scholarly journals Maternal exposure to folic acid antagonists and placenta-mediated adverse pregnancy outcomes

2008 ◽  
Vol 179 (12) ◽  
pp. 1263-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. W. Wen ◽  
J. Zhou ◽  
Q. Yang ◽  
W. Fraser ◽  
O. Olatunbosun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Folic Acid Antagonists ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

scholarly journals Association between exposure to drinking water disinfection byproducts and adverse pregnancy outcomes in South Africa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Funanani Mashau ◽  
Esper Jacobeth Ncube ◽  
Kuku Voyi
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Maternal Exposure ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Water Disinfection ◽  
Regulatory Data ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Currently, there is contradictory evidence for the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with maternal exposure to disinfection byproducts (DBPs). We examine the association between maternal exposure to trihalomethanes (THMs) in drinking water and adverse pregnancy outcomes, including premature birth, low birth weight (LBW) and small for gestational age (SGA). In total, 1,167 women older than 18 years were enrolled at public antenatal venues in two geographical districts. For each district, we measured the levels of residential drinking water DBPs (measured in THMs) through regulatory data and routine water sampling. We estimated the individual uptake of water of each woman by combining individual water use and uptake factors. Increased daily internal dose of total THMs during the third trimester of pregnancy significantly increased the risk of delivering premature infants (AOR 3.13, 95% CI 1.36–7.17). The risk of premature birth was also positiviely associated with exposure to total THMs during the whole pregnancy (AOR 2.89, 95% CI 1.25–6.68). The risk of delivering an SGA and LBW infant was not associated with maternal exposure to THMs. Our findings suggest that exposure to THMs is associated with certain negative pregnancy outcomes. The levels of THMs in water should be routinely monitored.

Drug and Environmental Factors Associated with Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes Part II: Improvement with Folic Acid

1998 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 947-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale P Lewis ◽  
Don C Van Dyke ◽  
Phyllis J Stumbo ◽  
Mary J Berg
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Neural Tube ◽  
Neural Tube Defect ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Effective Dosage ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Acid Supplementation ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

OBJECTIVE: To provide a comprehensive review of periconceptional folic acid supplementation and factors affecting folate supplementation trials. DATA SOURCES: A MEDLINE search was conducted through December 1997. Additional sources were obtained from Current Contents and citations from the references obtained. Search terms included folate, folic acid, neural tube defect, spina bifida, and anencephaly. STUDY SELECTION: Relevant animal and human studies examining the effects of folate were reviewed. DATA EXTRACTION: Data collected included: type of study, folate dosing, dietary folate intake, serum and red blood cell folate concentrations, type of defect(s) studied, vitamin usage, parental risk factors, factors affecting trial results. DATA SYNTHESIS: Nine key factors have been identified that affect outcomes of folic acid supplementation trials. Daily doses of 0.8 mg decreased the occurrence and doses of 4 mg decreased the recurrence of neural tube defects in randomized clinical trials. Since lower folic acid doses were effective in nonrandomized trials, research is needed to determine the lowest effective dosage. Other benefits involving pregnancy outcome are suggested. CONCLUSIONS: Women of childbearing age should take a daily folic acid supplement to reduce the risk of pregnancies resulting in infants with a neural tube defect and other potential adverse pregnancy outcomes. Further health benefits from folic acid supplementation are reviewed in Part III of this series.

scholarly journals Efficacy of 4.0 mg versus 0.4 mg Folic Acid Supplementation on the Reproductive Outcomes: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4422
Author(s):  
Renata Bortolus ◽  
Francesca Filippini ◽  
Sonia Cipriani ◽  
Daniele Trevisanuto ◽  
Francesco Cavallin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Composite Outcome ◽  
Reproductive Outcomes ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Folic acid (FA) supplementation prevents neural tube defects (NTDs), but the effects on other reproductive outcomes are unclear. While common recommendation is 0.4 mg/day in addition to regular nutrition, the most appropriate dose of FA is still under debate. We investigated the effects of a higher dose of periconception FA on reducing adverse reproductive outcomes. In this multicenter double-blind randomized controlled trial (RCT), 1060 women (aged 18–44 years and planning a pregnancy) were randomly assigned to receive 4.0 mg or 0.4 mg of FA daily. The primary outcome was the occurrence of congenital malformations (CMs). A composite outcome including one or more adverse pregnancy outcomes was also evaluated. A total of 431 women had a natural conception within 1 year. The primary outcome occurred in 8/227 (3.5%) women receiving 4.0 mg FA and 9/204 (4.4%) women receiving 0.4 mg FA (RR 0.80; 95%CI 0.31 to 2.03). The composite outcome occurred in 43/227 (18.9%) women receiving 4.0 mg FA and 75/204 (36.8%) women receiving 0.4 mg FA (RR 0.51; 95%CI 0.40 to 0.68). FA 4.0 mg supplementation was not associated with different occurrence of CMs, compared to FA 0.4 mg supplementation. However, FA 4.0 mg supplementation was associated with lower occurrence of other adverse pregnancy outcomes.

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