scholarly journals The effect of ultrasonic disintegration process conditions on the physicochemical characteristics of excess sludge

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malwina Tytła ◽  
Ewa Zielewicz
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Excess Sludge ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Favorable Conditions

Abstract Ultrasonic disintegration, as a method of sludge pre-treatment (before the stabilization process), causes changes in their physicochemical characteristics. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of ultrasonic disintegration conditions (sonication) on the changes in the physicochemical characteristics of sonicated sludge, i.e. an increase in the content of organic substances in the supernatant, sludge dewaterability and flocs structure. Thickened and non-thickened excess sludge from the municipal wastewater treatment plant in Gliwice was disintegrated. The process was conducted, using a high-power disintegrator equipped with a lenticular horn. In order to determine the most favorable conditions, the sewage sludge was sonicated at a wave frequency of f=25 kHz (as a function of time), with a different samples volume (V1=0.5 and V2=1 L) and emitter position of 1 and the 2.5 cm from the bottom of the chamber in which the process was conducted. The disintegration of sewage sludge was carried out with a specific energy density (EV) in the range from 10 to 30 kWh/m3. The evaluation of the disintegration effects was based on changes in the physicochemical characteristics of the sludge and/or supernatant at the end of the process, expressed by commonly used and author’s disintegration indicators. The best results were obtained for the sludge disintegrated with a volume of V2=1 L and the emitter position of 2.5 cm from the bottom of the chamber. The study confirms that in various operating conditions of ultrasonic disintegration, there is a possibility for obtaining different effects which may influence the course of anaerobic stabilization and quality of the final products of the process.

Performance of hybrid small wastewater treatment system consisting of jet mixed separator and rotating biological contactor

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 63-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshimasa Watanabe ◽  
Yoshihiko Iwasaki
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Hybrid System ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Wastewater Treatment System ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Organic Particles

This paper describes a pilot plant study on the performance of a hybrid small municipal wastewater treatment system consisting of a jet mixed separator(JMS) and upgraded RBC. The JMS was used as a pre-treatment of the RBC instead of the primary clarifier. The treatment capacity of the system was fixed at 100 m3/d, corresponding to the hydraulic loading to the RBC of 117 L/m2/d. The effluent from the grid chamber at a municipal wastewater treatment plant was fed into the hybrid system. The RBC was operated using the electric power produced by a solar electric generation panel with a surface area of 8 m2 under enough sunlight. In order to reduce the organic loading to the RBC, polyaluminium chloride(PAC) was added to the JMS influent to remove the colloidal and suspended organic particles. At the operational condition where the A1 dosage and hydraulic retention time of the JMS were fixed at 5 g/m3 and 45 min., respectively, the average effluent water quality of hybrid system was as follows: TOC=8 g/m3, Total BOD=8 g/m3, SS=8 g/m3, Turbidity=6 TU, NH4-N=7 g/m3, T-P=0.5 g/m3. In this operating condition, electric power consumption of the RBC for treating unit volume of wastewater is only 0.07 KWH/m3.

scholarly journals Modelling the bioenergy potential of municipal wastewater treatment plants

2018 ◽  
Vol 77 (11) ◽  
pp. 2613-2623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerstin Schopf ◽  
Johannes Judex ◽  
Bernhard Schmid ◽  
Thomas Kienberger
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Recovery Efficiency ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Self Sufficiency

Abstract A municipal wastewater treatment plant accounts for a large portion of the total energy consumption of a municipality. Besides their high energy demand, the plants also display a significant bioenergy potential. This is due to the utilisation of the energy content of digester gas and sewage sludge if there exist suitable units. To maximise the energy recovery efficiency of wastewater treatment systems (WWTS), it is important to analyse the amount of digester gas and sludge produced in different types of plants. Therefore, the present paper deals with designing a tool to answer the following research questions: Which bioenergy potentials occur in different plant types? Which mass and energy flows are related to the specific potentials? Which utilisation processes for the potentials can lead to a high energy recovery efficiency of WWTS? Preliminary analyses with the designed tool were focused on estimating the level of electric and thermal energy self-sufficiency of different plant configuration scenarios including or excluding digester gas and/or sludge utilisation units. First results based on the level of self-sufficiency and associated energy and disposal costs show that a digester gas and sewage sludge utilisation should be considered when designing future WWTS.

scholarly journals The determination of fertiliser quality of the formed struvite from a WWTP

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. González ◽  
B. Fernández ◽  
F. Molina ◽  
M. A. Camargo-Valero ◽  
C. Peláez
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sand Column ◽  
Global Food Security ◽  
Dewatered Sewage Sludge

Abstract Struvite from nutrient-rich wastewaters has been identified as a potential substitute for commercial mineral fertilisers, with the added benefit of reducing threats to global food security by prolonging phosphate rock reserves. A fertilisation test using grass (Brachiaria brizantha Marandú) and a sand column leaching test was conducted to determine the agronomic effectiveness of struvite precipitates produced from the supernatant of dewatered sewage sludge (centrate) from a municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). The performance of this struvite as a fertiliser was compared with Biosolids and commercial fertilisers (Urea and Triple15). The results show that the concentration of heavy metals in struvite was lower than in Biosolids and below the limits of Colombia and European fertiliser regulations. Struvite increased the uptake of N and P in grass, resulting in crop yields similar to other treatments tested. Struvite use as an effective slow-release fertiliser is highly dependent on the size of crystal particles, particularly in achieving low P losses but resulted in high N loss in the sand columns tested; N loses from struvite were higher than in the commercial fertilisers due to the struvite small particle size. Therefore, struvite represents a suitable opportunity to recover and recycle nutrients from municipal sewage sludge, facilitating the effective reuse of P and N in agriculture and uptake by plants.

Study on Rapid High-Efficient Composting Process of Sewage Sludge

2014 ◽  
Vol 955-959 ◽  
pp. 2940-2943
Author(s):  
Ke Zhao ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Yu Ting Zhang ◽  
Ying Ying Yin
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
High Efficient

Based on the static composting process of municipal sewage sludge, the parameters of the treatment process were studied, including moisture, temperature, pH, organic matter, total phosphorus, the number of bacterial and GI(Germination Index). The decomposition of organic matter and phosphorus concentration were obvious and the amount of bacteria varied regularly. After the composting, pH, water contend, organic matter and GI all met Disposal of sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plant-Control standard for agricultural use.

scholarly journals The use of constructed wetlands for the treatment of industrial wastewater

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 233-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Skrzypiecbcef ◽  
Magdalena H. Gajewskaad
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetlands ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Pilot Scale ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Treatment Wetland ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Pollutants Removal ◽  
Pre Treatment

Abstract Constructed wetlands are characterized by specific conditions enabling simultaneous various physical and biochemical processes. This is the result of specific environment for the growth of microorganisms and hydrophytes (aquatic and semiaquatic plants) which are capable of living in aerobic, anaerobic and facultative anaerobic conditions. Their interaction contributes to the intensification of oxidation and reduction responsible for the removal and retention of pollutants. These processes are supported by sorption, sedimentation and assimilation. Thanks to these advantages, treatment wetland systems have been used in communal management for over 50 years. In recent years, thanks to its advantages, low operational costs and high removal efficiency, there is growing interest in the use of constructed wetlands for the treatment or pre-treatment of various types of industrial wastewater. The study analyzes current use of these facilities for the treatment of industrial wastewater in the world. The conditions of use and efficiency of pollutants removal from readily and slowly biodegradable wastewater, with special emphasis on specific and characteristic pollutants of particular industries were presented. The use of subsurface horizontal flow beds for the treatment of industrial wastewater, among others from crude oil processing, paper production, food industry including wineries and distillery, olive oil production and coffee processing was described. In Poland constructed wetlands are used for the treatment of sewage and sludge from milk processing in pilot scale or for dewatering of sewage sludge produced in municipal wastewater treatment plant treating domestic sewage with approximately 40% share of wastewater from dairy and fish industry. In all cases, constructed wetlands provided an appropriate level of treatment and in addition the so-called ecosystem service.

scholarly journals Reclamation of phosphogypsum deposition site in Wislinka near Gdansk with municipal sewage sludge

2019 ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Piotr Kowalik ◽  
Ewa Wojciechowska
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Land Application ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Municipal Sewage Sludge ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Enteric Parasites ◽  
Post Industrial

Utilization of sewage sludge is becoming one of the biggest environmental problems.One of the possible solutions is application of sludge to soil amendment. Sludge is a goodnatural fertilizer due to high concentration of organic carbon and nutrient elements (N, P).On the contrary, sewage sludge also contains heavy metals and may be contaminatedwith enteric parasites. Thus application of sludge to land could result in contamination ofsurface and ground waters and including trace metals in the food chains due tocontamination of plants grown on sludge amended soils. Hence land application of sludgeought to be carefully monitored and follow stringent regulations, which are often difficultto fulfil. However, if sludge is applied to reclamation of degraded post-industrial lands,waste deposition sites, landfills and formation of soil-like surface layer on soil-lessgrounds, the restrictions are not so stringent and easier to fulfil than in cases when cropsare grown on sludge amended soils.In the article reclamation of a phosphogypsum deposition site in Wislinka near Gdanskusing sewage sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) is discussed.Phosphogypsum deposit in Wislinka for many years has been one of the biggestenvironmental problems of the region, causing permanent complainants from localcommunities. Reclamation of the deposition site started in 1999 and has been continuedup till now. Covering of the slopes with a layer of sludge reduces dangerous wind erosionof dust and promotes plants succession.

scholarly journals Stability of Selected PAHs in Sewage Sludge/ Stabilność Wybranych Wwa W Osadach Ściekowych

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 95-105
Author(s):  
Maria Włodarczyk-Makuła
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Sewage Sludges

Abstract The aim of the investigations was to estimate the half-life of selected PAHs in sewage sludge. Five hydrocarbons selected from 16 PAHs- EPA were chosen. In this study, the quantity changes in the concentration 3- and 4-ring of PAHs in sewage sludges were investigated. Sewage sludges were stored under aerobic conditions for 12 weeks. At the same time the sewage sludges with the added sodium azide, in order to deactivate the microorganisms (abiotic samples), were also stored. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to qualify and quantify PAHs in 2-week intervals. Sewage sludges were taken from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. Under experimental conditions the half-lives of individual compounds were diversed. In biotic samples halflife of hydrocarbons was in the range of 19 to 368 days. Half-life of PAHs in abiotic sewage sludges was in the range of 31 to 2961 days. The most persistent were phenanthrene.

scholarly journals From laboratory experiment to large scale application: case studies of the phytoremediation of chemical agents of agents of the sludge fields at Kharkiv wastewater treatment plant, Ukraine

2007 ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
Nataliia Suchkova ◽  
Yuri Vergeles
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Heavy Metal Accumulation ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
In Situ Experiments

The contamination of the sewage sludge fields of municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) by heavy metals, hydrocarbons or other pollutants is a major environmental problem. Sludge can retain up to 96% of all the metals entering the WWTPs in sewage, therefore, when it is disposed to land, heavy metals will be accumulated in the soil. Effects of heavy metal accumulation are long lasting and even permanent. Phytotoxicity is the main problem, although metals can be transferred directly to man via vegetables and other crops or indirectly via animals, primarily cattle, eating herbage (zootoxic). The common metals in sludge are Zn, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cr, and Cd which are generally the most toxic metal found in high concentration.Conventional treatment techniques of contaminated territory suffer from serious shortcomings which limit their applicability and efficiency. These include high cost and maintenance requirements, the need to transfer the contamination from one medium to another, and the extended duration of the operation. Alternatives to these treatments lie in in­situ phytoremediation. Plants are among the most tolerant organisms to pollution, which emphasizes their utility for the detoxification or degradation of pollutants. The concept of phytoremediation was inspired by the discovery of hyper-accumulators, most of which belong to the botanical families Brassicaceae, Poaceae, Papilionaceae, Caryophyllaceae, and Asteraceae, which provide most of the candidates for heavy metal phytoremediation. Two other families are important - the Salicaceae with the genera Salix and Populus, which are effective against a range of pollutants; and the Betaceae which contribute species effective against salt ions and small (few rings) polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Some Asteraceae species have been shown to be good phytoremediants of radionuclide pollution [ I ].This paper summarizes the results obtained from laboratory, as well as from in-situ experiments (sludge fields at Kharkiv's WWTP, total area is approx. 126 ha) which focused on phytoremediation methodologies for the removal of heavy metals from sewage sludge.

scholarly journals Advanced Purification of Industrial and Mixed Wastewater by Combined Membrance Filtration and Sonochemical Technologies

2017 ◽  
pp. 948-959
Author(s):  
Enrico Fatarella ◽  
Irene Cioni ◽  
Cecilia Caretti ◽  
Enrico Venturini degli Esposti ◽  
Ester Coppini
Keyword(s):  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Textile Wastewater ◽  
Chemical Oxidation ◽  
Municipal Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Textile Production ◽  
Combined Process ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Finishing Processes

The textile sector plays a critical role in this context, because textile companies are large users of water - typically 0.2-0.5 m3 are needed to produce 1 kg of finished product [1] – and they are historically concentrated in districts (e.g. Prato in Italy) located in Southern Member States, such as Italy, Spain and Portugal, which are facing more and more longer periods of drought and therefore are strongly in the need to preserve the availability of water for potable use. The finishing processes (i.e. pre-treatment, dyeing, printing and special finishing) are especially polluting and resource consuming in terms of water, energy and chemicals. Almost the entire of water used in textile production is discharged and, on average, the effluents volume covers 90-95% of the water used [2]. According to that, a new Ultrafiltration/Sonichemical combined process has been investigated on textile wastewater by evaluating the reduction of the pollution load induced by physical separation and by chemical oxidation promoted by Ultrasound cavitation. The experimental campaign carried out at the Municipal Wastewater treatment Plant in Prato showed that the quality of the treated water reaches the target reported in literature [3] for textile manufacturing sectors. An estimation of the costs of the purified water has been assessed and the combined process seems to be promising for further development. The authors would like to thank the European Commission to funding this project (contract number LIFE07/IT/000439) within the LIFE+ Environmental Policy and Governance 2007 Programme.

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