scholarly journals Analysis of the Three Dimensional Structure of the CXGXC Motif in the CMGCC and CAGYC Regions of α-and β-Subunits of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin: Importance of Glycine Residue (G) in the Motif

2006 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kengo KINOSHITA ◽  
Masami KUSUNOKI ◽  
Kiyoshi MIYAI
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Glycine Residue ◽  
Α And Β Subunits

The Application of Chemical Studies of Human Chorionic Gonadotropin to Visualize Its Three-Dimensional Structure*

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-311
Author(s):  
JOYCE W. LUSTBADER ◽  
DAVID L. YARMUSH ◽  
STEVEN BIRKEN ◽  
DAVID PUETT ◽  
ROBERT E. CANFIELD
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Chemical Studies

scholarly journals A peptide mimic of an antigenic loop of α-human chorionic gonadotropin hormone: solution structure and interaction with a llama VHH domain

2002 ◽  
Vol 366 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilles FERRAT ◽  
Jean-Guillaume RENISIO ◽  
Xavier MORELLI ◽  
Jerry SLOOTSTRA ◽  
Rob MELOEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Solution Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Conformational Exchange ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Α Subunit ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Hormone

The X-ray structure of a ternary complex between human chorionic gonadotropin hormone (hCG) and two Fvs recognizing its α and β subunits has been recently determined. The Fvs recognize the elongated hCG molecule by its two ends, one being the Leu-12–Cys-29 loop of the α subunit. We have designed and synthesized a 17-amino-acid peptide (named PepH14) derived from the sequence of this antigenic loop with the purpose of mimicking its three-dimensional structure and its affinity for antibodies. We have determined the solution structure of PepH14 by homonuclear NMR spectroscopy and derived distance restraints. Comparison of this structure with that of the corresponding antigenic loop of α-hCG reveals strong conformational similarities. In particular, the two pairs of residues that establish crucial contacts with the Fv fragment share the same conformation in PepH14 and in the authentic hormone loop. We propose a three-dimensional model of interaction of PepH14 with a llama VHH (VHH-H14) fragment cloned from a single-chain llama immunoglobulin raised against α-hCG. This model has been constrained by the chemical shift variations of the H14 1HN and 15N resonances monitored upon binding with PepH14. Mapping of the backbone chemical shift variations on the VHH structure determined by NMR indicates that PepH14 binds to VHH-H14 and forms a complex using the three complementary determining regions (CDRs). They define a shallow groove encompassing residues Thr-31, Ala-56, Tyr-59 and Trp-104 which have been shown to be in conformational exchange [Renisio, Pérez, Czisch, Guenneugues, Bornet, Frenken, Cambillau and Darbon (2002) Proteins 47, 546–555] and also Phe-37 and Ala-50. This groove is close to the hydrophobic interface area observed between VH and VL domains in Fvs from classical antibodies, which explains the rather lateral binding of PepH14 on the VHH.

The structure of CF1 ATP-synthase isolated from spinach chloroplasts

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 656-657
Author(s):  
Egbert J. Boekema
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mass ◽  
Atp Synthase ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Spinach Chloroplasts ◽  
Α And Β Subunits ◽  
Top View ◽  
Soluble Part

F1 is the soluble part of the ATP-synthase complex, which catalyzes the synthesis of ATP. F1 is built up from five different subunits. Three copies of two large subunits α and β, with a molecular mass of about 55000, form the backbone of the protein. Spinach ATP-synthase has also three smaller subunits: gamma (35700), δ (20000) and ɛ (13000). They are located within the α3β3 structure, which can be seen as a hexagon in projection. By immuno-electronmicroscopy it was demonstrated that in the hexagonal (top view) projection the large α and β subunits are alternating.No detailed three-dimensional structure of a F1 ATP-synthase is available. Therefore, some important features of the structure are not precisely known. One example is the shape of the large subunits.

The Three-dimensional structure of frozen-hydrated nudaurelia capensis β virus

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 650-651
Author(s):  
N. H. Olson ◽  
T. S. Baker ◽  
Wu Bo Mu ◽  
J. E. Johnson ◽  
D. A. Hendry
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Rna Virus ◽  
Carbon Film ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Electron Dose ◽  
Total Electron ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Negative Stain ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction

Nudaurelia capensis β virus (NβV) is an RNA virus of the South African Pine Emperor moth, Nudaurelia cytherea capensis (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). The NβV capsid is a T = 4 icosahedron that contains 60T = 240 subunits of the coat protein (Mr = 61,000). A three-dimensional reconstruction of the NβV capsid was previously computed from visions embedded in negative stain suspended over holes in a carbon film. We have re-examined the three-dimensional structure of NβV, using cryo-microscopy to examine the native, unstained structure of the virion and to provide a initial phasing model for high-resolution x-ray crystallographic studiesNβV was purified and prepared for cryo-microscopy as described. Micrographs were recorded ∼1 - 2 μm underfocus at a magnification of 49,000X with a total electron dose of about 1800 e-/nm2.

Three Dimensional structure and organization of diploid chromosomes by optical section microscopy

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 633-635
Author(s):  
David A. Agard ◽  
Yasushi Hiraoka ◽  
John W. Sedat
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Developmental State ◽  
Mitotic Cell ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Complementary Techniques ◽  
Dynamic Structures

In an effort to understand the complex relationship between structure and biological function within the nucleus, we have embarked on a program to examine the three-dimensional structure and organization of Drosophila melanogaster embryonic chromosomes. Our overall goal is to determine how DNA and proteins are organized into complex and highly dynamic structures (chromosomes) and how these chromosomes are arranged in three dimensional space within the cell nucleus. Futher, we hope to be able to correlate structual data with such fundamental biological properties as stage in the mitotic cell cycle, developmental state and transcription at specific gene loci.Towards this end, we have been developing methodologies for the three-dimensional analysis of non-crystalline biological specimens using optical and electron microscopy. We feel that the combination of these two complementary techniques allows an unprecedented look at the structural organization of cellular components ranging in size from 100A to 100 microns.

Three-Dimensional Structure of Cloned T3 Connector Protein at 1.6nm Resolution

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 282-283
Author(s):  
José L. Carrascosa ◽  
José M. Valpuesta ◽  
Hisao Fujisawa
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Expression Vector ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Deae Cellulose ◽  
Dna Packaging ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Three Dimensional Structure ◽  
Dimensional Reconstruction

The head to tail connector of bacteriophages plays a fundamental role in the assembly of viral heads and DNA packaging. In spite of the absence of sequence homology, the structure of connectors from different viruses (T4, Ø29, T3, P22, etc) share common morphological features, that are most clearly revealed in their three-dimensional structure. We have studied the three-dimensional reconstruction of the connector protein from phage T3 (gp 8) from tilted view of two dimensional crystals obtained from this protein after cloning and purification.DNA sequences including gene 8 from phage T3 were cloned, into Bam Hl-Eco Rl sites down stream of lambda promotor PL, in the expression vector pNT45 under the control of cI857. E R204 (pNT89) cells were incubated at 42°C for 2h, harvested and resuspended in 20 mM Tris HC1 (pH 7.4), 7mM 2 mercaptoethanol, ImM EDTA. The cells were lysed by freezing and thawing in the presence of lysozyme (lmg/ml) and ligthly sonicated. The low speed supernatant was precipitated by ammonium sulfate (60% saturated) and dissolved in the original buffer to be subjected to gel nitration through Sepharose 6B, followed by phosphocellulose colum (Pll) and DEAE cellulose colum (DE52). Purified gp8 appeared at 0.3M NaCl and formed crystals when its concentration increased above 1.5 mg/ml.

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