scholarly journals Locally Reinforcement TiC-Fe Type Produced in Situ in Castings

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Olejnik ◽  
Ł. Szymański ◽  
P. Kurtyka ◽  
T. Tokarski ◽  
W. Maziarz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
Mineral Raw Materials ◽  
Energy Consuming ◽  
The Subject

Abstract Refinement is one of the most energy consuming technological process, aimed at obtaining mineral raw materials of the proper grain size. Cast structural elements such as jaws or hammers in crushing machines operate under conditions of an intensive wear. The data indicate that 80 % of failures of machines and devices is caused by wearing of rubbing surfaces. This problem became the subject of several scientific and industrial investigations carried out in the whole world in order to produce materials ultra- wear resistant. Methods allowing to obtain wear resistant composite castings are discussed in the hereby paper. Within the performed research microstructures of the produced composite zones were presented and the comparative analysis with regard to mechanical and functional properties of local composite reinforcements in relation to the commercial alloys of increased wear resistance was performed. The results show almost twenty five times increase in wear resistance compared to manganese cast steel containing 18 % Mn.

In Situ Synthesis of Fe–TiC Nanocomposite Coating on CK45 Steel From Ilmenite Concentrate by Plasma-Spray Method

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alireza Firouzbakht ◽  
Mansour Razavi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Rahimipour
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Plasma Spray ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Nanocomposite Coating ◽  
In Situ Synthesis ◽  
Phase Identification ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
Spray Process ◽  
Ilmenite Concentrate

These days wear-resistant coatings including Fe–TiC composites because of their properties such as high melting point, hardness, and wear resistance are used in different fields such as aerospace, transport, cutting, and abrasive. In situ synthesis of Fe–TiC nanocomposite as a wear-resistant coating by the plasma-spray process is the purpose of this study. Ilmenite concentrate and carbon black were used as raw materials. Three kinds of powders with different conditions were prepared and sprayed on CK45 steel substrates in constant conditions. Microstructure, phase identification, wear resistance, and hardness of coated samples were determined. The results showed that activated sample was synthesized during the plasma spray, but in situ synthesize did not happen for inactive sample which was sprayed by plasma spray. Also, wear resistance and hardness tests showed by synthesis of Fe–TiC composite in coated samples, wear resistance, and hardness were increased.

IN SITU DEPOSITION OF Fe-TiC NANOCOMPOSITE ON STEEL BY LASER CLADDING

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (06) ◽  
pp. 1750080 ◽  
Author(s):  
MANSOUR RAZAVI ◽  
MOHAMMAD REZA RAHIMIPOUR ◽  
MOJDEH GANJI ◽  
MANSOREH GANJALI ◽  
MONIREH GANGALI
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Nanocomposite Coating ◽  
Laser Method ◽  
In Situ Deposition ◽  
Coating Method ◽  
Crystallite Sizes ◽  
Laser Coating

The possibility of deposition of Fe–TiC nanocomposite on the surface of carbon steel substrate with the laser coating method had been investigated. Mechanical milling was used for the preparation of raw materials. The mixture of milled powders was used as a coating material on the substrate steel surface and a CO2 laser was used in continuous mode for coating. Microstructural studies were performed by scanning electron microscopy. Determinations of produced phases, crystallite size and mean strain have been done by X-ray diffraction. The hardness and wear resistance of coated samples were measured. The results showed that the in situ formation of Fe–TiC nanocomposite coating using laser method is possible. This coating has been successfully used to improve the hardness and wear resistance of the substrate so that the hardness increased by about six times. Coated iron and titanium carbide crystallite sizes were in the nanometer scale.

Investigation on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of the New CrWMoV High-Alloy Wear Resistant Cast Iron

2014 ◽  
Vol 1061-1062 ◽  
pp. 670-673
Author(s):  
Zheng Ting Wang ◽  
Hong Ming Gao
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Cast Iron ◽  
Impact Toughness ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Rockwell Hardness ◽  
High Alloy ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
Average Impact ◽  
Result Show

This paper mainly introduces the new CrWMoV high-alloy wear resistant cast iron prepared by the composition design, the composition proportion and the melting and pouring, and analyses its microstructure and wear resistance. Microstructures and phases of the new CrWMoV high-alloy wear resistant cast iron were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectrometer and X-ray diffract meter. Furthermore, the Rockwell hardness, impact toughness and wear resistance of the material were also studied. The result show that the composition of the new CrWMoV high-alloy wear resistant cast iron is mainly (V, W) C particles which is synthesized in-situ and evenly distributed in the composite, as well as a small amount of (Cr, Fe) 7C3 phase and Fe-Cr phase. The average Rockwell hardness of the composite is about 64.5 HRC, the average impact toughness is 9.85 J/cm2, and the relative wear ability of the composite is about 2 times higher than the Cr15Mo2Cu which shows good wear resistance.

DEVELOPMENTAL FEATURES OF NON-URBAN AREAS USING LOCAL PEAT RESOURCES IN A SUSTAINABLE WAY

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Alexander Semin
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
External Environment ◽  
Social Infrastructure ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Mineral Raw Materials ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
Cluster Type ◽  
Developmental Features

The purpose of the study: The purpose of the study is to assess the regional potential of the territory enriched with peat resources and to develop strategic directions and mechanisms aimed at its further sustainable and competitive development. The methodology: Methodology is based on a systematic analysis of socio-economic processes, the use of monographic studies, the use of abstract-logical, economic-statistical, computational-constructive, and expert research methods. The object of the research is the production and social infrastructure of out-of-town territories. The subject of the research is to identify patterns, trends, and features of the formation and functioning of the industrial and social infrastructure of the out-of-town territory. Main findings: The use of new technological processes and equipment for the processing of peat and mineral raw materials was substantiated scientifically to obtain new composite materials for multipurpose applications. The features of the use of local peat resources in ensuring the development of out-of-town territories were investigated based on a set of scientific approaches. The feasibility and effectiveness of the application of project management for the natural and technogenic complex to ensure multi-criteria optimization of the production and social infrastructure were established. Applications of this study: The results of this study were tested and implemented within the territory of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug-Yugra, which made it possible to develop a strategy for the development of a cluster-type okrug and increase the efficiency of using local peat resources of extra-urban areas. The novelty (originality) of this study lies in the fact that the conducted research enabled to identify new features of the use of local peat resources in ensuring sustainable development of out-of-town territories, and to develop a strategy of socio-economic development adequate to new challenges of the external environment.

scholarly journals Preparation and Characterization of In Situ Carbide Particle Reinforced Fe-Based Gradient Materials by Laser Melt Deposition

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weian Zong ◽  
Song Zhang ◽  
Chunhua Zhang ◽  
Chenliang Wu ◽  
Jingbo Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Steel Powder ◽  
Gradient Material ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
Gradient Materials ◽  
Melt Deposition ◽  
Surface Rigidity ◽  
Better Than

To obtain the wear-resistant camshaft with surface rigidity and core toughness and improve the service life of camshaft, wear-resistant Fe-based alloy gradient material was prepared by laser melt deposition. The traditional camshaft was forged by 12CrNi2V. In this paper, four types of wear-resistant Fe-based powders were designed by introducing various content of Cr3C2 and V-rich Fe-based alloy (FeV50) into stainless steel powder. The results showed that the gradient materials formed a satisfactory metallurgical bond. The composition of the phases was mainly composed of α-Fe, Cr23C6, and V2C phases. The increasing of Cr3C2 and FeV50 led to transform V2C into the V8C7. The microstructures were mainly cellular dendrite and intergranular structure. Due to the addition of Cr3C2 and FeV50, the average microhardness and wear resistance of gradient materials were significantly better than that of 12CrNi2V. The sample with 8% V had the highest microhardness of 853 ± 18 HV, which was 2.6 times higher than that of 12CrNi2V. The sample with 6% V had the best wear resistance, which was 21 times greater than that of 12CrNi2V.

scholarly journals Reactive wear protection through strong and deformable oxide nanocomposite surfaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Zhiming Li ◽  
Wenjun Lu ◽  
Yan Bao ◽  
Wenzhen Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Homogeneous Deformation ◽  
Material Loss ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Wear Protection ◽  
Order Of Magnitude

AbstractWear-related energy and material loss cost over 2500 Billion Euro per year. Traditional wisdom suggests that high-strength materials reveal low wear rates, yet, their plastic deformation mechanisms also influence their wear performance. High strength and homogeneous deformation behavior, which allow accommodating plastic strain without cracking or localized brittle fracture, are crucial for developing wear-resistant metals. Here, we present an approach to achieve superior wear resistance via in-situ formation of a strong and deformable oxide nanocomposite surface during wear, by reaction of the metal surface with its oxidative environment, a principle that we refer to as ‘reactive wear protection’. We design a TiNbZr-Ag alloy that forms an amorphous-crystalline oxidic nanocomposite surface layer upon dry sliding. The strong (2.4 GPa yield strength) and deformable (homogeneous deformation to 20% strain) nanocomposite surface reduces the wear rate of the TiNbZr-Ag alloy by an order of magnitude. The reactive wear protection strategy offers a pathway for designing ultra-wear resistant alloys, where otherwise brittle oxides are turned to be strong and deformable for improving wear resistance.

In Situ Metallography Applications in the Pipeline Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 790-796
Author(s):  
B Amend ◽  
M Gould ◽  
P Veloo ◽  
O Oneal ◽  
R Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Digital Image Analysis ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Visual Examination ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Photo Documentation ◽  
General Quality ◽  
The Subject

The Merriam-Webster Dictionary defines metallography as “a study of the structure of metals, especially with the microscope.” The structure of a steel visible at high magnification can reveal information about how the steel was formed or heat-treated, the general “quality” of the steel, whether any observed discontinuities originated during manufacturing or while the component was in service, and the extent to which properties may be consistent across the wall thickness. Microstructural features such as grain size, the amount and distribution of inclusions, and the types and amounts of different microstructural phases are known to influence a material’s properties. In some cases, the observed attributes are qualitatively characterized. In other cases, manual or digital image analysis facilitates quantitative descriptions of attributes such as grain size, the percent of a selected phase, or inclusions that are present. Typically, small sections are cut from the pipe or other component and metallographic sample preparation and examination are performed in a laboratory. When destructive sampling is impractical, the specimen preparation, visual examination, and related photo documentation can be performed nondestructively in the field. That process is known as “in situ metallography” and is the subject of this paper.

scholarly journals Use of Clay Materials in the Construction of Protective Barriers at Radiation Hazardous Facilities

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 39-53
Author(s):  
K. V. Martynov ◽  
◽  
E. V. Zakharova ◽  
A. N. Dorofeev ◽  
A. A. Zubkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mineral Raw Materials ◽  
Barrier Materials ◽  
Colloidal Properties ◽  
Clay Barriers ◽  
Clay Barrier ◽  
Clay Materials

The article discusses the types of mineral raw materials that can be used to manufacture clay barrier materials. The paper evaluates the characteristics of materials governing the performance of clay barriers: grain size, mineral and chemical composition, physical, mechanical (in dry state) and colloidal properties, stability in the environment. It considers the methods used to identify these characteristics and provides relevant examples.

scholarly journals Selected Plastics Wear Resistance to Bonded Abrasive Particles Compared to Some Ferrous Materials

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-393
Author(s):  
Milan Brožek
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Structural Steel ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cast Steel ◽  
High Speed Steel ◽  
Test Sample ◽  
Wear Intensity ◽  
Wear Resistant ◽  
Fe Alloys ◽  
Grey Iron

Plastics are macromolecular materials without we cannot imagine any branch of human activity with. Plastics have unique properties, often very different from metals. At the choice of the concrete plastic for the concrete application it is necessary to evaluate its mechanical, physical, chemical and technological properties. In last years producers offer also plastics for production of parts exposed to different types of wear. In the contribution the results of wear resistance studying of 10 types of plastics (PTFE, PVC, POM-C, PC, PETP, PEEK, PA66, PP, PA6E and PE-UHMW) of one producer are published and compared with test results of four different Fe alloys (grey iron, structural steel, cast steel wear resistant and high-speed steel). The laboratory tests were carried out using the pin-on-disk machine with abrasive cloth (according to ČSN 01 5084), when the abrasive clothes of three different grits (240, 120 and 60) were used. It corresponds to the average abrasive grain sizes of 44.5 µm, 115.5 µm and 275 µm. During the test the test sample was pressed to the abrasive cloth by the pressure of 0.1 MPa. The wear intensity was assessed by the volume, weight and length losses of tested samples. The technical-economical evaluation was the part of the carried out tests. It was univocally proved that at the intensive abrasive wear using the abrasive cloth the best results shows the High-Speed Steel HSS Poldi Radeco 19 810 according to ČSN 41 9810, although its price is relatively high. Other tested Fe alloys, namely grey iron according to ČSN 42 2415, structural steel 11 373 according to ČSN 41 1373 and wear resistant cast steel VPH 6 showed also very favourable properties at the material low price. In comparison with Fe alloys the wear of all plastics was considerably higher and the plastics were considerably more expensive.

scholarly journals Effect of Rare Earth on Microstructure and Wear Resistance of In-Situ-Synthesized Mo2FeB2 Ceramics-Reinforced Fe-Based Cladding

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 3633
Author(s):  
Jun Jin ◽  
Junsheng Sun ◽  
Weimin Wang ◽  
Jijun Song ◽  
Hu Xu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Sintered Sample ◽  
Area Fraction ◽  
Grain Refining ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Carbon Arc

Mo2FeB2 ceramics-reinforced Fe-based cladding with various rare earth (RE) concentrations were prepared by the carbon arc surfacing process. The effects of RE content on the microstructure, phase composition, hardness and wear resistance of the cladding were systematically discussed. Meanwhile, the area fraction and grain size of Mo2FeB2 phase were exactly measured. Moreover, the refining mechanism of rare earth Y was analyzed. Results revealed that the claddings consisted of Mo2FeB2, FeCr, MoB and CrB. Adding the rare-earth Y decreased the grain sizes of Mo2FeB2 phase. Furthermore, grain-refining effects of Mo2FeB2 phase were significant when the RE content was 2% and hard phases evenly distributed in the cladding. In addition, the maximum microhardness value of claddings was about 1078 HV. The claddings with 2% RE contents had better wear resistance, which was equivalent to a sintered sample.

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