Effect of sample collection, temperature and time of storage on β-galactosidase and total hexosaminidase activities in dried blood collected on filter paper

Author(s):  
Cristina D. de Castilhos ◽  
Jamila Mezzalira ◽  
Mariana P.S. Goldim ◽  
Frederico G. Werlang ◽  
Janice C. Coelho

AbstractDried blood spots (DBS) on filter paper is a valuable sampling technique in clinical chemistry, but the stability of enzymes used in the diagnosis of lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) needs to be evaluated.In a first experiment, blood from 20 subjects was collected using a syringe without additives and distributed into EDTA tubes, heparin tubes, and spotted on filter paper for the comparison of sampling effects. In a second experiment, blood from 30 healthy subjects was spotted on filter paper and analyzed for β-galactosidase and total hexosaminidase activities after storage of the samples at different temperatures for up to 180 days.Initially, we observed that enzyme activities were the same, independent of the collection method. When DBS was stored at 37°C the activity of β-galactosidase dropped to 85% of the initial value after 180 days (p<0.05). At all other temperatures (–20°C, 4°C and 25°C), the results were within the methodological error. Total hexosaminidase activity did not change significantly during the entire study period and at different storage temperatures.The two enzymes investigated in the present study may be stored for up to 17 days (β-galactosidase) or 180 days (total hexosaminidase) until analysis without loss of activity.

2006 ◽  
Vol 372 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 98-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Civallero ◽  
Kristiane Michelin ◽  
Jurema de Mari ◽  
Marli Viapiana ◽  
Maira Burin ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Е.А. Каменец ◽  
Н.Л. Печатникова ◽  
В.С. Какаулина ◽  
С.В. Михайлова ◽  
Т.В. Строкова ◽  
...  

Введение. Дефицит лизосомной кислой липазы (ДЛКЛ) - континуум аутосомно-рецессивно наследуемых фенотипов, обусловленных генетическими дефектами фермента лизосомной кислой липазы (ЛКЛ), играющего ключевую роль в обмене липидов. ЛКЛ кодируется геном LIPA, наиболее распространенный патогенный вариант которого -c.894G>A - является причиной заболевания в более чем половине случаев. Точная частота ДЛКЛ неизвестна, в России она предположительно составляет от 1:150 000 до 1:100 000 новорожденных. Цель: биохимический скрининг на ДЛКЛ в группе высокого риска, изучение спектра мутаций гена LIPA и оценка встречаемости заболевания в г. Москве. Методы. В исследовании участвовали 1999 пациентов из различных регионов РФ с подозрением на лизосомные болезни накопления (ЛБН). Выборку для исследования носительства частого варианта гена LIPA составили сухие пятна крови 920 живых новорожденных г. Москвы. Активность ЛКЛ измерялась флуориметрическим методом в сухих пятнах крови. Кодирующая последовательность гена LIPA изучалась путём прямого секвенирования и ПДРФ-анализа. Результаты. Тридцати четырем пациентам установлен диагноз ДЛКЛ. Выявлено 16 вариантов гена LIPA, из них 11 не описаны ранее. Десять вариантов - высоковероятно патогенные, один - неясного значения. Наиболее частой мутацией в выборке был аллель c.894G>A, что характерно для большинства европейских популяций. Частота данного аллеля у 920 новорожденных Москвы составила 1:270. Исходя из этого, расчетная частота встречаемости ДЛКЛ составила 1:73 159, что превышает ориентировочную оценку для РФ. Заключение. Целесообразен скрининг на ДЛКЛ пациентов с подозрением на ЛБН. Аллельная частот варианта c.894G>A среди выявленных вариантов гена LIPA сопоставима с таковой в европейских исследованиях. В отличие от этих работ у российских больных встретилось относительно много различных вариантов гена, ранее описываемых крайне редко или неописанных. Расчетная частота заболеваемости ДЛКЛ в г. Москве превышает предполагаемую для РФ. Background. Lysosomal acid lipase deficiency (LALD) is a continuum of autosomal recessive diseases caused by defects in the enzyme of lipid metabolism, lysosomal acid lipase (LAL). LAL encodes by the gene LIPA. The most common variant of LIPA c.894G>A caused the disease in more than а half of cases. The true frequency of LALD is unknown. In Russia it is supposed to be 1:150000 - 1:100000 of newborns. The aim of the work is the selective biochemical screening for LALD, the study of LIPA mutation spectrum and the estimation of the LALD incidence in Moscow. Materials and methods. 1999 рatients suspected of lysosomal storage diseases (LSD) took part in the study. Dried blood spots of 920 newborns of Moscow were obtained for the estimation of c.894G>A allelic frequency. LAL activity was measured by fluorometric analysis. The LIPA gene was studied by direct sequencing and RFLP-analysis. Results and discussion. In 34 cases diagnosis of LALD was confirmed. Totally, 16 different variants of LIPA were found, 11 variants were novel. Ten of the novel variants were classified as pathogenic, one was uncertain significance. The allele c.894G>A was the most common LIPA variant in the cohort of patients, so as in many Europe populations. The allelic frequency of the variant in the newborns collection was estimated as 1:270 and LALD frequence was 1:73.159. Conclusion. Screening for LALD is a useful tool for diagnostics among LSD suspected patients. The allelic frequency of the variant c.894G>A seems the same as in European populations. In comparison with this data, there are many rare and novel variants in the Russian cohort.


2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 821-831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew L Crawford ◽  
Bradley B Collier ◽  
Meghan N Bradley ◽  
Patricia L Holland ◽  
Christopher M Shuford ◽  
...  

Abstract Background Phlebotomy plays a key role in clinical laboratory medicine but poses certain challenges for the patient and the laboratory. Dried blood spots simplify collection and stabilize specimens effectively, but clinical reference intervals are based primarily on serum or plasma. We evaluated use of dried separated blood plasma specimens to simplify plasma sample collection via finger stick; however, this sampling technique posed substantial analytical challenges. We discuss herein our efforts to overcome these challenges and provide accurate and precise clinical measurements. Methods Microsamples of whole blood were collected via finger stick using a collection device employing laminar-flow separation of cellular blood and plasma fractions with subsequent desiccation. Samples were analyzed on modern autoanalyzers with FDA-approved reagent and calibration systems, as well as commercially available reagents with laboratory-developed assay parameters. Measured analyte concentrations from extracted dried plasma samples were normalized to a coextracted endogenous analyte, chloride. Results Chloride normalization reduced variability incurred through extraction and undefined plasma volume. Excellent correlation of normalized measurements from dried finger-stick samples (whole blood and plasma) versus matched venous samples facilitated developing mathematical transformations to provide concordance between specimen types. Independent end-to-end performance verification yielded mean biases &lt;3% for the 5 analytes evaluated relative to venous drawn samples analyzed on FDA-approved measurement systems. Conclusion Challenges inherent with this microsampling technique and alternate sample matrix were obviated through capabilities of modern autoanalyzers and implementation of chloride normalization. These results demonstrate that self-collected microsamples from a finger stick can give results concordant with those of venous samples.


2009 ◽  
Vol 403 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 159-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Olivova ◽  
Kristen van der Veen ◽  
Emmaline Cullen ◽  
Michael Rose ◽  
X. Kate Zhang ◽  
...  

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gelb ◽  
Zoltan Lukacs ◽  
Enzo Ranieri ◽  
Peter Schielen

All worldwide newborn screening (NBS) for lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) is performed as a first-tier test by measurement of lysosomal enzymatic activities in dried blood spots (DBS). The currently two available methodologies used for measurement of enzymatic activities are tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and digital microfluidics fluorimetry (DMF-F). In this chapter we summarize the workflows for the two platforms. Neither platform is fully automated, but the relative ease of workflow will be dependent upon the specific operation of each newborn screening laboratory on a case-by-case basis. We provide the screen positive rate (the number of below cutoff newborns per 100,000 newborns) from all NBS laboratories worldwide carrying out MS/MS-based NBS of one or more LSDs. The analytical precision of the MS/MS method is higher than that for DMF-F as shown by analysis of a common set of quality control DBS by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Both the MS/MS and DMF-F platforms enable multiplexing of the LSD enzymes. An advantage of MS/MS over DMF-F is the ability to include assays of enzymatic activities and biomarkers for which no fluorimetric methods exist. Advantages of DMF-F over MS/MS are: (1) simple to use technology with same-day turn-around time for the lysosomal enzymes with the fastest rates compared to MS/MS requiring overnight analytical runs.; (2) the DMF-F instrumentation, because of its simplicity, requires less maintenance than the MS/MS platform.


Author(s):  
Solveig Eckerbom ◽  
Yngve Bergqvist

A simple and practical method of sampling capillary blood was tested. This method was used for determination of glycated haemoglobin by ion exchange chromatography. Capillary blood was collected onto filter paper and placed in a small polypropylene tube containing phosphate-buffered sodium chloride with EDTA and p-hydroxybenzoic acid methyl ester. There was good correlation between filter paper sampling and conventional sampling in tubes with EDTA as anticoagulant. With this new sampling technique the glycated haemoglobin value was stable for 7 days at room temperature and for at least 10 days at +4°C. Sampling can be performed by the patient at home and the sample then mailed to the laboratory, thus enabling analysis to be performed prior to the patient's visit to the physician.


2001 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 2098-2102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Néstor A Chamoles ◽  
Mariana B Blanco ◽  
Daniela Gaggioli ◽  
Carina Casentini

Abstract Background: Clinical differentiation among mucopolysaccharidosis, oligosaccharidosis, and mucolipidosis II and III is difficult. We describe methods for the assay of 8 lysosomal enzymes in dried blood spots on filter paper that allow screening for 12 lysosomal storage diseases that present with a Hurler-like phenotype. Methods: To test tubes containing 3-mm blood spots, we added elution liquid and fluorescent or radioactive substrate solution. After incubation at 37 °C, the reaction was terminated by the addition of a stop buffer. The amount of hydrolyzed product was compared with a calibrator to allow the quantification of enzyme activity. Sample stability was studied during storage for 21 days and during shipment of samples. We measured enzyme activities in 85 healthy controls (35 newborn, 50 adult), 57 patients suffering from 11 lysosomal storage diseases, and 46 obligate carriers. Results: Intra- and interassay CVs were &lt;9% and &lt;15%, respectively. Mean activity losses during transportation or storage for up to 21 days at 4 °C were ≤27%. Enzyme activities in all patients were outside the ranges of values seen for carriers and controls. Conclusions: The described methodology distinguishes between patients and controls with samples that are sufficiently stable to be mailed to the testing laboratory.


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