Effect of the cross-sectional shape on crash behaviour of a three dimensional space frame

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 295 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.-S. Kim ◽  
T. Wierzbicki
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Space Frame ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Sectional Shape ◽  
Crash Behaviour ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

A Study on the Cross-Sectional Shape of Kerf Cut with Micro Abrasive Air Jet

2012 ◽  
Vol 500 ◽  
pp. 236-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Lai Li ◽  
Chuan Zhen Huang ◽  
Jun Wang ◽  
Hong Tao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Traverse Speed ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Hard And Brittle Materials ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Sectional Profile ◽  
Sectional Shape

Micro abrasive air jet (MAAJ) cutting is a promising technology for the fabrication of three-dimensional microstructures in hard and brittle materials. In this paper, a study on the cross-sectional shape of the kerf cut with MAAJ is presented. It shows that the machining depth and slope of the sidewall increase with an increase in air pressure, abrasive flow rate and jet incidence angle, while decrease with an increase in nozzle traverse speed. Using a dimensional analysis technique, predictive model for cross-sectional profile is developed. The research results may be meaningful to the highly precision three-dimensional micro-structural cutting.

Multi-Cross-hole 3-D reverse time migration imaging

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Cheng ◽  
Jiangping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Geological Structure ◽  
Imaging Method ◽  
Reverse Time ◽  
Reverse Time Migration ◽  
Time Migration ◽  
Migration Imaging ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

<p>Cross-well 2-D seismic CT imaging method has been widely used in many fields such as oil-gas exploration and engineering geological exploration, but for the real three-dimensional space, this traditional method can only obtain the two-dimensional velocity profile between the two wells, cannot obtain the lateral geological structure outside the profile; Besides, the seismic signal received from cross-well exploration is the response of geologic body in three-dimensional space, which may be influenced by the geologic body outside the two-well profile, and that will give a result of image distortion and having an effect on geological interpretation. Based on the theory of three-dimensional acoustic wave equation, this paper implements a three-dimensional cross-well reverse-time migration imaging method to obtain the cross-well 3-D geological structure with the observed value from multiple wells by using the first-order velocity-stress acoustic wave equation and firing time imaging conditions. Calculation results of the typical theoretical models show that: The multi-well three-dimensional imaging method adopted in this paper can accurately and effectively realize the cross-well 3-D geological imaging with high resolution and reliable results. Multi-well three-dimensional imaging method can effectively obtain the cross-well three-dimensional structure distribution, which can solve the issue of hard to obtain the transverse structure change by 2-D imaging. It also can solve the imaging problems of big dip angle interface in CT imaging and obtains the true cross-well 3-D geological structure with the multiple well data, which can provide the basis for cross-well 3-D seismic exploration.</p>

scholarly journals Morphometric Analysis and Classification of the Cross-Sectional Shape of the C2 Lamina

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Soyeon Kim ◽  
Dai-Soon Kwak ◽  
In-Beom Kim
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cervical Vertebra ◽  
Screw Placement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Translaminar Screw ◽  
Korean Adult ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Sectional Shape

A thorough understanding of the morphology of the lamina of the second cervical vertebra (C2) is important for safe C2 translaminar screw placement. Although anatomical characteristics of the C2 lamina have been widely documented, individual differences in morphology have not been addressed. The aim of this study was to morphometrically analyze the cross-sectional shape of the C2 lamina and classify the shape to describe individual differences. Morphometric analysis was conducted on 145 three-dimensional C2 models based on computerized tomography images from Korean adult cadavers. Several parameters were measured on a cross-section image of the lamina model. Based on numerical criteria, all of the C2 lamina’s cross-sectional shapes could be categorized into three distinctive morphological types: pyriform, ellipse, and obpyriform shapes. We confirmed that most Koreans can accommodate C2 translaminar screw placement with a lower limit of the 95% confidence interval of thickness measured at 6.26 mm. Morphometric analysis suggested that the obpyriform-shaped lamina (4.48%) is likely to require screw trajectory adjustment to avoid cortical breakout of the screw. Our results will enhance current anatomical understanding of the C2 lamina and thus facilitate safer C2 translaminar screw placement.

Some Observations on the Yoshimura Buckle Pattern for Thin-Walled Cylinders

1979 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 377-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Axial Compression ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Cylindrical Shells ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Space Frame ◽  
Thin Walled ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

A great deal of the behavior of thin-walled cylindrical shells loaded in axial compression can be explained by considering the Yoshimura buckle pattern as a three-dimensional space frame and observing the collapse of that space frame.

On the cross-sectional shape of the cellulose crystallites in the tunicate Halocynthia papillosa

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 566-567
Author(s):  
J.-F. Revol ◽  
Y. Van Daele ◽  
F. Gaill
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Imaging ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
Bright Field ◽  
Field Mode ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ultrathin Sections ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Sectional Shape ◽  
Valonia Ventricosa ◽  
C Nmr

The only form of cellulose which could unequivocally be ascribed to the animal kingdom is the tunicin that occurs in the tests of the tunicates. Recently, high-resolution solid-state l3C NMR revealed that tunicin belongs to the Iβ form of cellulose as opposed to the Iα form found in Valonia and bacterial celluloses. The high perfection of the tunicin crystallites led us to study its crosssectional shape and to compare it with the shape of those in Valonia ventricosa (V.v.), the goal being to relate the cross-section of cellulose crystallites with the two allomorphs Iα and Iβ.In the present work the source of tunicin was the test of the ascidian Halocvnthia papillosa (H.p.). Diffraction contrast imaging in the bright field mode was applied on ultrathin sections of the V.v. cell wall and H.p. test with cellulose crystallites perpendicular to the plane of the sections. The electron microscope, a Philips 400T, was operated at 120 kV in a low intensity beam condition.

Extension of the Spatial PDI Model to Three Dimensions

1997 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-178
Author(s):  
Frank O'Brien
Keyword(s):  
Population Density ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Finite Lattice ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Upper Bounds ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Lower And Upper Bounds ◽  
Density Index ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

The author's population density index ( PDI) model is extended to three-dimensional distributions. A derived formula is presented that allows for the calculation of the lower and upper bounds of density in three-dimensional space for any finite lattice.

A Peptoid with Extended Shape in Water

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumpei Morimoto ◽  
Yasuhiro Fukuda ◽  
Takumu Watanabe ◽  
Daisuke Kuroda ◽  
Kouhei Tsumoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectroscopic Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Biomolecular Recognition ◽  
Biological Application ◽  
New Class ◽  
Proteolytic Resistance ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Properties ◽  
Optically Pure ◽  
Three Dimensional Space

<div> <div> <div> <p>“Peptoids” was proposed, over decades ago, as a term describing analogs of peptides that exhibit better physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties than peptides. Oligo-(N-substituted glycines) (oligo-NSG) was previously proposed as a peptoid due to its high proteolytic resistance and membrane permeability. However, oligo-NSG is conformationally flexible and is difficult to achieve a defined shape in water. This conformational flexibility is severely limiting biological application of oligo-NSG. Here, we propose oligo-(N-substituted alanines) (oligo-NSA) as a new peptoid that forms a defined shape in water. A synthetic method established in this study enabled the first isolation and conformational study of optically pure oligo-NSA. Computational simulations, crystallographic studies and spectroscopic analysis demonstrated the well-defined extended shape of oligo-NSA realized by backbone steric effects. The new class of peptoid achieves the constrained conformation without any assistance of N-substituents and serves as an ideal scaffold for displaying functional groups in well-defined three-dimensional space, which leads to effective biomolecular recognition. </p> </div> </div> </div>

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