scholarly journals Open innovation and firms performance: state of the art and empirical evidences from the bio-pharmaceutical industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (2/3) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Mazzola ◽  
Manfredi Bruccoleri ◽  
Giovanni Perrone
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
State Of The Art

Chiral separation and analysis of antifungal drugs by chromatographic and electromigration techniques: Results achieved in 2010–2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-252
Author(s):  
Giovanni D’Orazio ◽  
Chiara Fanali ◽  
Chiara Dal Bosco ◽  
Alessandra Gentili ◽  
Salvatore Fanali
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Stationary Phases ◽  
Enantiomeric Separation ◽  
Antifungal Drugs ◽  
Chiral Discrimination ◽  
Food Science ◽  
Industry Environment ◽  
Metabolic Activities

Abstract The determination and separation of enantiomers is an interesting and important topic of research in various fields, e.g., biochemistry, food science, pharmaceutical industry, environment, etc. Although these compounds possess identical physicochemical properties, a pair of enantiomers often has different pharmacological, toxicological, and metabolic activities. For this reason, chiral discrimination by using chromatographic and electromigration techniques has become an urgent need in the pharmaceutical field. This review intends to offer the “state of the art” about the separation of chiral antifungal drugs and several related precursors by both liquid and gas chromatography, as well as electromigration methods. This overview is organized into two sections. The first one describes general considerations on chiral antifungal drugs. The second part deals with the main analytical methods for the enantiomeric discrimination of these drugs, including a brief description of chiral selectors and stationary phases. Moreover, many recent applications attesting the great interest of analytical chemists in the field of enantiomeric separation are presented.

scholarly journals Not Just for Money. Crowdfunding a New Tool of Open Innovation to Support the Agro-Food Sector. Evidences on the Italian Market

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Pronti ◽  
Elena Pagliarino
Keyword(s):  
Family Business ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Italian Case ◽  
Italian Market ◽  
New Form ◽  
Depth Interviews

Abstract The aim of this paper is to explore Crowdfunding as a new form of Open Innovation for SMEs and family business in the Agri-Food sector which usually do not have the same skills and tools to operate with conventional own Crowdsourcing methods. The study first has analyzed the principal literature and data available on Crowdfunding and the Food industry in order to describe the state of the art in this subject. Afterwards the focus of the paper goes to the analysis of the Italian case. The study used a deep qualitative approach because of an important lack of data and information on this subject. Nine depth interviews to key informants of the sector have been carried out investigating the market players, the normative regulations, the businesses models and the evolution of Crowdfunding for the Agri-Food industry in Italy. The research finds that Crowdfunding for Agri-Food industry can be important for both its profitability and the development of the sector, but that nowadays the Italian market is still in its primordial phase. Crowdfunding is very suitable for SMEs business which represents the vast majority of the Agri-Food Italian market and the use of this instrument could be beneficial for it.

scholarly journals Open innovation: An opportunity for Pharmerging countries to close the technology gap?

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Hind Louiza Chitour
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Health Expenditures ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Closed Model ◽  
Health Market ◽  
Intangible Benefits ◽  
Critical Phase ◽  
Innovation Model ◽  
The Impact

The pharmaceutical industry is entering a critical phase in its history, with decliningprofits and patent cliffs fallouts awaiting their former blockbuster drugs. Several hypotheseshave been formulated to explain the causes of this downfall whether it is the drought in theirR&D pipelines, the rising competition of generics or the ever-increasingpressure from healthcareproviders such as governments seeking to curb their health expenditures thus causing priceerosion. However, rather than striving to find the root causes of the issues the industry isfacing, the major players in the Pharma field should focus on implementing measures totransform the very structure of the pharmaceutical companies and change the drug discoveryand commercialization processes. These core changes that the pharmaceutical sector has toundergo could be achieved through several methods. One of the most suggested solutions tothis R&D bottleneck could be shifting from the traditional “closed model” towards a new “openinnovation” model based on collaboration of Pharma companies whether it includes workingtogether with a biotech company, CROs, Academia or local Pharma manufacturer. This openinnovation model is believed to foster innovation and invigorate the agonizing R&D Pharmasector as it proved itself to be effective resulting in innovative projects and ideas in the ITsector. It is in this context that this paper will address the opportunity emerging pharmaceuticalmarkets could benefit from when this open innovation model is applied to the pharmaceuticalindustry. Mainly, we will discuss the integration of this strategy within big Pharma companiesin their efforts to enter what is designated as “Pharmerging countries” in general with a specialfocus on one key global health market: China. We will discuss the impact of this innovationstrategy could bring in terms of both tangible and intangible benefits and potential drawbacks.

Open innovation actions and innovation performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Greco ◽  
Michele Grimaldi ◽  
Livio Cricelli
Keyword(s):  
Open Innovation ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Product And Process Innovation ◽  
Product And Process

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the recurrences in the empirical evidences that link open innovation (OI) actions and innovation performance in European countries. It provides managers with useful strategic suggestions, emphasizes the limitations of the state of the art, and recommends future directions of research. Design/methodology/approach – The authors systematically reviewed empirical articles linking OI actions and innovation performance in European countries, published on peer reviewed journals from January 2003 until May 2013. The authors organized the evidences according to a novel taxonomy grounded in the literature. Findings – The paper shows an increasing interest in the research of empirical evidence regarding OI and innovation performance. Nonetheless, evidence of the role played by outbound OI activities are extremely rare. The authors found that process innovations are more likely to benefit from coupled OI activities rather than inbound activities. Moreover, the effect of coupled depth actions on both product and process innovation performance was always positive in the reviewed articles. The authors also discuss how scholars measure innovation performance, pointing out the criticalities. Research limitations/implications – The paper allows analysing the empirical evidences found in the literature, emphasizing the limitations of the state of the art and recommending future directions of research. Practical implications – The systematization of the empirical evidences found in the European literature provides managers with useful strategic suggestions to improve their organizations’ innovation performances. Originality/value – The paper contains a complete and extensive analysis of empirical OI literature with respect to European countries. The articles and their findings are organized according to a novel taxonomy useful to identify evidences and recurrences in a synoptic manner.

scholarly journals Biomarkers of adverse drug reactions

2017 ◽  
Vol 243 (3) ◽  
pp. 291-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel F Carr ◽  
Munir Pirmohamed
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Adverse Drug Reactions ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Circulating Biomarkers ◽  
Current State ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Wide Range

Adverse drug reactions can be caused by a wide range of therapeutics. Adverse drug reactions affect many bodily organ systems and vary widely in severity. Milder adverse drug reactions often resolve quickly following withdrawal of the casual drug or sometimes after dose reduction. Some adverse drug reactions are severe and lead to significant organ/tissue injury which can be fatal. Adverse drug reactions also represent a financial burden to both healthcare providers and the pharmaceutical industry. Thus, a number of stakeholders would benefit from development of new, robust biomarkers for the prediction, diagnosis, and prognostication of adverse drug reactions. There has been significant recent progress in identifying predictive genomic biomarkers with the potential to be used in clinical settings to reduce the burden of adverse drug reactions. These have included biomarkers that can be used to alter drug dose (for example, Thiopurine methyltransferase (TPMT) and azathioprine dose) and drug choice. The latter have in particular included human leukocyte antigen (HLA) biomarkers which identify susceptibility to immune-mediated injuries to major organs such as skin, liver, and bone marrow from a variety of drugs. This review covers both the current state of the art with regard to genomic adverse drug reaction biomarkers. We also review circulating biomarkers that have the potential to be used for both diagnosis and prognosis, and have the added advantage of providing mechanistic information. In the future, we will not be relying on single biomarkers (genomic/non-genomic), but on multiple biomarker panels, integrated through the application of different omics technologies, which will provide information on predisposition, early diagnosis, prognosis, and mechanisms. Impact statement • Genetic and circulating biomarkers present significant opportunities to personalize patient therapy to minimize the risk of adverse drug reactions. ADRs are a significant heath issue and represent a significant burden to patients, healthcare providers, and the pharmaceutical industry. • This review details the current state of the art in biomarkers of ADRs (both genetic and circulating). There is still significant variability in patient response which cannot be explained by current knowledge of genetic risk factors for ADRs; however, we discussed how specific advances in genomics have the potential to yield better and more predictive models. • Many current clinically utilized circulating biomarkers of tissue injury are valid biomarkers for a number of ADRs. However, they often give little insight into the specific cell or tissue subtype which may be affected. Emerging circulating biomarkers with potential to provide greater information on the etiology/pathophysiology of ADRs are described.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE IN OPEN INNOVATION PROCESS ON AN EXAMPLE OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY

2017 ◽  
pp. 274-289
Author(s):  
Elżbieta Pohulak-Żołędowska ◽  
Arkadiusz Żabiński ◽  
Michał Sosnowski
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Innovation Process

Integrated continuous manufacturing in pharmaceutical industry: current evolutionary steps toward revolutionary future

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 139-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nada A Helal ◽  
Ola Elnoweam ◽  
Heba Abdullah Eassa ◽  
Ahmed M Amer ◽  
Mohamed Ashraf Eltokhy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Process Development ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Continuous Manufacturing ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Pharmaceutical Manufacturers ◽  
On Line ◽  
And Control

Continuous manufacturing (CM) has the potential to provide pharmaceutical products with better quality, improved yield and with reduced cost and time. Moreover, ease of scale-up, small manufacturing footprint and on-line/in-line monitoring and control of the process are other merits for CM. Regulating authorities are supporting the adoption of CM by pharmaceutical manufacturers through issuing proper guidelines. However, implementation of this technology in pharmaceutical industry is encountered by a number of challenges regarding the process development and quality assurance. This article provides a background on the implementation of CM in pharmaceutical industry, literature survey of the most recent state-of-the-art technologies and critically discussing the encountered challenges and its future prospective in pharmaceutical industry.

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