The molecular identification of Calodium hepaticum in the wild brown rat (Rattus norvegicus) in Poland

2017 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Buńkowska-Gawlik ◽  
Agnieszka Perec-Matysiak ◽  
Klaudia Burzyńska ◽  
Joanna Hildebrand
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Parasitic Nematode ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
First Finding ◽  
Calodium Hepaticum ◽  
Brown Rat ◽  
In The Wild

Abstractis a parasitic nematode found primarily in rodents but known to infect numerous other mammal species, and causing in humans the hepatic calodiasis. Herein, we present the first finding of

scholarly journals Monitoring invasive mammalian predator populations sharing habitat with the Critically Endangered Puerto Rican parrot Amazona vittata

Oryx ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Engeman ◽  
Desley Whisson ◽  
Jessica Quinn ◽  
Felipe Cano ◽  
Pedro Quiñones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Critically Endangered ◽  
Mammal Species ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
The World ◽  
Mammalian Predators ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Amazona Vittata ◽  
Black Rats

Critically Endangered Puerto Rican parrots Amazona vittata are one of the rarest birds in the world. Several exotic mammal species capable of preying on Puerto Rican parrots cohabit the Caribbean National Forest with the only wild population of these parrots. We used tracking plates, monitoring blocks and trapping to index black rats, small Indian mongooses and feral cats in parrot habitat and in public-use areas in the same habitat type. We had high trap success for black rats at all sites (42% of all sites combined), among the highest reported in the world. Rat response to monitoring (nontoxic bait) blocks was universally high, regardless of ground or tree placement. Mongooses were present at all sites, with a greater proportion of plates tracked within the forest than at public-use sites. Cats were present at all forest sites and one of the public-use sites. Presence of the three species did not appear to be linked to human disturbance. Because only 30–40 Puerto Rican parrots survive in the wild, with as few as three pairs nesting in 2002, we concluded that the abundance and pervasiveness of exotic mammalian predators poses a greater threat to the parrots than has been generally acknowledged. This is evidenced by mammalian predation during recent parrot breeding seasons, including six fledglings taken by mongooses and one nest failure from rats during 2000–2003.

scholarly journals Damage to wheat by enclosed populations of Rattus norvegicus

1951 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. A. Barnett
Keyword(s):  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Monetary Loss ◽  
Brown Rat ◽  
The Common

Small enclosed populations of the common brown rat (ten to twenty-six rats), each with access to one ton of sacked wheat for 12–28 weeks, caused a loss in weight of 4·4% of the wheat. 70·4% of the wheat was fouled and had to be cleaned before use. The main monetary loss was due to damage to sacks. Total monetary loss was 18·23% of the original value of the wheat and sacks.

scholarly journals Inheritance of Scottish-type resistance to warfarin in the Norway rat

1976 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Greaves ◽  
P. B. Ayres
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Gene ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
Inheritance Of Resistance ◽  
Response To Selection ◽  
Norway Rat ◽  
Group I ◽  
Wild Rat ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Warfarin Resistance

SUMMARYThe inheritance of resistance to the rodenticide, warfarin, in the Norway rat, Rattus norvegicus, derived from a wild rat population in Scotland was studied in the backcross, intercross and testcross. The resistance was found to be due to a major gene with about the same map position in Linkage Group I as the warfarin-resistance gene, Rw2, which occurs in the wild rat population in Wales. In heterozygotes, the Scottish resistance gene, unlike the Welsh gene, is incompletely penetrant in expression, though the penetrance was found to increase markedly in response to selection. Differences between the Scottish and Welsh types of resistance suggest that the two resistance genes are allelic.

scholarly journals Enzootic Hepatic Capillariasis (Calodium hepaticum) in Street Rats (Rattus norvegicus) from Marseille City, France

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1048
Author(s):  
Cédric Roqueplo ◽  
Hubert Lepidi ◽  
Hacène Medkour ◽  
Younes Laidoudi ◽  
Jean-Lou Marié ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risks ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Human Population ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Small Rodents ◽  
Public Health Risks ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Calodium Hepaticum ◽  
The City ◽  
Hepatic Capillariasis

Hepatic capillariasis is a rare and neglected zoonosis affecting wild and synanthropic small rodents. It is caused by infection with Calodium hepaticum in liver. Despite the worldwide distribution of the host Rattus norvegicus (brown or street rats) in the urban area, the epidemiological status of this parasitosis remains unknown. In the present study, we examined a total of 27 brown rats from the city centre and a garden (four km from the city centre) of Marseille, France. All rats were autopsied and 52% showed the presence of C. hepaticum eggs in the liver. This result draws general attention to public health risks, since street rats are living near the human population.

scholarly journals Global population divergence and admixture of the brown rat ( Rattus norvegicus )

2016 ◽  
Vol 283 (1841) ◽  
pp. 20161762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily E. Puckett ◽  
Jane Park ◽  
Matthew Combs ◽  
Michael J. Blum ◽  
Juliet E. Bryant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Structure ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
Population Divergence ◽  
Western North America ◽  
Westward Expansion ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Brown Rat ◽  
Commensal Rodents ◽  
Global Population

Native to China and Mongolia, the brown rat ( Rattus norvegicus ) now enjoys a worldwide distribution. While black rats and the house mouse tracked the regional development of human agricultural settlements, brown rats did not appear in Europe until the 1500s, suggesting their range expansion was a response to relatively recent increases in global trade. We inferred the global phylogeography of brown rats using 32 k SNPs, and detected 13 evolutionary clusters within five expansion routes. One cluster arose following a southward expansion into Southeast Asia. Three additional clusters arose from two independent eastward expansions: one expansion from Russia to the Aleutian Archipelago, and a second to western North America. Westward expansion resulted in the colonization of Europe from which subsequent rapid colonization of Africa, the Americas and Australasia occurred, and multiple evolutionary clusters were detected. An astonishing degree of fine-grained clustering between and within sampling sites underscored the extent to which urban heterogeneity shaped genetic structure of commensal rodents. Surprisingly, few individuals were recent migrants, suggesting that recruitment into established populations is limited. Understanding the global population structure of R. norvegicus offers novel perspectives on the forces driving the spread of zoonotic disease, and aids in development of rat eradication programmes.

scholarly journals Molecular Identification and Ecology of a Newly Discovered Population of Sun Catfish Horabagrus brachysoma from Northern Western Ghats of India

ISRN Zoology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Unmesh Katwate ◽  
Rupesh Raut ◽  
Mayura Khot ◽  
Mandar Paingankar ◽  
Neelesh Dahanukar
Keyword(s):  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Habitat Requirements ◽  
Potential Habitat ◽  
Western Ghats Of India ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
The Western Ghats

Horabagrus brachysoma, thought to be endemic to the southern parts of the Western Ghats of India, is recorded for the northern parts of the Western Ghats, extending the species distribution range by 180 km. We have confirmed the identity of the species and the fact that the species is indigenous to this area and not an artifact of recent introductions using molecular methods. Apart from the range extension we have also provided detailed analysis regarding the nature of morphometric variations between the sexes, length-weight relationship, and a brief discussion about the potential habitat requirements and threats to this species. By documenting the possible threats to this threatened and endemic species, we have commented on the possible measures to conserve the species in the wild.

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