Phonetic and lexical gradience in Polish prefixed words

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwona Kraska-Szlenk, ◽  
Marzena Żygis,
Keyword(s):  
Mental Representation ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Functional Explanation ◽  
Language Usage ◽  
Lexical Frequency ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Density Effects ◽  
Phonetic Cues ◽  
Phonetic Features ◽  
Prefixed Words

AbstractThe article focuses on the gradient phonetic effects occurring at the prefix-stem boundary in Polish and their phonological interpretation. The environment of a consonant-final prefix followed by a vowel-initial stem exhibits remarkable variation as to the presence of specific phonetic cues, ranging from their being completely absent or very weak to the presence of strong ones, such as the occurrence of a glottal stop combined with partial devoicing of the prefix-final consonant and full glottalization of the stem-initial vowel. A significant correlation is observed between the number of the phonetic cues marking the morphological boundary and the lexical frequency, as well as certain other factors. The gradient character of the prefix-stem juncture in Polish is independently motivated by the speakers' attitudes as revealed in a psycholinguistic test, which demonstrates that the low-level phonetic features contribute to the mental representation of language grammar. The discussion of the data is conducted in the larger context of Polish sandhi, phonotactics and neighbourhood density effects, providing a functional explanation of the analysed problem and of certain prefix-suffix asymmetries. All the evidence in the article points to the importance of language usage criteria in shaping a language grammar and to the necessity of recognizing this fact in linguistic analysis.

scholarly journals Greek education and cultural identity in Greek-speaking Judaism: The Jewish-Greek historiographers

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 217-228
Author(s):  
Marieke Dhont
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Second Temple ◽  
Language Usage ◽  
Second Temple Period ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Hellenistic World ◽  
Hellenistic Judaism

The style of the Jewish-Greek historiographers Eupolemus and Demetrius has often been evaluated as “bad Greek.” This is generally seen as evidence of their lack of education. The negative views on the language of Demetrius and Eupolemus are illustrative of a broader issue in the study of Hellenistic Judaism: language usage has been a key element in the discussion on the societal position of Jews in the Hellenistic world. In this article, I assess the style of the historiographers in the context of post-classical Greek, and conclude that their language reflects standard Hellenistic Greek. The linguistic analysis then becomes a starting point to reflect on the level of integration of Jews in the Greek-speaking world as well as to consider the nature of Jewish multilingualism in the late Second Temple period.

scholarly journals Branding in Urban Discourse Space: Region’s Identity as Attraction Factor

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 01066
Author(s):  
Elina Novikova ◽  
Vera Mityagina ◽  
Anna Gureeva ◽  
Tatyana Makhortova
Keyword(s):  
Mental Representation ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Tourist Attraction ◽  
City Branding ◽  
Complex Image ◽  
Branding Strategies ◽  
Communicative Process ◽  
Urban Discourse ◽  
Text Content

The research is focused on branding as a communicative process and aimed at defining the region’s identity role in provision of its tourist attraction. Linguistic analysis of the branding process is concentrated on optimization of language means and urban semiosis quality. City’s identity is viewed as a complex of exterior and other markers, building its complex image and playing an initial role in city’s branding. The aim of territory’ branding is to present the uniqueness of a certain region and its competitiveness. A city is a complicated multilayer communicative formation that creates a special type of discourse around itself – urban discourse. The space of this discourse is determined by such textual phenomena as a text-city, an urban text and a text about a city. The authors outline the role of naming in city branding and consider a great importance of a city’s identity in creating a text content aimed at increasing attraction of a city as a tourist object. City’s identity allows one to understand its uniqueness and mental representation by a representative of its “own” and “foreign” cultures and optimize branding strategies with the aim to fix positive images of a city and attractive image of a global-centred and locally original territory.

scholarly journals Monomodal and multimodal instantiations of conceptual metaphors of Brexit

Lege Artis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 250-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Morozova
Keyword(s):  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Models ◽  
Conceptual Metaphors ◽  
Low Level ◽  
High Level

Abstract This article offers a linguistic analysis of the conceptual metaphors of Brexit, in which the source and the target belong to the same semiotic mode or to different ones. It is shown that the variation of high-level cognitive models underpinning metaphoric images of Brexit reflects the author’s stance towards the event. Phases of Brexit are associated with different image-schematic cognitive models, and this impinges on the range of those metaphors of Brexit that involve low-level concepts.

Foreign language teaching – Integrationism vs. MGM

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-20
Author(s):  
Marion Grein
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Foreign Language Teaching ◽  
Game Model ◽  
Language Usage ◽  
Modern Language

Abstract Modern language teaching is no longer grammar based, but based on authentic real life dialogues (dialogic speech acts) which enable learners to communicate or rather to interact verbally and nonverbally competent with native speakers. The conception of language teaching curricula, especially with regard to the development of textbooks, is in need of an applicable model of communication, based on regularities or principles of language-usage. Both, Integrationism and the Mixed Game Model (MGM) opt against segregational static approaches of linguistic analysis and – at first glance – could be considered suitable approaches within the field of language teaching. Yet, I will argue that the Integrational approach is hardly applicable here, whereas the MGM perfectly suits the needs of foreign language textbook authors and editors.

Modern Judeo-Provençal as Known from Its Sole Textual Testimony: Harcanot et Barcanot (Critical Edition and Linguistic Analysis)

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-237
Author(s):  
Peter Nahon
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Critical Edition ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Linguistic Analysis ◽  
Linguistic Variation ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
Relevant Document ◽  
History Of ◽  
Theatrical Play ◽  
Phonetic Features

Abstract This study offers a linguistic description of the idiom of the Jews of the Comtat Venaissin (“Judeo-Provençal”) at the end of the 18th century, based on a critical edition of the only relevant document illustrating this language, a theatrical play in verse entitled Harcanot et Barcanot. The introduction provides a philological inventory of all known sources of “Judeo-Provençal.” The critical and variorum edition of the text, accompanied by linear glosses in English, is followed by a commentary comprising a glossary and analysis of all relevant linguistic features. It reveals, inter alia, that this language possessed words pertaining to the linguistic repertoire of French Jews since the Middle Ages; as for the phonetic features of the Jewish dialect of Provençal, their etiology is to be found in the history of the communities. The study concludes with a reassessment of the nature of linguistic variation in the dialect of the Jews of Provence.

Phoneme Perception in Two- and Three-Year-Old Children

1971 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Locke
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Perception Task ◽  
Place Of Articulation ◽  
Phonetic Cues ◽  
Phonetic Features ◽  
Expressive Phonology ◽  
Phoneme Perception ◽  
Picture Identification

20 2- and 3-yr.-old children were given a phoneme perception task in which they were to point to one of two pictures whose labels differed by minimally discriminable phonetic features. Results suggested that picture identification testing can be used successfully to test phoneme perception in Ss as young as 2 yr., that place-of-articulation cues are not difficult for young children to distinguish, and that children's acquisition of expressive phonology must not be wholly dependent on their ability to process phonetic cues from the environment.

SystemC Language Usage as the Alternative to the HDL and High-level Modeling for NoC Simulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Romanov ◽  
Alexander Ivannikov
Keyword(s):  
Programming Language ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Geometric Shape ◽  
Language Usage ◽  
Networks On Chip ◽  
Speed Increase ◽  
Low Level ◽  
High Level Modeling ◽  
On Chip ◽  
High Level

This article describes how actual trends of networks-on-chip research and known approaches to their modeling are considered. The characteristics of analytic and high- / low- level simulation are given. The programming language SystemC as an alternative solution to create models of networks-on-chip is proposed, and SystemC models speed increase methodic is observed. The methods of improving SystemC models are formulated. There has been shown how SystemC language can reduce the disadvantages and maximize the advantages of high-level and low-level approaches. To achieve this, the comparison of results for high-level, low-level and SystemC NoC simulation is given on the example of “hot spots” and the geometric shape of regular NoC topologies effect on their productivity.

scholarly journals Verbal vs. visual coding in modified mental imagery map exploration task

Psihologija ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Cirovic ◽  
Suncica Zdravkovic
Keyword(s):  
Word Frequency ◽  
Mental Imagery ◽  
Mental Representation ◽  
Lexical Processing ◽  
Distance Effect ◽  
Visual Modality ◽  
Lexical Frequency ◽  
Visual Coding ◽  
Symbolic Distance ◽  
Exploration Task

We modified classical mental exploration task introducing verbal modality. Consequently, we could test robust effects from lexical processing in an attempt to understand whether the underlying mental representation is strictly propositional. In our three experiments, in addition to map modality (visual or verbal), lexical frequency, concreteness and visual frequency were also varied. The symbolic distance effect was replicated, regardless of map modality. Exploration of distances was regularly faster on pictorial maps. Effects of lexical frequency and concreteness were not significant for verbal maps. However, when visual frequency was introduced on pictorial maps both type of frequencies generated measurable effects. Our findings directly contradict the assumptions of propositional theories (1) subjects were faster in the visual modality, which would be difficult to explain if the perceptual code had to be transformed into propositional, (2) word frequency and concreteness did not contribute as would be expected if propositional code were a default.

Cross-cultural multimodal politeness: The phonetics of Japanese deferential speech in comparison to Korean

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 517-555
Author(s):  
Kaori Idemaru ◽  
Bodo Winter ◽  
Lucien Brown
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
High Pitch ◽  
Vocal Cues ◽  
Production Study ◽  
Japanese Female ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
The Common ◽  
Phonetic Cues ◽  
Phonetic Features ◽  
Polite Speech

AbstractPragmatic meanings are not only conveyed through words alone, but also through how words are produced phonetically. The current study investigated phonetic features that characterize the distinction between deferential and non-deferential speech style in Japanese. The Japanese data were then compared to previously published Korean data collected through the same methodology. The results revealed striking similarities between the two languages: Deferential voice is quieter and breathier, and has less fluctuation of pitch and loudness. The common strategy appears to sound calm and soft. Whereas Korean deferential speech was additionally low-pitched, Japanese did not show a consistent relationship between deferential meanings and pitch. The results diverge from the long-held view that Japanese polite speech is high-pitched, and they also deviate from the view that polite speech is universally associated with high pitch. The current findings demonstrate the importance of considering politeness as a complex phenomenon communicated via a number of phonetic cues, rather than a single cue (e. g. pitch). On top of a production study, we performed a perception study which showed that Japanese politeness, just as was shown for Korean politeness previously, can be perceived through vocal cues alone. The results also showed that Japanese female speakers do not necessarily do more to sound polite compared to male speakers, also contrary to previous claims.

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