A case study of knowledge protection and diffusion for innovation: managing knowledge in the mobile telephone industry

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Galvin ◽  
John Rice
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Telephone ◽  
Knowledge Protection ◽  
Telephone Industry ◽  
And Diffusion

scholarly journals Can post-mortem MRI be used as a proxy for in vivo? A case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baayla D C Boon ◽  
Petra J W Pouwels ◽  
Laura E Jonkman ◽  
Matthijs J Keijzer ◽  
Paolo Preziosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Early Onset Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
And Diffusion

Abstract Post-mortem in situ MRI has been used as an intermediate between brain histo(patho)logy and in vivo imaging. However, it is not known how comparable post-mortem in situ is to ante-mortem imaging. We report the unique situation of a patient with familial early-onset Alzheimer’s disease due to a PSEN1 mutation, who underwent ante-mortem brain MRI and post-mortem in situ imaging only 4 days apart. T1-weighted and diffusion MRI was performed at 3-Tesla at both time points. Visual atrophy rating scales, brain volume, cortical thickness and diffusion measures were derived from both scans and compared. Post-mortem visual atrophy scores decreased 0.5–1 point compared with ante-mortem, indicating an increase in brain volume. This was confirmed by quantitative analysis; showing a 27% decrease of ventricular and 7% increase of whole-brain volume. This increase was more pronounced in the cerebellum and supratentorial white matter than in grey matter. Furthermore, axial and radial diffusivity decreased up to 60% post-mortem whereas average fractional anisotropy of white matter increased approximately 10%. This unique case study shows that the process of dying affects several imaging markers. These changes need to be taken into account when interpreting post-mortem MRI to make inferences on the in vivo situation.

scholarly journals How Does the Spatial Structure of High-Speed Rail Station Areas Evolve? A Case Study of Zhengzhou East Railway Station, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (23) ◽  
pp. 11132
Author(s):  
Xiaomin Wang ◽  
Jingyu Liu ◽  
Wenxin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Land Rent ◽  
High Speed Rail ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Market Factors ◽  
And Diffusion

The rapid development of high-speed rail (HSR) and station areas has shortened the spatial and temporal distances among cities, improved the accessibility of cities, and affected the spatial agglomeration and diffusion of populations and of social and economic activities. This has led to spatial reconfiguration of production factors within cities, which has the potential to drive the reconstruction of urban spatial structures. Based on POI and land-use data, this paper defines the spatial scope of the HSR station area and explores the characteristics and influencing factors of its spatial structure from the perspective of industry. The study area i is set at 2000 m. Since the opening of the HSR, the industrial distribution has exhibited a significant circular, multi-core, and axial belt spatial structure. The spatial structure of each sub-industry is different. On the whole, internal and external transport and agglomeration economies have significant impacts on the industrial spatial distribution, and land rent has gradually decreased in importance with the development of HSR station areas. The intensity of the effects of different factors varies among different industries. The mechanisms by which the spatial structure of the station area is formed are discussed and include location accessibility, micro-market factors, node station attributes, the availability of a sufficient amount of undeveloped land, the characteristics and needs of HSR passengers, and policies and systems.

The Media Trade Press as Technology Forecaster: A Case Study of the VCR'S Impact on Broadcasting

1997 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip M. Napoli
Keyword(s):  
Social Factors ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Media ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Trade Press

This paper assesses how the broadcasting and advertising trade press performed in their role as technology forecaster, using the introduction of the VCR and its potential impact on broadcasting as a case study. An examination of the forecasts made within the broadcasting and advertising trade press during the early stages of the VCR's development and diffusion indicates that the advertising trade press proved much more active and much more accurate in forecasting the future of the VCR. The results also indicate the importance of integrating technological and social factors for constructing accurate forecasts.

scholarly journals Glocal Participatory System for the Recording, Documentation and Promotion of Cultural Heritage: A Greek Case-Study

Heritage ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitris Psychogyios ◽  
Nick Poulakis
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Collective Memories ◽  
Sustainable Living ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Catalytic Role ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Diffusion

The recording, documentation and promotion of local cultural heritage has been the subject of significant research from scientists from various fields such as architecture, anthropology, history, folklore, ethnomusicology, and museology. This paper argues that digital technologies could have a catalytic role concerning the operational part of a holistic–interdisciplinary approach to the maintenance of cultural heritage. Simultaneous and bidirectional recording, documentation and promotion of human histories, material elements of space, personal and collective memories, music, dance, singing and other performances, customs, traditions etc. has the effect of improving the understanding of each place and, therefore, contributing to the establishment of sustainable living conditions and environmental balance. At the same time, it facilitates the process of presenting the place’s local identity as well as its tangible and intangible cultural heritage. The paper proposes the design, the creation and the pilot operation of a glocal hybrid (physical and digital) participatory system for monitoring cultural heritage, which consists of (a) spatial recording and projection constructions (open micro-labs); (b) research and documentation centers; and (c) digital databases and mobile applications for interconnection and diffusion of digital content. The system’s implementation domain is considered to be “historic urban landscapes”, i.e., geographical areas with particular cultural features such as traditional settlements, monuments and historical centers, regarded as exceptional universal heritage. In particular, the project’s prime exemplary pilot setup is considered to be operated in specific Greek areas of cultural importance.

scholarly journals Wind energy technology development and diffusion: a case study of Inner Mongolia, China

2001 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiliang Zhang ◽  
Shuhua Gu ◽  
Wenqiang Liu ◽  
Lin Gan
Keyword(s):  
Wind Energy ◽  
Inner Mongolia ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Energy Technology ◽  
And Diffusion

Estimating the diffusion length in the deepest section of ice cores; A case study for MIS19 in Dome-C

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Laepple ◽  
Thomas Münch ◽  
Torben Kunz ◽  
Mathieu Casado ◽  
Maria Hoerhold
Keyword(s):  
Diffusion Length ◽  
Ice Core ◽  
Ice Cores ◽  
Climate Information ◽  
Climate Signal ◽  
A Value ◽  
Recovery Strategies ◽  
Length Estimate ◽  
And Diffusion

<p>To recover very old climate information from ice core records, one needs to interpret the deepest part of an ice core. As the oldest record, the Dome-C ice core can serve as an analogue for the Beyond EPICA Oldest Ice Core that is currently being drilled.<br><br>Pol et al., EPSL 2010 analyzed high resolution water isotope data from the Dome-C ice core and found evidence for a limited preservation of climate variability in the deep section of the core due to mixing and diffusion. For instance, for Marine Isotope Stage 19, the study estimated a mixing/diffusion length between 40 and 60 cm, a value more than double than what is predicted by current firn and ice diffusion models. Knowing the diffusion length is important to interpret the isotope signal and is the basis to deconvolve climate records. As a result, it is key to bridge the gap in the estimation of the diffusion length between potentially biased statistical methods and firn and ice diffusion models.<br>We review this diffusion length estimate for MIS19, and also outline a new general method how to estimate the diffusion length in highly thinned deep ice.  This approach presents an important tool for better characterizing the preservation of the climate signal in old ice and thus for designing optimal sampling and recovery strategies.</p><p> </p>

Competency-based education in the state policy arena: Comparative case study of two neighboring states

2021 ◽  
pp. 147821032110313
Author(s):  
Heather P. Williams ◽  
Kathleen Shoup ◽  
Marita Diffenbaugh ◽  
Kelly Brady
Keyword(s):  
Educational Leaders ◽  
Career Readiness ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
College And Career Readiness ◽  
Competency Based Education ◽  
College And Career ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Policy Arena ◽  
And Diffusion

Educational leaders and policymakers are reconsidering the role of competency-based education (CBE) to meet the needs of all students, address issues of equity and enduring achievement gaps, and demonstrate college and career readiness outcomes for PK-12 students. This study sought to understand the policy conditions where CBE policies were adopted in two neighboring states as well as describe the two states’ implementation plans for policy diffusion. The study used a comparative case study design to study Idaho and Utah due to their geographic proximity, socioeconomic status, and state legislative structures. We argue that although the policies in both states have many similarities and were passed under similar political conditions within each state’s policy arena, the planned implementation and diffusion of those policies was very different and influenced a divergent population of local education agencies (LEA) in each state. We also explore the role intermediary organizations played in the development and diffusion of policy in both states.

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