scholarly journals Contraband cigarettes becoming a national norm

2007 ◽  
Vol 176 (11) ◽  
pp. 1567-1568 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
National Norm ◽  
Contraband Cigarettes

“Dragon fly”: Lexical change, local scatter, and the national norm

1982 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-417
Author(s):  
Frank Anshen ◽  
Mark Aronoff
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Language Change ◽  
Language Variation ◽  
National Norm ◽  
Lexical Change

ABSTRACTIn the New York area, there are three local terms for “dragon fly”: darning needle, dining needle, and diamond needle. We analyze the distribution of these terms and their relation to the national norm, dragon fly. (Language variation, dialectology, language change.)

Health-related quality of life of unrelated bone marrow donors in Japan

Blood ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 1995-2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mina Nishimori ◽  
Yoshitsugu Yamada ◽  
Keiko Hoshi ◽  
Yuichi Akiyama ◽  
Yasutaka Hoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
National Norm ◽  
Sf 36 ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Abstract To promote bone marrow donation, both the safety and well-being of healthy unrelated volunteer donors must be protected. This prospective cohort study evaluated donors' health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and identified factors associated with it. Using the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) before bone marrow harvesting (BMH), and again 1 week and 3 months after the donors' discharge, we evaluated HRQOL of 565 donors (329 men, 236 women) registered with the Japan Marrow Donor Program (JMDP). We also examined the data routinely collected by the JMDP, such as BMH-related problems and other demographic and medical variables, to determine whether such data could be used to predict donors' HRQOL after discharge. Mean scores of all pre-BMH SF-36 subscales showed better functioning than the national norm. One week after discharge, mean scores on physical functioning (PF) and role-physical (RP) subscales, indicative of physical states, and bodily pain (BP) were approximately 1 SD lower than the national norm; however, mental health (MH) and general health perception (GH) remained above normal; the most frequent BMH-related problems were pain at the donation site and lower back pain, which were associated with lower PF, RP, and BP scores. Female gender and duration of procedure predicted lower PF, RP, and BP. Three months after discharge, mean scores of all SF-36 subscales had returned to baseline levels. These data show that the adverse effects of BMH on donors' HRQOL are transient and can be minimized by better management of pain.

Explicating some prepositional usages in Cameroon English

English Today ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 23-29
Author(s):  
Alain Takam
Keyword(s):  
Interference Factor ◽  
British English ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
National Education ◽  
National Norm ◽  
American Colonies ◽  
Good Number

This study investigates a number of non-interference sources of some Cameroon English (CamE) prepositional usages. It is based on the observation that the investigation of causes or sources of post-colonial Englishisms (peculiarities of newer varieties of English spoken in former English and American colonies) has so far favoured the interference factor. More clearly, post-colonial English (PCE) specificities have generally been attributed to the influence of the speakers' other tongues on their (English) production (see, for example, Platt et al., 1984; Mbangwana, 1989; Bokamba, 1992; Gramley & Pätzold, 1992; Asante, 1995). Although the interference factor is indeed easily perceptible in CamE, it is interesting to note that other factors might have played a major role in the emergence of English in Cameroon. In reality, there are several non-contrastive causes that could underlie some grammatical constructions of PCE in general and CamE in particular. Many such causes are being studied, especially at the phonological level. However, few studies have been devoted to the non-interference sources of CamE grammatical usages in general and preposition use in particular. This paper will thus examine how CamE speakers use prepositions to express direction and location. From the analysis, non-interference sources of a good number of CamE specificities such as the colonial factor, logicalization, analogy and tacit national norm seem to be some of the autonomous routes unconsciously used by CamE speakers to yield a variety of English that markedly differs from the standardized varieties of British English (StE), officially the target of national education.

scholarly journals Privileges and Immunities of the International Organizations Staff

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-61
Author(s):  
A. G. Miachina
Keyword(s):  
International Law ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
International Norm ◽  
National Norm ◽  
The Law

The article discloses the basic privileges and immunities of the international organizations staff, as established by the provisions of international law. The author considers dispute settlement practices involving international organizations staff to determine compliance with international norm-setting which regulates the law institution in question, including cooperation with the national norm-setting.

scholarly journals Study on Relationship Between Family Cohesion and Adaptability, and Quality of Life of Caregivers of Children with ASD

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (8) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Xianmei Lei
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Family Cohesion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
General Level ◽  
Family Quality Of Life ◽  
National Norm ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Family Adaptability ◽  
Quality Of Life Scale

<p><em>The present study aimed at exploring the status of family cohesion, adaptability and quality of life of caregivers of children with ASD, as well as the relationship between family cohesion </em><em>and </em><em>adaptability, and quality of life. One hundred and sixty-three caregivers of children with ASD from Sichuan province </em><em>in China </em><em>were investigated by the </em><em>Chinese vision of </em><em>Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale and Beach Center Family Quality of Life Scale</em><em>. The results showed that: (1) The score on family cohesion of caregivers of children with ASD was higher than the national norm, and the score on family adaptability was lower than the national norm; (2) The satisfaction of quality of life </em><em>wa</em><em>s between general level and satisfactory level, and </em><em>the </em><em>score</em><em> on </em><em>satisfaction </em><em>in e</em><em>ach dimension</em><em> </em><em>from high to low was </em><em>Family Interaction, Parenting, Disability-Related Support, Emotional Well-Being and Physical/Material Well-Being</em><em>; (3) Family </em><em>cohesion and quality of life were significantly correlated, and adaptability and quality of life were also significantly correlated; </em><em>(4) Caregivers with higher family cohesion and adaptability showed higher quality of life than the caregivers with lower family cohesion and adaptability; (5) Family cohesion and adaptability had a positive </em><em>impact on</em><em> quality of life.</em><em></em></p>

scholarly journals NORM-related industrial activities in Estonia – Establishing national NORM inventory

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 86-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taavi Vaasma ◽  
Madis Kiisk ◽  
Maria Leier ◽  
Siiri Suursoo ◽  
Alar Jantsikene ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Activities ◽  
National Norm

scholarly journals Determination of Metal Ions in Contraband Cigarettes in Brazil

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cleber Pinto da Silva ◽  
Carmen Lúcia Voigt ◽  
Sandro X. de Campos
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Contraband Cigarettes
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