Performance Investigation of Membrane Process in Natural Gas sweeting by Membrane Process: Modeling Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamran Ghasemzadeh ◽  
Mostafa Jafari ◽  
Amir sari ◽  
Ali A. Babalou
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Membrane Process ◽  
Membrane Area ◽  
Membrane Performance ◽  
Aspen Hysys

Abstract The main purpose of this work is the numerical investigation of PEBX membrane performance for natural gas sweeting. Hence, a single-stage process for PEBX membrane was considered in various flow patterns, namely, cocurrent, cross flow and countercurrent to separate a typical natural gas mixture. To this target, a black box numerical model was extended for the ASPEN HYSYS commercial package and also its validation was realized by litterature experimental data. The validation results indicated a good agreement between thoritical results and experimental data. After model validation, the effect of the some significant operating parameters (pressure gradient, stage cut and membrane area) on the performance of PEBX membrane was analysed in terms of acid gases removal percentage. The simulation results presented a noticeable performance of PEBX membrane to produce high purity CH4. In particular, concerning the stage cut effect, it was found that the CO2 and H2S compositions in the permeate side were decreased through the enhancment of stage cut from 0.005 to 0.03, whereas the CH4 composition increased for whole the flow patterns. Moreover, a similar effect was achived for membrane surface area. On the other hand, the transmembrane pressure effect was positive on the PEBX membrane performance during natural gas sweeting.

Parametric Study of Ultrafiltration

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Zhou ◽  
A. G. Agwu Nnanna
Keyword(s):  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
High Flux ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Membrane Performance ◽  
Cross Flow Velocity ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Cleaning Methods

The performance of cross flow hollow fiber ultrafiltration (UF) membrane with molecular weight cut off (MWCO) 100 kDaltons was studied in order to effectively remove suspended solids in wastewater. Experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of the several factors such as cross flow velocity, transmembrane pressure (TMP), water temperature, and concentration of suspended solids on the membrane performance. Several cleaning methods were applied to remove the fouling. The experimental results showed that increasing TMP, temperature and cross flow velocity all resulted in increasing permeate flux. It is observed that high TMP aggravated the fouling while high cross flow velocity alleviated the fouling. High concentrations of suspended solids led to the reduction of permeate flux. It is also found that both combination of chemical, back- and forward-washing as well as soaking cleaning methods effectively removed fouling and achieved high flux recovery. The suspended solids were effectively removed by our UF system, and the water quality is significantly improved after ultrafiltration.

scholarly journals Membrane-integrated hybrid bioremediation of industrial wastewater: a continuous treatment and recycling approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Kumar ◽  
Parimal Pal
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Hybrid Plant ◽  
Hazardous Substances ◽  
Continuous Treatment ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Treatment Unit ◽  
Coke Wastewater ◽  
High Degree

A new membrane-integrated hybrid treatment system was investigated to turn highly hazardous coke wastewater reusable. This could protect both air and surface water bodies from toxic contaminants such as ammonia, phenol, cyanide, thiocyanate and other carcinogenic aromatic compounds which are normally released into the environment during discharge of coke wastewater and during quenching of coke by wastewater. Apart from these hazardous substances, oil, grease, other organics and even trace elements could be very effectively removed from wastewater by logical sequencing of chemical, biological and finally nanomembrane-based treatments in an integrated hybrid plant. After almost 99% removal of highly toxic cyanide compounds in a well-optimized Fenton's treatment unit, subsequent biological treatment units could be very effective. All these pretreatments helped achieve microbial nitrification and denitrification of more than 98% of ammonia. Composite nanofiltration membranes selected through investigation could separate ionic trace contaminants from water with a high degree of purification permitting recycling and reuse of the treated water. A selected cross flow membrane module allowed long hours of largely fouling-free operation under a reasonably low transmembrane pressure of only 15 bars while yielding an industrially acceptable flux of 80 L of pure water per hour per square meter of membrane surface.

scholarly journals Membrane Fouling Monitoring in a Submerged Membrane Bioreactor

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 653
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Azis ◽  
Marianthi Malioka ◽  
Spyridon Ntougias ◽  
Paraschos Melidis
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Membrane Performance ◽  
Conventional Activated Sludge ◽  
Major Disadvantage

Use of Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) technology for municipal wastewater treatment has been increased in recent years, as it successfully overcomes the disadvantages of the conventional activated sludge process. Membrane fouling is the major disadvantage of MBRs and leads to decreased membrane performance and expanded operational expenses. In this study, fouling was monitored in a pilot-scale submerged MBR system fed with municipal wastewater. TMP was directly measured on the membrane module during the operation. To control TMP increase owing to biosolids accumulation on membrane surface, successive backwashes and air-cross flow velocity increase were applied. These measures lowered TMP and improved flux.

scholarly journals Effect of Modifying the Membrane Surface with Microcapsules on the Flow Field for a Cross-Flow Membrane Setup: A CFD Study

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 555
Author(s):  
Sebastian Osterroth ◽  
Christian Neumann ◽  
Michael Weiß ◽  
Uwe Maurieschat ◽  
Alexandra Latnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Membrane Fabrication ◽  
Membrane Biofouling ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd

In this study, the attachment of microcapsules on the membrane surface and its influence on the flow field for a cross-flow membrane setup are investigated. The microcapsules were placed on the top layer of the membrane. The overall purpose of this modification was the prevention of membrane biofouling. Therefore, in a first step, the influence of such a combination on the fluid flow was investigated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Here, different properties, which are discussed as indicators for biofouling in the literature, were considered. In parallel, different fixation strategies for the microcapsules were experimentally tested. Two different methods to add the microcapsules were identified and further investigated. In the first method, the microcapsules are glued to the membrane surface, whereas in the second method, the microcapsules are added during the membrane fabrication. The different membrane modifications were studied and compared using CFD. Therefore, virtual geometries mimicking the real ones were created. An idealized virtual geometry was added to the comparison. Results from the simulation were fed back to the experiments to optimize the combined membrane. For the presented setup, it is shown that the glued configuration provides a lower transmembrane pressure than the configuration where microcapsules are added during fabrication.

scholarly journals Simulation of the nanofiltration of pulping black liquor by dynamic blade cross-flow with membrane

BioResources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 5593-5615
Author(s):  
Wenjie Zhao ◽  
Zhongyu Du ◽  
Ning Kuang ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Benliang Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rotation Speed ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Dynamic Pressure ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Tangential Velocity ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Nanofiltration Membrane ◽  
Fluent Software

This paper investigated the filtration of black liquor with blade cross-flow by membrane. The lignin content in black liquid filtered by the nanofiltration membrane (NP010) is high under the transmembrane pressure of 0.5 bar, 1 bar, 1.5 bar, and 2 bar at 300 rpm and 800 rpm. In this regard, the tangential velocity on the nanofiltration membrane surface and the pressure variation on the blade in the process of filtration are simulated and analyzed with Fluent software. The tangential flow velocity on the nanofiltration membrane surface and the dynamic pressure on the blade, as well as the law of change under different rotation speed and transmembrane pressure are obtained. The comparison between experimental and simulated results have validated the numerical model of the filtration of black liquid by the blade dynamic cross-flow. According to the experimental and simulated results, the optimized filtration conditions are obtained when the blade dynamic cross-flow uses 1 kDa nanofiltration membrane to filter black liquor.

Multi-Scale Modeling of Tubular Cross-Flow Microfiltration of Metalworking Fluids

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan P. Sullivan ◽  
John E. Wentz ◽  
John P. Abraham
Keyword(s):  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Membrane Resistance ◽  
Metalworking Fluids ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Flow Profile ◽  
Micro Model ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Alumina Membrane ◽  
Tubular Membrane

Metalworking fluids are a vital part of modern machining processes but have significant negative economic, health, and environmental impacts. In-process purification of these fluids by microfiltration has been shown to reduce these impacts. This research uses a two-stage computational modeling methodology to investigate how particles within the membrane are transported from the turbulent flow within the center of the tubular membrane to the laminar sub-layer near the membrane wall and finally into the membrane pores. A macro-model of the complete flow within the tubular membrane is used to determine the steady-state flow profile within 25 microns of the membrane surface. This flow profile is then used to develop a micro-model of the flow at the membrane wall using a flat-plate assumption. The micro-model includes individual pores randomly located and sized based on statistical analysis of alumina membrane surfaces. A 23 full factorial design of experiments was used with variables of cross-flow velocity, transmembrane pressure, and membrane resistance. The responses of effective filtration region and total mass flowing through the pores were analyzed. Based on the simulation results, recommendations are made for future membrane design to provide the most efficient transport of particles from the bulk into the pores.

Predicting Nanofiltration Performance during Treatment of Welding Electrode Manufacturing Wastewater, Using Artificial Neural Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 618 ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
H. Alizadeh Golestani
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Experimental Data ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Transmembrane Pressure ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Artificial Neural ◽  
Artificial Neural Network Ann ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Welding Electrode

This paper presents artificial neural network (ANN) predictions for a nanofiltration membrane used to treat wastewater of welding electrode manufacturing in a cross flow set up. The main parameters were time, feed flow rate, and transmembrane pressure (TMP). The experimental data were correlated and analyzed using ANN. ANN’s prediction of the permeate flux, turbidity, total dissolved solids (TDS), hardness for various TMPs, and flow rates are discussed. The effects of the training algorithm, neural network architectures, and transfer function on the ANN performance, as reflected by the percentage average absolute deviation, are discussed. A network with one input layer, 50-100 hidden layers, and one output layer is found to be adequate for mapping input–output relationships and providing a good interpolative tool. A good agreement has been obtained between the ANN predictions and the experimental data with a deviation below 2% for all cases considered.

Effect of Process Factors on Pervaporation Dehydration of Isopropanol

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (6) ◽  
pp. 1302-1305
Author(s):  
Ali A. A. Al Janabi ◽  
Oana Cristina Parvulescu ◽  
Bogdan Trica ◽  
Tanase Dobre
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Membrane ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Water System ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Feed Water ◽  
Mixture Flow ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Membrane Area ◽  
Operation Temperature ◽  
Process Factors

The paper aimed at studying the performances of pervaporation separation of isopropanol-water system using a Pervatech ceramic membrane at various values of feed mixture flow rate (F=1000 kg/hr), feed water mass fraction (xF=0.1-0.2), operation temperature (t=60-90 �C), permeate pressure (pP=1000-9000 Pa) and water separation degree (sW=0.9, 0.95). Membrane total flux and separation factor were predicted applying a second order response surface model with 3 factors, i.e., xF, t and pP. An algorithm for estimating the membrane surface area was presented. Membrane area increased with sW and xF and its lowest values (A=13 m2 for xF=0.1 and A=24 m2 for xF=0.2) were attained for t=60 �C and pP=9000 Pa. These findings could be applied for optimizing the process of isopropanol dehydration by pervaporation.

Low-pressure membrane filtration with unconventional coagulation regimes

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.Y. Choi ◽  
B.A. Dempsey
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Membrane Filtration ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Chemical Cleaning ◽  
Sand Filters ◽  
Charge Neutralization ◽  
Floc Size ◽  
Filtration System ◽  
Pre Treatment

The objective of the research was to evaluate in-line coagulation to improve performance during ultrafiltration (UF). In-line coagulation means use of coagulants without removal of coagulated solids prior to UF. Performance was evaluated by removal of contaminants (water quality) and by resistance to filtration and recovery of flux after hydraulic or chemical cleaning (water production). We hypothesized that coagulation conditions inappropriate for conventional treatment, in particular under-dosing conditions that produce particles that neither settle nor are removed in rapid sand filters, would be effective for in-line coagulation prior to UF. A variety of pre-treatment processes for UF have been investigated including coagulation, powdered activated carbon (PAC) or granular activated carbon (GAC), adsorption on iron oxides or other pre-formed settleable solid phases, or ozonation. Coagulation pre-treatment is often used for removal of fouling substances prior to NF or RO. It has been reported that effective conventional coagulation conditions produced larger particles and this reduced fouling during membrane filtration by reducing adsorption in membrane pores, increasing cake porosity, and increasing transport of foulants away from the membrane surface. However, aggregates produced under sweep floc conditions were more compressible than for charge neutralization conditions, resulting in compaction when the membrane filtration system was pressurized. It was known that the coagulated suspension under either charge-neutralization or sweep floc condition showed similar steady-state flux under the cross-flow microfiltration mode. Another report on the concept of critical floc size suggested that flocs need to reach a certain critical size before MF, otherwise membranes can be irreversibly clogged by the coagulant solids. The authors were motivated to study the effect of various coagulation conditions on the performance of a membrane filtration system.

Arsenic removal by MF membrane with chemical sludge adsorption and NF membrane equipped with vibratory shear enhanced process

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 303-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.-H. Yi ◽  
S. Ahmed ◽  
Y. Watanabe ◽  
K. Watari
Keyword(s):  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Membrane Process ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Strong Shear ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Removal Processes ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic ◽  
Concentration Polarization Layer ◽  
Chemical Sludge

Conventional arsenic removal processes have difficulty removing low concentrations of arsenic ion from water. Therefore, it is very hard to comply with stringent low levels of arsenic, such as below 10 μg/L. So, we have developed two arsenic removal processes which are able to comply with more stringent arsenic regulations. They are the MF membrane process combined with chemical sludge adsorption and NF membrane process equipped with the vibratory shear enhanced process (VSEP). In this paper, we examine the performance of these new processes for the removal of arsenic ion of a low concentration from water. We found that chemical sludge produced in the conventional rapid sand filtration plants can effectively remove As (V) ions of H2AsO4- and HAsO42- through anion exchange reaction. The removal efficiency of MF membrane process combined with chemical sludge adsorption increased to about 36%, compared to MF membrane alone. The strong shear force on the NF membrane surface produced by vibration on the VSEP causes the concentration polarization layer to thin through increased back transport velocity of particles. So, it can remove even dissolved constituents effectively. Therefore, As (V) ions such as H2AsO4- and HAsO42- can be removed. The concentration of As (V) ions decreased from 50 μg/L to below 10 μg/L and condensation factor in recirculating water increased up to 7 times by using NF membrane equipped with VSEP.

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