Overview of residual stresses after induction surface hardening

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (1/2/3/4) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janez Grum
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Induction Surface Hardening

Influence of Grinding Conditions on Residual Stress Profiles after Induction Surface Hardening

2005 ◽  
Vol 490-491 ◽  
pp. 346-351
Author(s):  
Janez Grum
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grinding Wheel ◽  
Workpiece Material ◽  
Heat Effects ◽  
Grinding Conditions ◽  
Induction Surface Hardening ◽  
Hardened Surface

Induction surface hardening creates very desirable residual stresses in the hardened surface layer. Residual stresses are always of a compressive nature and are usually present to the depth of the induction-hardened layer. By the appropriate selection of grinding wheel and grinding conditions and taking into account the physical and mechanical properties of the workpiece material very favourable compressive residual stresses in the hardened surface layer can be retained. How is it possible to assure a desirable surface and surface layer quality after induction hardening and fine grinding? Finding an answer to this question requires a very good knowledge of the process of grinding on the micro-level as well as knowledge of mechanical and heat effects acting on the layer of the workpiece including the type and condition of the grinding wheel. An allinclusive consideration of the numerous influences of the kind and condition of the tool on the changes on the surface and in the surface layer of the workpiece in the given machining conditions is described by the term “surface integrity”.

Influence of the magnetic permeability on modeling of induction surface hardening

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 555-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Barglik ◽  
Albert Smalcerz
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Permeability ◽  
Surface Hardening ◽  
Calculation Model ◽  
Temperature Fields ◽  
Hardness Distribution ◽  
Current Frequency ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Magnetic Strength ◽  
Gear Wheels ◽  
Induction Surface Hardening

Purpose Modeling of induction surface hardening strongly depends on accuracy of material properties data and their temperature characteristics. However, it is especially complicated in case of the magnetic permeability dependent not only on temperature but also on the magnetic strength. This paper aims to estimate the influence of the magnetic permeability on modeling of coupled physical fields describing the process. Investigations are provided for the gear wheels made of the steel C45E. Design/methodology/approach Computation of coupled electromagnetic temperature and hardness fields is based on FEM methods. The Flux 3D software is applied for the numerical simulation of coupled electromagnetic and temperature fields. The QT Steel software is applied for a determination of the hardness and microstructure distributions. Findings Obtained results may be used as a kind of background for the design of induction surface hardening systems. Research limitations/implications The presented calculation model provided quite a good accuracy of hardness distribution validated by the experiments. Next work in the field should be aimed at taking into account a dependence of the magnetic permeability on the field current frequency. Originality/value Mathematical model of induction surface hardening with taking into account time dependence on the magnetic permeability on temperature and magnetic strength is elaborated. Experimental validation of hardness distribution is provided. A quite reasonable convergence between simulations and measurements was achieved.

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