scholarly journals Cavitation erosion degradation of Belzona® coatings

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-33
Author(s):  
Ł. Bolewski ◽  
M. Szkodo ◽  
M. Kmieć
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Steel Surface ◽  
Cavitation Erosion ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Cavitation Resistance ◽  
Maritime Industry ◽  
Drilling Mud ◽  
P110 Steel ◽  
High Elasticity

Abstract In hydrocarbon and maritime industry there is a constant need of materials and coatings withstanding severe conditions. One of adverse phenomena present there is cavitation erosion. The paper presents evaluation of cavitation resistance of three different steel coatings. Belzona 2141 (ACR-Fluid Elastormer), 1321 (Ceramic S-Steal) and 5831 (ST-Barrier) were deployed on P110 steel and subjected to ultrasound cavitation in distilled water and drilling mud environment. According to mass loss measurements Belzona 2141 shows superior performance comparing to two other coatings and bare p110 steel surface. This is due to its high elasticity comparing to steel.

scholarly journals Microstructural and Cavitation Erosion Behavior of the CuAlNi Shape Memory Alloy

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 997
Author(s):  
Tatjana Volkov-Husović ◽  
Ivana Ivanić ◽  
Stjepan Kožuh ◽  
Sanja Stevanović ◽  
Milica Vlahović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shape Memory Alloy ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Shape Memory ◽  
Cavitation Erosion ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Water Quenching ◽  
Resistance Testing ◽  
Metallographic Analysis ◽  
Cavitation Resistance ◽  
Cast State

Microstructural and cavitation erosion testing was carried out on Cu-12.8Al-4.1Ni (wt. %) shape memory alloy (SMA) samples produced by continuous casting followed by heat treatment consisting of solution annealing at 885 °C for 60 min and, later, water quenching. Cavitation resistance testing was applied using a standard ultrasonic vibratory cavitation set up with stationary specimen. Surface changes during the cavitation were monitored by metallographic analysis using an optical microscope (OM), atomic force microscope (AFM), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) as well as by weight measurements. The results revealed a martensite microstructure after both casting and quenching. Microhardness value was higher after water quenching than in the as-cast state. After 420 min of cavitation exposure, a negligible mass loss was noticed for both samples. Based on the obtained results, both samples showed excellent cavitation resistance. Mass loss and morphological analysis of the formed pits indicated better cavitation resistance for the as-cast state (L).

scholarly journals Determination of degradation level during cavitation erosion of zircon based ceramic

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Pavlovic ◽  
Marina Dojcinovic ◽  
Sanja Martinovic ◽  
Milica Vlahovic ◽  
Zoran Stevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Thermal Imaging ◽  
Cavitation Erosion ◽  
Mechanical Shock ◽  
Cavitation Resistance ◽  
Material Degradation ◽  
Surface Degradation ◽  
Erosion Testing ◽  
Erosion Environment

Mechanical shock of zircon based ceramic induced by cavitation erosion testing was investigated in this study. Several parameters were followed in order to determine level of material degradation during the cavitation erosion testing. Mass loss was taken as a conventional criterion for material degradation, while the level of surface degradation was evaluated by image and thermal imaging analyses. Results show high cavitation resistance of zircon ceramics and their suitability when vigorous cavitation erosion environment is expected.

scholarly journals The Effects of Sand Particles on the Synergy of Cavitation Erosion-Corrosion of MIG Welding Stainless Steel Coating in Saline Water

Scanning ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Haodan Pan ◽  
Jun Tao ◽  
Meng E ◽  
Hongxiang Hu ◽  
Zhengbin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Cavitation Erosion ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Mass Loss Rate ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Mig Welding ◽  
Corrosive Solution ◽  
Sand Particles

Cavitation erosion (CE) is a common problem troubling many flow-handling equipment such as valves, orifice plate pipes, and propellers. The coating technique is a widely used strategy to resist CE. It is important to understand the CE-corrosion behavior of the coatings in the corrosive solution, especially in the sand-containing saline water. A newly designed MIG welding precipitated hardened martensitic stainless steel (PHMSS) coating was performed, and its silt-CE was investigated in a suspension composed of 3.5 wt.% sodium chloride and 3% silica sand using an ultrasonic vibrator processor. The microstructure of the coating was characterized by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of the sand particles on the CE-corrosion were analyzed using mass loss measurement, potentiodynamic polarization curve, and surface morphology observation. The results showed that the PHMSS coating was mainly composed of the lath martensitic phase alone. Its mass loss rate was in ascending order in the solution of distilled water alone, sand-containing distilled water, saline water alone, and sand-containing saline water. Sand particles played more roles in the CE in the distilled water than in the saline water. The synergy of CE and corrosion was much less in the sand-free saline than in the sand-containing saline. The maximum component was the erosion enhancement due to the corrosion in the saline without sand particles but was the pure erosion component in the saline with sand particles. The mechanism of the sand particles’ effect on the CE was also discussed.

scholarly journals Long-Term Aging of Chernobyl Fuel Debris: Corium and “Lava”

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1073
Author(s):  
Bella Zubekhina ◽  
Boris Burakov ◽  
Ekaterina Silanteva ◽  
Yuri Petrov ◽  
Vasiliy Yapaskurt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Chemical Alteration ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Fukushima Daiichi ◽  
Important Basis

Samples of Chernobyl fuel debris, including massive corium and “lava” were collected inside the Chernobyl “Sarcophagus” or “Shelter” in 1990, transported to Leningrad (St. Petersburg) and stored under laboratory conditions for many years. In 2011 aged samples were visually re-examined and it was confirmed that most of them remained intact, although some evidence of self-destruction and chemical alteration were clearly observed. Selected samples of corium and “lava” were affected by static leaching at temperatures of 25, 90 and 150 °C in distilled water. A normalized Pu mass loss (NLPu) from corium samples after 140 days was noted to be 0.5 g/m2 at 25 °C and 1.1 g/m2 at 90 °C. For “lava” samples NLPu was 2.2–2.3 g/m2 at 90 °C for 140 days. The formation of secondary uranyl phases on the surface of corium and “lava” samples altered at 150 °C was confirmed. The results obtained are considered as an important basis for the simulation of fuel debris aging at Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant (NPP).

Comparison of Different Methods for the Evaluation of Cavitation Damaged Surfaces

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bachert ◽  
G. Ludwig ◽  
B. Stoffel ◽  
S. Baumgarten
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
White Light ◽  
Cavitation Erosion ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Special Device ◽  
Test Rig ◽  
Rotating Disc ◽  
White Light Interferometer ◽  
Initial Stage

The experimental data which will be presented in this paper are the results of the comparison between different methods for evaluating damaged surfaces by cavitation erosion. The different methods are partly working in the initial stage of cavitation erosion and partly at developed cavitation erosion, where mass loss occurs. The used test rig consists basically of a rotating disc with a diameter of 500 mm on which four holes are located. Each hole generates a cavitation zone while the disc is rotating. The test objects are material specimens made of copper. Copper was used as test material in respect to reasonable durations for the tests. The specimen can be implemented in the casing of the test rig directly across the rotating disc on the diameter where the holes are located. This rotating disc test rig generates a very aggressive type of cavitation, so that mass loss, of course depending on the tested material, will appear after relatively short durations. Also the initial stage of cavitation erosion can be observed. The used test rig is very interesting regarding the possibility to apply different measuring techniques to characterize the erosive aggressiveness of cavitation. These techniques are at first the so-called Pitcount-Method, which allows investigations of cavitation erosion in the initial stage. The second one is an acoustic method, which is based on a structure-borne noise sensor and a specially developed signal processing system. The third method is the measuring of mass loss of the material specimen after several time steps. With the help of a CCD-camera and special digital image processing software, images of different cavitation conditions were recorded. The information obtained from these images should serve as support for the evaluation of the other used methods. After the evaluation with the above mentioned methods, the specimens were evaluated with a special device which works with the help of a white light interferometer. With this evaluation method three-dimensional information can be obtained in respect to the actually eroded volume of the specimens. With this information the lost mass of the specimens could be calculated directly. Especially the comparison of the results obtained from the Pitcount-Method, which is a two-dimensional evaluation method, and the three-dimensional results of the white light interferometer is an important point of the work within this paper.

scholarly journals Imbibition, Germination, and Early Seedling Growth Responses of Light Purple and Yellow Seeds of Red Clover to Distilled Water, Sodium Chloride, and Nutrient Solution

Sci ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Costa ◽  
Luís Dias ◽  
Alexandra Dias
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Seed Imbibition ◽  
Early Seedling Growth ◽  
Early Seedling

The seeds of red clover are heteromorphic and two color morphs can be visually recognized, light purple and yellow, resulting from heterozygosity and recessive homozygosity at two loci. Here, we report the responses of seed imbibition, seed germination, and early seedling growth of the two morphs to distilled water, sodium chloride, and complete nutrient solution. The sensitivityof red clover seeds to treatments increased with the stage of development in what seems to be a cumulative process. No differences were found in seed imbibition between morphs or between treatments. In seedling growth, on the contrary, treatments were always effective, but differences between morphs were only observed in seeds that were treated with nutrient solution, whereas in the intermediate stage of seed germination, the effects by treatments were observed together with the appearance of differences between morphs in distilled water and in the treatment by sodium chloride solution. Simultaneously, the superior performance of the yellow morph that was found in germination, which appears to be a trait stable across cultivars of red clover seeds, turned into a superior performance of the light purple morph in seedling growth.

Research through the Stationary Specimen Method of the X20Cr13 Stainless Steel Used for Hydraulic Pumps

2014 ◽  
Vol 782 ◽  
pp. 251-256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Dumitru Nedeloni ◽  
Nadia Potoceanu ◽  
Danut Florea ◽  
Daniel Chirus
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Cavitation Erosion ◽  
Martensitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Experimental Tests

This paper presents the cavitation erosion research through the stationary specimen method of the X20Cr13 martensitic stainless steel. Actual research involves a number of 4 different tests for this material and the comparison between these experimental tests is highlighted by the images and graphs forwarded in the paper. All research was done using vibratory apparatus composed from electro-acoustic piezo-converter, acoustic transformer, a titanium sonotrode and the ultrasonic generator DG-2000. The mass loss of the martensitic stainless steel samples was measure with special digital balance.

Analysis of the External Conditions Affecting on the Cavitation Resistance of a Steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 946 ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Hussam L. Alwan ◽  
N. Lezhnin ◽  
Yury Korobov
Keyword(s):  
Surface Resistance ◽  
Cavitation Erosion ◽  
Medium Carbon Steel ◽  
Cavitation Resistance ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Erosion Test ◽  
Testing Liquid

The aim of this study is to analyze the effect of cavitation erosion test conditions on the surface resistance of medium carbon steel. The ultrasonic vibratory specimen system was used to perform the experiments under the laboratory conditions. The vibratory frequency and the displacement amplitude were 20 kHz and 20 μm, respectively. In design of experiments, four various cavitation behaviors have been studied based on four cavitation test conditions corresponding to those behaviors. These conditions can be summarized as follows: (1) the usage of water as a testing liquid; (2) replacement the water with 3.5% NaCl solution; (3) applying a certain voltage to cause a combined electrochemical action working simultaneously with the water; and (4) applying the same voltage by using the 3.5% NaCl solution instead of water. The obtained results showed that the mass loss differs by test modes applied.

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