scholarly journals Improving aeration for efficient oxygenation in sea bass sea cages. Blood, brain and gill histology

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 270-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Panagiotis Berillis ◽  
Eleni Mente ◽  
Eleni Nikouli ◽  
Pavlos Makridis ◽  
Henrik Grundvig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Sea Bass ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
Oxygen Levels ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Sea Cage ◽  
Air Diffusion

AbstractAn air diffusion based system (Airx) was developed to control the dissolved oxygen levels in aquaculture sea cages. The system was introduced and then tested for 37 days in a sea bass sea cage (aerated cage). A second sea bass sea cage, without the AirX, was used as a control. Oxygen levels were measured in both cages at the start of the trial, before the AirX system was introduced, and during the working period of the AirX system. Fish samples were collected 15 days after the AirX system was introduced and at the end of the experiment. Blood smears were prepared and examined microscopically. Erythrocyte major axis, minor axis and area of fish erythrocytes were measured. Leucocyte differentiation was also examined. In the control cage, the fish had significantly larger red blood cells when compared with the red blood cells of the fish in the aerated cage. Histological examination of the gills and brain revealed no morphological differences or alterations between the two groups of fish. This study demonstrated that an air diffuser system could improve the water quality of fish farmed in sea cages and enhance sea bass physiological performance, especially if DO levels fall below 60% oxygen saturation.

scholarly journals Babesia microti Primarily Invades Mature Erythrocytes in Mice

2006 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 3204-3212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Borggraefe ◽  
Jie Yuan ◽  
Sam R. Telford ◽  
Sanjay Menon ◽  
Rouette Hunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Inbred Mouse ◽  
Flow Cytometric Analysis ◽  
Babesia Microti ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Mature Erythrocyte ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Nucleic Acid Stain

ABSTRACT Babesia microti is a tick-borne red blood cell parasite that causes babesiosis in people. Its most common vertebrate reservoir is the white-footed mouse. To determine whether B. microti invades reticulocytes, as does the canine pathogen B. gibsoni, we infected the susceptible inbred mouse strains C.B-17.scid and DBA/2 with a clinical isolate of B. microti. Staining of fixed permeabilized red blood cells with 4′,6′-diamidino-2-phenylindole or YOYO-1, a sensitive nucleic acid stain, revealed parasite nuclei as large bright dots. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that parasite DNA is primarily found in mature erythrocytes that expressed Babesia antigens but not the transferrin receptor CD71. In contrast, CD71-positive reticulocytes rarely contained Babesia nuclei and failed to express Babesia antigens. Accordingly, the frequency of YOYO-1-positive, CD71-negative cells strongly correlated with parasitemia, defined as the frequency of infected red blood cells assessed on Giemsa-stained blood smears. Importantly, the absolute numbers generated by the two techniques were similar. Parasitemia was modest and transient in DBA/2 mice but intense and sustained in C.B-17.scid mice. In both strains, parasitemia preceded reticulocytosis, but reticulocytes remained refractory to B. microti. In immunocompetent C.B-17 mice, reticulocytosis developed early, despite a marginal and short-lived parasitemia. Likewise, an early reticulocytosis developed in resistant BALB/cBy and B10.D2 mice. These studies establish that B. microti has a tropism for mature erythrocytes. Although reticulocytes are rarely infected, the delayed reticulocytosis in susceptible strains may result from parasite or host activities to limit renewal of the mature erythrocyte pool, thereby preventing an overwhelming parasitemia.

scholarly journals Acetylsalicylic acid and morphology of red blood cells

2010 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacques Natan Grinapel Frydman ◽  
Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca ◽  
Vanessa Câmara da Rocha ◽  
Monica Oliveira Benarroz ◽  
Gabrielle de Souza Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
In Vivo Treatment ◽  
Microscopy Data

This work evaluated the effect of in vitro and in vivo treatment with ASA on the morphology of the red blood cells. Blood samples or Wistar rats were treated with ASA for one hour. Blood samples or animals treated with saline were used as control group. Blood smears were prepared, fixed, stained and the qualitative and quantitative morphology of red blood cells were evaluated under optical microscopy. Data showed that the in vitro treatment for one hour with ASA at higher dose used significantly (p<0.05) modified the perimeter/area ratio of the red blood cells. No morphological alterations were obtained with the in vivo treatment. ASA use at highest doses could interfere on shape of red blood cells.

The Host-animals of Glossina morsitans at Daga-Iloi

1955 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Weitz ◽  
C. H. N. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Glossina Morsitans ◽  
Blood Smears

Blood smears from 378 examples of Glossina morsitans Westw. from the Daga-Iloi fly-round were tested by serological methods, including a new test involving the inhibition of agglutination of tanned red blood cells.About half the feeds were derived from wart-hog or bushpig, though these apparently formed only some ten per cent, of the ungulate mammals present.

scholarly journals Effects of Cinnamomum zeylanicum treatment on radiolabeling of blood bonstituents and morphology of red blood cells in Wistar rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (spe) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mônica Oliveira Benarroz ◽  
Gabrielle de Souza Rocha ◽  
Márcia Oliveira Pereira ◽  
Mauro Geller ◽  
Adenilson de Souza da Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Membrane Structures ◽  
Blood Constituents ◽  
Cinnamon Extract ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Transport Of Ions ◽  
Different Doses

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of in vivo treatment with an aqueous cinnamon extract on the labeling of blood constituents with 99mTc and on the morphology of red blood cells from Wistar rats. Animals were treated with cinnamon extract at different doses and for different periods of time. As controls, animals treated with 0.9% NaCl. Labeling of blood constituents with 99mTc was performed. Plasma, blood cells and insoluble fractions were isolated. Radioactivity in each fraction was counted and the percentage of radioactivity (%ATI) was calculated. Also, blood smears were prepared to morphological analysis of red blood cells from. Data showed that in vivo cinnamon extract did not significantly (p>0.05) modify the %ATI of blood constituents and morphology of red blood cells. The results suggest that in vivo aqueous cinnamon could not affect the membrane structures involved in transport of ions or the oxidation state of stannous and pertechnetate ions.

scholarly journals HEMATOLOGIC PROFILE OF LABORATORY RATS FED WITH BAKERY PRODUCTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 221-231
Author(s):  
Muhamed Katica ◽  
Nedzad Gradascevic
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Bakery Products ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Physiological Limits ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smears

The laboratory rat, as important biomedical model, was often fed with unconventional diet usually made up of products from the bakery industry. Such diet consisted of insufficient caloric and nutritionally unbalanced meals could cause unreliable results in biomedical research. The study investigates the effects of malnutrition on the haematological profile of rats. The study is performed on Wistar male and female rats which were fed for 4 weeks exclusively with bakery products ad libidum. The following hematological parameters were observed in peripheral blood smears: red blood cell count, content of haemoglobin, haematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC, white blood cell count, differential blood count, diameter of red blood cells, as well as the presence of atypical forms of red blood cells. Despite there were no statistically significant differences in overall haematological results (p > 0.05, with > 0.05), the significant part of obtained results were below physiological limits (HGB, MCHC and MCH). Other haematological parameters, including white blood corpuscles were kept in physiological limits, except for mild neutrophils in males. Also, the forms of anulocytes and spherocytes were recorded in peripheral blood smears. The results indicated the beginning of normocytic hypochromic anaemia which was caused by unbalanced meals.

scholarly journals Intraerythrocytic Hemoglobin Crystals in Sickle Cell-Hemoglobin C Disease

Blood ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. W. DIGGS ◽  
ANN BELL
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Corpuscle ◽  
Hemoglobin C ◽  
Blood Smears

Abstract On 70 per cent of the blood smears from 60 cases of electrophoretically proven sickle cell-hemoglobin C disease, there is observed a misshapen erythrocyte that contains condensed hemoglobin crystals which are dark-hued, homogeneous and elongated and which have parallel sides with one end terminating in a pyramid or rounded shape. A red blood corpuscle may have multiple protuberances at varying angles to each other. The incidence of intracellular hemoglobin crystals was found to be 0-24 per 1000 red blood cells with an average of 3.2/1000. Recognition of this unusual morphology is presumptive evidence of sickle cell-hemoglobin C and warrants examination by electrophoretic procedures.

scholarly journals The Influence of Magnetic Fields on Selected Physiological Parameters of Blood and Tissues in Mice

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hani Abdelsalam ◽  
Mohammed Elywa
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Aminobutyric Acid ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Natural Form ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
The Brain

This study aimed to highlight the influence of exposure to different applied magnetic fields (MFs) on SOD, MDA and GSH levels in the liver, LDH and CPK activities in the muscle and γ-aminobutyric acid levels in the brain, as well as some haematological parameters. Adult male albino Swiss mice were divided into 5 equal groups (n = 6), the control group (untreated) and four exposure groups that were exposed to MFs of 20, 40, 60 and 80 Gauss for 5 min/day for 5 days.: Exposure to MFs induced significant decreases in total GSH levels and SOD activity but a significant increase in MDA levels in the liver. By contrast, SMF exposure significantly increased total LDH and total CPK activities in the muscle. The results revealed a significant increase in GABA levels in the brain, as well as decreases in haemoglobin, haematocrit, and red blood cell counts, in addition to platelet counts, after exposure to 20, 40, 60 and 80 Gauss MFs. After exposure to a 40 Gauss MF, the mice showed pathological changes in red blood cells, including changes to the outer membrane of the red blood cells (micronucleus and a serrated edge, with a mild incidence of echinocytes). In the group exposed to a 60 Gauss MF, examination of blood smears clearly showed changes in cell size, with the emergence of abnormal forms, including many areas with no red blood cells (rouleaux formation). With increasing intensity of exposure (80 Gauss), the red blood cells appeared completely different from their natural form and took the form of ovalocytes and bi-micronucleated erythrocytes, which appear in patients with anaemia.: MF exposure caused different metabolic and haematological effects, which appeared to be related to the intensity of SMF exposure. The changes in the biochemical parameters of SMF-exposed mice probably reflect hepatic damage and anaemia caused by kidney failure. Further studies are needed to obtain a better understanding of the effects of MF on biological systems.

scholarly journals The danger of the spread of Dirofilaria immitis in dogs in Central Yakutia, medical and preventive and sanitary measures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.Yu. Gavrilyeva ◽  
L.M. Kokolova ◽  
E.V. Sivtseva ◽  
S.M. Stepanova ◽  
S.V. Dulova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
Central Yakutia ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Difficulty Breathing ◽  
Liver And Kidney

The parasitic disease Dirofilariasis has been detected in Central Yakutia for the last 3 years and deserves the closest attention from researchers and practicing veterinarians. In dogs infected with the nematode of the genus Dirofilaria and infected with in rural (suburban) dogs, the main pathomorphological changes were localized in the heart and were represented by atrophic, dystrophic and necrobiotic processes. In addition, the products of nematode metabolism led to the appearance of circulatory disorders. First of all, the researchers paid attention to the study of blood smears, a study of the microfilariae found in the smears. The authors also examined guard dogs that died from this disease, and not a complete examination of organs and tissues during the autopsy of the heart, luvers and parenchymatosis organs, sexually mature dirofilariae were found in the heart of the dissected fallen dogs. Subsequently, diagnostic methods were used to study peripheral blood, and live Microfilariae larvae were found. As the authors of the article note, cardiac Dirofilariasis subsequently had a destructive effect on red blood cells - red blood cells, and was observed in the development of Hemoglobinemia, Hemoglobinuria, in some cases leading to liver and kidney failure. On the part of the respiratory system, there were also characteristic clinical signs of chronic dry cough, difficulty breathing and shortness of breath, the detection of foci of wheezing in the lungs. During the disease, the animals had the development of pulmonary Thromboembolism characterized by the occurrence of fever and the release of sputum with blood. In dirofilariasis, the authors observed a fatal outcome, the corpses of the fallen animals were opened for examination of organs and tissues to detect nematodes.

scholarly journals EXPANDING THE ROLE OF MAGNETIC FIELDS IN RED BLOOD CELLS DEFORMATIONS: DEMONSTRATION OF PARAMAGNETIC AND DIAMAGNETIC FIELDS

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
Abraham A. Embi Bs
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cross Talk ◽  
Human Blood ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Graphite Powder ◽  
Cell Deformation ◽  
Blood Smears

Background: The main purpose of this manuscript is to introduce a biophysics based mechanism of the role of magnetism in temporary cell deformation. Biomagnetism: Biomagnetism has been slowly introduced in the medical literature as follows: The diamagnetic nature of blood reported in1936, the recording of organ emissions from the human body also published in the second half of the last century. It could stated that the same way molecular cross talk influence cells signaling, biomagnetic cross talk could also influence cells functions. Introduction: This manuscript introduces the effect of externally applied magnetic fields (diamagnetic or paramagnetic) causing temporary Red Blood Cells (RBCs) deformations. Results from experiments using diamagnetic material such as human blood with the property of repelling an opposing magnetic field; and paramagnetic material such as carbon based graphite or iron particles are reported. Methods: The work herein presented entailed the trapping (between two similar glass slides) of fresh human blood smear with fine exogenous metal, such as iron filings or graphite powder. The technique requires a standard video microscope and an image recording equipment.   Provocative placement of ferromagnetic or diamagnetic material in in vitro blood smears preparations were found to exhibit temporary in vivo characteristics quoted Temporary In Vivo Blood Smears (TBIS). Established protocol calls for fresh blood smears to be set-aside 5 minutes prior to staining. During the first 2 minutes of the set-aside period, in a typical monolayer smear, one can observe an initial brief time period of approximately 1’ ± 30” of a drying cycle. Usually, a moisture sheen boundary is seen gradually moving from the slide’s edges towards the center. Results: The main findings include a demonstration that both diamagnetic and pararmagnetic material deform RBCs in a variety of shapes. The paramagnetism (attraction) and diamagnetism of graphite powder induced temporary RBCs deformation in the form of teardrops. For the first time, an ongoing cellular deformation process was captured in video recordings. Conclusions: When in vivo cells in blood smears, such as RBCs, are fronted by exogenous magnetic fields, temporary cell deformation occurs.

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