkenes is low, Henry’s law for these solutions were investigated, too. Results of calculation showed with increasing temperature, Henry’s constant was decreased. The temperature dependency of Henry’s constants of hydrogen in ethylene and propylene was higher than to other alkenes. In addition, using Van’t Hoff equation, the thermodynamic parameters for dissolution of hydrogen in various alkenes were calculated. Results indicated that the dissolution of hydrogen was spontaneous and endothermic. The total average of dissolution enthalpy ($${\Delta H}^{^\circ }$$ Δ H ∘ ) and Gibbs free energy ($${\Delta G}^{^\circ }$$ Δ G ∘ ) for these systems was 3.867 kJ/mol and 6.361 kJ/mol, respectively. But dissolution of hydrogen in almost of alkenes was not an entropy-driven process.

Compatibility Study of Condensate and Heavy Oil for Storage in an Iranian Reservoir

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
K. Zobeidi ◽  
M. Ganjeh-Ghazvini ◽  
V. Hematfar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Compatibility Study ◽  
Asphaltene Precipitation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Full Capacity ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Operational Criteria ◽  
Positive Effect

Summary During the years 2017–2020, when Iran faced restrictions on the sale of oil and gas condensate and due to the need for domestic consumption and gas sales commitments, it was inevitable to produce gas at full capacity. This coercion has led to significant production of gas condensates. Some of these condensates were sold, some were converted into products such as gasoline in domestic refineries, and some of these condensates needed to be stored, but the storage capacity was limited. For the purpose of underground condensate storage, a heavy oil reservoir was selected based on some technical and operational criteria. A feasibility study was conducted to evaluate the potential risks of condensate injection into the reservoir. The results of tests on asphaltene precipitation, as the most important risk, indicated no severe precipitation would occur even if high concentration of condensate mixed with the reservoir heavy oil. The recovery of condensate and the production performance of the reservoir were simulated in three different injection-production scenarios. The results showed a positive effect of condensate injection on production rate of the reservoir. Moreover, satisfactory volume of condensate could be recovered in a reasonable period of time.

Phase Behaviour and Physical Properties of Dimethyl Ether DME/CO2/Water/Heavy Oil Systems under Reservoir Conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desheng Huang ◽  
Yunlong Li ◽  
Daoyong Yang
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Heavy Oil ◽  
Vapour Phase ◽  
Thermal Recovery ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Binary Interaction ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Polar Components ◽  
Translation Strategy ◽  
Oil Mixtures

Abstract In this paper, techniques have been developed to quantify phase behaviour and physical properties including phase boundaries, swelling factors, and phase volumes for reservoir fluids containing polar components from both experimental and theoretical aspects. Experimentally, a total of five pressure-volume-temperature (PVT) experiments including three sets of DME/CO2/heavy oil systems and two sets of DME/CO2/water/heavy oil systems have been carried out to measure saturation pressures, phase volumes, and swelling factors by using a versatile PVT setup. Theoretically, the modified Peng-Robinson equation of state (PR EOS) incorporated with the Huron-Vidal mixing rule and the Péneloux volume-translation strategy is employed as the thermodynamic model to perform phase equilibrium calculations. It is observed that the experimentally measured saturation pressures of DME/CO2/water/heavy oil mixtures are higher than those of DME/CO2/heavy oil mixtures at the same temperature and same molar ratio of solvents and heavy oil, owing to the fact that more water molecules can be evaporated into vapour phase. The binary interaction parameters (BIPs) between DME/heavy oil and CO2/DME pair, which are obtained by matching the measured saturation pressures of DME/CO2/heavy oil mixtures, work well for DME/CO2/heavy oil mixtures in the presence and absence of water. In addition, a swelling effect of heavy oil can be enhanced by adding the DME and CO2 mixtures compared to only DME or CO2. The new model developed in this work is capable of accurately reproducing the experimentally measured multiphase boundaries, swelling factors, phase volumes with a root-mean-squared relative error (RMSRE) of 4.68%, 0.71%, and 9.35%, respectively, indicating that it can provide fundamental data for simulating, designing, and optimizing the hybrid solvent-thermal recovery processes for heavy oil reservoirs.

A Phase-Behavior Study for n-Hexane/Bitumen and n-Octane/Bitumen Mixtures

SPE Journal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 128-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianyi Gao ◽  
Ryosuke Okuno ◽  
Huazhou Andy Li
Keyword(s):  
Phase Behavior ◽  
Potential Method ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Solvent Mixtures ◽  
Asphaltene Precipitation ◽  
Athabasca Bitumen ◽  
Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage ◽  
Behavior Study ◽  
Boundary Measurements ◽  
Rich Liquid

Summary Steam/solvent coinjection has been studied as a potential method to improve the efficiency of conventional steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD) for bitumen recovery. This research is part of an experimental program for phase behavior of Athabasca-bitumen/solvent mixtures. This paper presents a new set of experimental data for phase equilibrium, viscosity, density, and asphaltene precipitation for 11 mixtures of Athabasca bitumen with n-hexane and 10 mixtures of the same bitumen with n-octane. Phase-boundary measurements were conducted at temperatures up to 160°C and pressures up to 10 MPa. The bitumen sample used in this research was studied in our previous research, in which the same bitumen was not effectively diluted by n-butane because of the coexistence of a butane-rich liquid with a bitumen-rich liquid phase. In this research, the liquid/liquid separation of hydrocarbons was not observed for n-hexane/bitumen (HB) and n-octane/bitumen (OB) mixtures for the range of temperatures and pressures tested, even at solvent concentrations higher than 90 mol%. This observation indicates that the amount of solvent available near the edge of a steam chamber is expected to be entirely used for bitumen dilution beyond the chamber edge in coinjection of steam with heavier hydrocarbon solvents, such as n-hexane and n-octane. Experiments for asphaltene precipitation at atmospheric pressure showed a larger amount of precipitates with n-hexane than with n-octane at a given solvent concentration higher than 50 wt%. For solvent concentrations less than 50 wt%, no asphaltene precipitation was observed for both solvents with the bitumen sample tested in this research.

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