Ranking of DMUs with interval cross-efficiencies based on absolute dominance

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 325
Author(s):  
Feng Yang ◽  
Fuguo Zhao ◽  
Sheng Ang ◽  
Chenchen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Absolute Dominance

scholarly journals GENETIC VARIATION IN A HETEROGENEOUS ENVIRONMENT. I. TEMPORAL HETEROGENEITY AND THE ABSOLUTE DOMINANCE MODEL

Genetics ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 757-770
Author(s):  
Philip W Hedrick
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Gene Frequency ◽  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Finite Population ◽  
Environmental Variation ◽  
Dominance Model ◽  
Infinite Population ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Absolute Dominance

ABSTRACT The conditions for a stable polymorphism and the equilibrium gene frequency in an infinite population are compared when there is spatial or temporal environmental heterogeneity for the absolute dominance model. For temporal variation the conditions for stability are more restrictive and the equilibrium gene frequency is often at a low gene frequency. In a finite population, temporal environmental heterogeneity for the absolute dominance model was found to be quite ineffective in maintaining genetic variation and is often less effective than no selection at all. For comparison, the maximum maintenance for temporal variation is related to the overdominant model. In general, cyclic environmental variation was found to be more effective at maintaining genetic variation than where the environment varies stochastically. The importance of temporal environmental variation and the maintenance of genetic variation is discussed.

Federalism and Development: The Ethiopian Dilemma

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assefa Fiseha
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Political Instability ◽  
Federal System ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Political Opposition ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
Instability Development ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Absolute Dominance

Key to Ethiopia’s remarkable political and economic changes is its transformation from highly homogenising and centrist rule to a federal system aiming at managing its complex diversity. The post-1991 dispensation has ended years of civil war, and served as a foundation for the impressive economic performance. Lately the country has continued to face wide-spread protests. How does one explain the paradox between an impressive economic performance versus growing political instability? Development is centrally designed and managed along with the identification of poverty as an existential threat against which all resources must be mobilised. This means that development takes overriding priority and a central role, compromising the constitutional autonomy of the states. The outcome as witnessed in the protests is new mobilisation and conflict unleashed by growing ethno-nationalism. The absolute dominance of a single vanguard party that monopolised power has also overshadowed institutions and sidelined political opposition while emboldening hardliners.

scholarly journals Stochastic Brownian Game of Absolute Dominance

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 436-452
Author(s):  
Shangzhen Luo
Keyword(s):  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
Value Function ◽  
The Other ◽  
Equilibrium Strategy ◽  
Minimax Criterion ◽  
Nash Equilibrium Strategy ◽  
Suitable Parameter ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Value Function ◽  
Absolute Dominance

In this paper we study a reinsurance game between two insurers whose surplus processes are modeled by arithmetic Brownian motions. We assume a minimax criterion in the game. One insurer tries to maximize the probability of absolute dominance while the other tries to minimize it through reinsurance control. Here absolute dominance is defined as the event that liminf of the difference of the surplus levels tends to -∞. Under suitable parameter conditions, the game is solved with the value function and the Nash equilibrium strategy given in explicit form.

Stochastic Brownian Game of Absolute Dominance

2014 ◽  
Vol 51 (02) ◽  
pp. 436-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shangzhen Luo
Keyword(s):  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
Value Function ◽  
The Other ◽  
Equilibrium Strategy ◽  
Minimax Criterion ◽  
Nash Equilibrium Strategy ◽  
Suitable Parameter ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Value Function ◽  
Absolute Dominance

In this paper we study a reinsurance game between two insurers whose surplus processes are modeled by arithmetic Brownian motions. We assume a minimax criterion in the game. One insurer tries to maximize the probability of absolute dominance while the other tries to minimize it through reinsurance control. Here absolute dominance is defined as the event that liminf of the difference of the surplus levels tends to -∞. Under suitable parameter conditions, the game is solved with the value function and the Nash equilibrium strategy given in explicit form.

scholarly journals Ervas daninha em pastagens: uma abordagem fitossociológica nas áreas do Ceará

Agrarian ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (45) ◽  
pp. 279-285
Author(s):  
Josefa Maria Francieli da Silva ◽  
Hercules Gustavo Santos Sarmento ◽  
Hellen Thayse Nascimento Araújo ◽  
Alexandre Bosco de Oliveira ◽  
Lamartine Soares Cardoso de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Importance Value Index ◽  
Importance Value ◽  
Brachiaria Decumbens ◽  
The One ◽  
Absolute Dominance ◽  
Nicandra Physalodes

The aim of this study was to study the phytosociology of weed species in areas of pasture cultivated with Brachiaria decumbens and Cynodon sp. (Tifton 85), in Ceará State, Brazil. The square inventory methodology was used in order to assess the weed community. Weed samples were quantified and classified by family, genus and species, using books and classification keys. The classification and quantification data of species allowed to calculate the following phytosociological variables: frequency (F), relative frequency (Fr), density (D), relative density (Dr), absolute dominance (DoA), relative dominance (DoR), importance value index (IVI), and similarity index (IS). The Amaranthaceae family was the one with the greatest intensity of species in both areas, represented mainly by Alternanthera tenera colla and Amaranthus viridis. In the area cultivated with B. decumbens, Cyperus rotundus presented higher results for frequency, density and abundance. In the Tifton 85 area, Nicandra physalodes presented higher values of density and abundance. The similarity of weed populations in pasture areas was 42.11%, with four species common to both areas.

scholarly journals COMPOSIÇÃO FLORÍSTICA E ESTRUTURA DE FLORESTA EM VÁRZEA ALTA ESTUARINA AMAZÔNICA

FLORESTA ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Leite De Queiroz ◽  
Silas Mochiutti ◽  
Sebastião Do Amaral Machado ◽  
Franklin Galvão
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Floodplain Forest ◽  
Sample Plot ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea ◽  
Amazon Estuary ◽  
Pentaclethra Macroloba ◽  
Absolute Dominance ◽  
Euterpe Oleracea Mart

O presente estudo foi desenvolvido objetivando avaliar a composição florística e a estrutura de floresta de várzea alta do estuário amazônico. Uma parcela amostral de 1,0 ha, dividida em subparcelas de 20 x 50 m, foi instalada no Bailique/AP, furo do Mazagão/AP e rio Maniva/PA, e medidos os indivíduos com DAP ≥ 5 cm. Foram identificados 69 espécies e 60 gêneros de 29 famílias, sendo que 21 espécies foram comuns aos três locais e 24 a apenas um dos três locais. As famílias mais abundantes foram: Arecaceae com 416 plantas/ha (50,4%), com a espécie Euterpe oleracea Mart., 207 plantas/ha (25,1%) e Astrocaryum murumuru Mart. 160 plantas/ha (19,4%); Caesalpiniaceae com 95 plantas/ha (11,5%) com a espécie Mora paraensis Ducke, 82 plantas/ha (9,9%) e família Mimosaceae com 83 plantas/ha (10,0%), com a espécie Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze 56 plantas/ha (6,7%). Para dominância absoluta: 30,07; 34,18; e 36,56 m2/ha. Diversidade de espécies: 2,31; 2,67 e 2,84. Quociente de mistura: 1:18, 1:18 e 1:20 no Bailique, Mazagão e Maniva, respectivamente. Floristic composition and forest’s structure in Amazon estuarine high floodplain Abstract The present study was developed aiming to evaluate the floristic composition and the structure of high floodplain forest in the Amazon estuary. One sample plot of one hectare divided in sub-plots of 20 x 50 m, were installed in Bailique/AP, furo do Mazagão/AP and rio Maniva/PA, for measurement of all trees with DBH ≥ 5 cm. It was identified 69 species and 60 genera of 29 families, with 21 species common to the three areas and 24 only at one of the three areas. The families most abundant were: Arecaceae with 416 plants/ha (50,4%) with the specie Euterpe oleracea Mart. 207 plants/ha (25,1%) and Astrocaryum murumuru Mart. 160 plants/ha (19,4%), Caesalpiniaceae with 95 plants/ha (11,5%) with the specie Mora paraensis Ducke 82 plants/ha (9,9%), and Mimosaceae family with 83 plants/ha (10,0%), with Pentaclethra macroloba (Willd.) Kuntze 56 plants/ha (6,7%). Absolute dominance were: 30,07; 34,18; and 36,56 m2/ha. Species diversity: 2,31; 2,67 and 2,84. Mixture quotients: 1:18, 1:18 and 1:20 for Bailique, Mazagão and Maniva, respectively.

Cosmic Justice

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-29
Author(s):  
Demetris Nicolaides
Keyword(s):  
Primary Substance ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Absolute Dominance

Anaximander thought water is a bad idea for a primary substance of the universe because it’s not neutral—it has an opposite, fire. And opposites destroy; they don’t generate one another. If everything in the universe were initially water, it would be impossible to have its opposite, fire, ever created because water destroys fire. Thus, quarks and leptons can’t be primary, for they have opposites, their antimatter versions, and as opposites, matter and antimatter annihilate, not generate, each other. Anaximander taught everything is generated from the apeiron: a timeless, neutral substance, encompassing the universe and constantly transforming into competing transient opposites, but with measure to preserve the cosmic justice—without absolute dominance by either opposite. In physics, it’s ubiquitous energy that’s constantly transforming into competing opposites—matter and antimatter—with measure. Curiously, however, matter (“water”) is more plentiful than antimatter (“fire”). Why? Nobody knows. Where’s the cosmic justice?

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