scholarly journals An Experimental Study Of The Compression Properties Of Polyurethane-Based Warp-Knitted Spacer Fabric Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Si Chen ◽  
Xue-pei Zhang ◽  
Hong-xia Chen ◽  
Xiao-ping Gao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Stress Level ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Fabric Thickness ◽  
Compression Properties ◽  
Spacer Fabric ◽  
Fabric Composites ◽  
Spacer Fabrics

AbstractThe present work has reported the compression properties of polyurethane-based warp-knitted spacer fabric composites (PWSF). In order to investigate the effect of structural parameters of fabric on the compression performance of composites, a series of warp-knitted spacer fabrics (WSF) with different structural parameters including spacer yarn inclination angle, thickness, fineness of spacer yarns, and outer layer structure have been involved. The produced composites have been characterized for compression properties. The energy-absorption performance during the compression process has been determined as a function of the efficiency and the compression stress obtained from compression tests. The results show that the composites based on spacer fabrics having smaller spacer yarns inclination angle, higher fabric thickness, finer spacer yarn, and larger mesh in outer layers perform better with respect to energy-absorption properties at lower stress level, whereas at higher stress level, the best energy-absorption abilities are obtained in case of spacer fabrics constructed of larger spacer yarn inclination angle, lower fabric thickness, coarser spacer yarn, and smaller mesh in surface layers.

In-plane shear behavior of 3D warp-knitted spacer fabrics: Part II—Effect of structural parameters

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 772-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veerakumar Arumugam ◽  
Rajesh Mishra ◽  
Maros Tunak ◽  
Jiri Militky
Keyword(s):  
Shear Stress ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Strain Curve ◽  
Shear Behavior ◽  
Plane Shear ◽  
Yarn Diameter ◽  
Deformation Properties ◽  
Spacer Fabrics

The objective of this work is to study the in-plane shear behavior of 3D warp-knitted spacer knitted fabrics by using a picture frame fixture. This part aims to investigate the effects of structural parameters on the shear stress and energy absorption of warp-knitted spacer fabrics. A group of warp-knitted spacer fabrics was produced on a double-needle bar Raschel machine by varying their structural parameters including spacer yarn fineness, fabric thickness, and outer layer structure. The effects of fabric structural parameters on the shear properties of the spacer fabrics were tested and analyzed based on the nonlinear behavior of shear stress versus shear angle and the deformation mechanism. During loading process, the series of surface images were acquired in certain interval at different positions. These images were processed in image analysis software to obtain the full-field displacement and shear angles at chosen points on the surface of test specimen. The potential shear behavior of the fabric was identified with support of the shear stress–strain curve, work done, and efficiency at different shear stages. The regression model was used to establish the elastic deformation properties to obtain the shear results. Advance statistical evaluation and two-way analysis of variance are used to analyze the significance of various factors such as thickness, spacer yarn diameter, and surface structures on energy absorption at maximum shear load and deformation.

scholarly journals Flexural Properties of Syntactic foam Reinforced by Warp Knitted Spacer Fabric

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Zhi ◽  
Hairu Long
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Syntactic Foam ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Bending Properties ◽  
Layer Structures ◽  
Spacer Fabric ◽  
Flexural Tests

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the flexural behaviours of syntactic foam reinforced by warp knitted spacer fabric (SF-WKSF). Seven kinds of SF-WKSF samples were fabricated by warp knitted spacer fabric (WKSF) with structural parameters including surface layer structures, inclination-angle and fineness of spacer yarns, different microballoons types and contents. The flexural tests were carried out and the bending properties of SF-WKSF were analysed based on the strength and modulus values obtained from the test results. It is indicated that the SF-WKSF shows higher flexural strength and modulus compared to neat syntactic foam with almost no impact on the density of composites. The results also demonstrate that the surface layer structure, inclination-angle of spacer yarns, microballons content and type have significant effects on the flexural responses of SF-WKSF. The composites exhibit better antibending capacities by selecting larger inclination-angle, closer surface layer structure, higher density and relatively higher content of S60HS microballoons.

A Study on Compression Behavior of Warp Knitted Spacer Fabrics

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 1036-1039
Author(s):  
Xiao Fang Guo ◽  
Hair U Long
Keyword(s):  
Surface Structure ◽  
Inclination Angle ◽  
Compression Rate ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Apparent Effect ◽  
Compression Behavior ◽  
Spacer Fabric ◽  
Spacer Fabrics ◽  
Chinese Standard ◽  
Compression Resistance

The influences of inner layer′s (spacer yarn′s) pattern, surface structure of fabric, thickness, and spacer yarn′s diameter on compression resistance of warp knitted spacer fabric were investigated in the study. The compression tests involving 10 samples were carried out by TexLab Precision Instruments CT250 based on Chinese standard FZ/T01051.2-1998. The results show that inner layer′s pattern and surface structure affect the compression resistance of spacer fabric by changing the inclination angle of spacer yarn, the closer spacer yarn keep vertical, the better compression resistance of fabric. The laws of force exerted on spacer yarn followed by fabric′s thickness differ according to compression rate, the compression resistance increases as the thickness increases when the deformation of fabric is small (less than 4.90%), but decreases when the deformation is large enough (more than 19.20%). The diameter of spacer yarn has apparent effect on compression resistance, and the fabric with finer spacer yarns has lower compression resistance.

Investigation on Compression Properties of Syntactic Foam Reinforced by Warp Knitted Spacer Fabric

2015 ◽  
Vol 1095 ◽  
pp. 531-534
Author(s):  
Chao Zhi ◽  
Hai Ru Long
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Layer Structure ◽  
Syntactic Foam ◽  
Test System ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
Compression Performance ◽  
Compression Properties ◽  
Layer Structures ◽  
Spacer Fabric

The study aimed to investigate the compression behaviors of syntactic foam reinforced by warp knitted spacer fabric (SF-WKSF). Two kinds of SF-WKSF samples were prepared with warp knitted spacer fabric (WKSF) of different surface layer structures. The compression tests were carried out by MTS 810 material test system and the compression properties of SF-WKSF were analyzed based on its compressive stress–strain curves and modulus values obtained from test results. It is indicated that the surface layer structure of WKSF has significant effects on the compression performance of SF-WKSF, the SF-WKSF made with denser surface layer structure shows higher compressive modulus and yield strength compared to neat syntactic foam (NSF).

Energy absorption and Poisson's ratio of warp-knitted spacer fabrics under uniaxial tension

2018 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 903-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuping Chang ◽  
Pibo Ma
Keyword(s):  
Uniaxial Tension ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Poisson’S Ratio ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Poisson's Ratio ◽  
Structural Deformation ◽  
Loading Capacity ◽  
Deformation Capacity ◽  
Spacer Fabric ◽  
Spacer Fabrics

This paper presents five different auxetic warp-knitted spacer fabrics and discusses their energy absorption under uniaxial tension through integrals of stress on strain. Structures of auxetic fabrics are designed based on rotating hexagonal models and knitted for experimental tests, including Poisson's ratio tests and tensile tests. Results show that energy absorption of auxetic warp-knitted spacer fabric is mainly determined by its structural deformation capacity and yarn loading capacity, between which the yarn loading capacity of fabrics plays the dominant part in energy absorption, while the structural deformation capacity, which is affected by Poisson's ratio, has relatively little influence. With equivalent yarn loading capacity, the energy absorption of fabrics with negative Poisson's ratios are relatively better.

scholarly journals Effect of Silicone Inlaid Materials on Reinforcing Compressive Strength of Weft-Knitted Spacer Fabric for Cushioning Applications

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (21) ◽  
pp. 3645
Author(s):  
Annie Yu ◽  
Sachiko Sukigara ◽  
Miwa Shirakihara
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strain ◽  
Compression Properties ◽  
Elastic Tubes ◽  
Compression Behaviour ◽  
Silicone Foam ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Spacer Fabric ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Spacer Fabrics

Spacer fabrics are commonly used as cushioning materials. They can be reinforced by using a knitting method to inlay materials into the connective layer which reinforces the structure of the fabric. The compression properties of three samples that were fabricated by inlaying three different types of silicone-based elastic tubes and one sample without inlaid material have been investigated. The mechanical properties of the elastic tubes were evaluated and their relationship to the compression properties of the inlaid spacer fabrics was analysed. The compression behaviour of the spacer fabrics at an initial compressive strain of 10% is not affected by the presence of the inlaid tubes. The Young’s modulus of the inlaid tubes shows a correlation with fabric compression. Amongst the inlaid fabric samples, the spacer fabric inlaid with highly elastic silicone foam tubes can absorb more compression energy, while that inlaid with silicone tubes of higher tensile strength has higher compressive stiffness.

Study on the Compression Properties of Epoxy Matrix Composites Reinforced by PES Warp-Knitted Spacer Fabric

2011 ◽  
Vol 217-218 ◽  
pp. 1208-1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Lei Huo ◽  
Guo Li Zhang ◽  
Jia Lu Li ◽  
Guang Wei Chen ◽  
Li Chen
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Investigation ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Resin Content ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Coating Technology ◽  
Compression Properties ◽  
Fabric Composite ◽  
Spacer Fabric ◽  
Fabric Composites

This research paper presents an experimental investigation on the compression and compressive resilience properties of warp-knitted spacer fabric composites with different resin content and different kinds of resin. By means of hand roller coating technology, four kinds of warp-knitted spacer fabric composites were made. The experiments were tested according to GB/T1453-2005 and ISO3386/2:1984. It is shown that the resin content and resin type seriously affect the compression and compressive resilience properties of warp-knitted spacer fabric composite. The data indicated that when the warp-knitted spacer fabric composite coated with the same kind of resin, with increasing resin content the elastic modulus added and the compressive resilience decreased. Having the same resin content, the compression properties of pacer fabric composite increase with the increase of flexural strength of resin; while the compressive resilience decrease.

Preparation of soft composite reinforced with auxetic warp-knitted spacer fabric for stab resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanli Xu ◽  
Yaxin Sun ◽  
Haitao Lin ◽  
Chunyan Wei ◽  
Pibo Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Layer Structure ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Shear Resistance ◽  
Testing System ◽  
Filling Rate ◽  
Spacer Fabric ◽  
Stab Resistance ◽  
Spacer Fabrics ◽  
Silicone Rubbers ◽  
Soft Composite

Auxetic warp-knitted spacer fabrics have gained increasing interest due to their excellent properties, such as shear resistance, indentation resistance, synclastic curvature and so on. Soft composites made from auxetic warp-knitted spacer fabrics and A/B two-component silicone rubbers were studied in this paper. The stabbing resistance of composites made by different auxetic fabrics (Fabrics 1–4#) and at different filling rates (0%, 20%, 40%, 70%, 100%), respectively, were tested using a universal Material Testing System. The results show that the peak load, energy absorption and deformation displacement of the composites increase with an increase of auxetic performance and filling rate. In addition, a better auxetic effect and larger filling rate can result in less damage. The composites with a higher filling rate are more like an elastomer. The auxetic effect also has an important role in stabbing resistance, which is due to fabrics with a larger negative Poisson's ratio value having a denser face layer structure and more deformable units, which can lead to better stabbing resistance for the composites.

Analysis of the damping property of warp-knitted spacer fabrics under damped free vibration

2017 ◽  
Vol 88 (7) ◽  
pp. 790-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoyu Chen ◽  
Junli Chen ◽  
Fengxin Sun ◽  
Huijuan Yang ◽  
Zhaoqun Du
Keyword(s):  
Free Vibration ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Elastic Behavior ◽  
Vibration Displacement ◽  
Vibration Period ◽  
Damping Property ◽  
Vibration Model ◽  
Spacer Fabric ◽  
Spacer Fabrics

The main content dealt with in this paper was to carry out a theoretical analysis of the damping property of spacer fabric used as cushion materials. A free vibration test was conducted and the corresponding model was established based on a single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) system by considering the viscous–elastic behavior of spacer fabric during free vibration. Displacement–time curves of spacer fabric were calculated by a second-order integral of acceleration and time curves recorded by an accelerator sensor. Then, vibration indexes, including the damping ratio, damping coefficient, logarithmic decrement and free vibration period, were featured based on a SDOF model. The experimental results of damping ratio and displacement–time curves were compared with the theoretical results. It indicated that the vibration model was effective to characterize the free vibration of spacer fabric. Moreover, the effects of different structural parameters, including thickness, filament diameter, area density and inclination angle and arrangement of spacer filaments, of the spacer fabric on the damping property were also investigated. This is helpful to better design spacer fabrics with a good damping property.

Effect of inlaid elastic yarns and inlay pattern on physical properties and compression behaviour of weft-knitted spacer fabric

2020 ◽  
pp. 152808372094774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie Yu ◽  
Sachiko Sukigara ◽  
Shunji Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Air Permeability ◽  
Compression Properties ◽  
Compression Behaviour ◽  
Spacer Fabric ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Cost Efficient ◽  
End Use ◽  
Fabric Weight ◽  
Spacer Fabrics ◽  
And Control

Spacer fabrics are commonly used as cushioning materials. Their compression properties are one of the most important concerns in determining their specific end-use. Therefore, it is time and cost- efficient to have another means available that could allow quick and easy modifications to the compression behaviour of spacer fabrics and control them too. In this study, a method that uses an elastic inlay is adopted to modify the physical and compression properties of spacer fabrics. Fifteen samples constructed with different spacer structures and inlay yarns and patterns were fabricated and then evaluated. The results show that spacer fabrics with different thicknesses, densities and compression behaviours can be obtained by using different inlay patterns and elastic yarns. Increasing the number of miss stitches in the inlay pattern can help to increase the thickness and stiffness of spacer fabric and withstand a higher compression strength. However, when the number of miss stitches further increases to 3 miss stitches between every tuck stitch, the irregularity of the spacer structure would increase and could show adverse effects to certain spacer structures. The spacer fabric made by incorporating an elastic inlay can retain air permeability and a lower fabric weight than that made by the knit stitches of elastic yarns together with the surface yarns. By changing the inlay pattern, a spacer fabric with different compression behaviours in different areas of the same fabric can be realised. This novel method can increase the flexibility of creating a spacer fabric with the desired properties.

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