Role of astrocytes in rhythmic motor activity

The ability to maintain alveolar ventilation is compromised by respiratory muscle weakness. To examine the independent role of reflexly mediated neural mechanisms to decreases in the strength of contraction of respiratory muscles, we studied the effects of partial paralysis on the level and pattern of phrenic motor activity in 22 anesthetized spontaneously breathing dogs. Graded weakness induced with succinylcholine decreased tidal volume and prolonged both inspiratory and expiratory time causing hypoventilation and hypercapnia. Phrenic peak activity as well as the rate of rise of the integrated phrenic neurogram increased. However, when studied under isocapnic conditions, increases in the severity of paralysis, as assessed from the ratio of peak diaphragm electromyogram to peak phrenic activity, produced progressive increases in inspiratory time and phrenic peak activity but did not affect its rate of rise. After vagotomy, partial paralysis induced in 11 dogs with succinylcholine also prolonged the inspiratory burst of phrenic activity, indicating that vagal reflexes were not solely responsible for the alterations in respiratory timing. Muscle paresis was also induced with gallamine or dantrolene, causing similar responses of phrenic activity and respiratory timing. Thus, at constant levels of arterial CO2 in anesthetized dogs, respiratory muscle partial paralysis results in a decrease in breathing rate without changing the rate of rise of respiratory motor activity. This is not dependent solely on vagally mediated reflexes and occurs regardless of the pharmacological agent used. These observations in the anesthetized state are qualitatively different from the response to respiratory muscle paralysis or weakness observed in awake subjects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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SURVEY ON THE OPINION AND SIGNIFICANCE OF SPORTS ACTIVITIES AMONG STUDENTS TRAINING IN THE "NURSES" AND "MIDWIVES"

Trakia Journal of Sciences ◽

10.15547/tjs.2020.s.01.103 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (Suppl.1) ◽

pp. 640-646

Author(s):

A. Bozhkova ◽

K. Gerasimov

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Physical Activity ◽

Motor Activity ◽

Self Assessment ◽

Knowledge And Skills ◽

Medical University ◽

Nurses And Midwives ◽

Sports Activities

The aim of the research is, through a survey among students studying in the specialties "Nurse" and "Midwife", to study their opinion and attitude to the current models for conducting classes in the discipline "Sports", and in particular to their motor activity. The study involved students from the Medical University - Sofia (Faculty of Public Health and Branch "Prof. Dr. Ivan Mitev" - Vratsa). The tasks we set ourselves are: 1. To conduct a survey on the opinion and attitude of students to the discipline "Sport" and self-assessment of their physical activity; 2. To process and analyze the data from the survey; 3. To draw conclusions and formulate recommendations. To achieve the goal and tasks, a questionnaire with 18 questions was developed, and the obtained results will give us valuable information about motor culture, knowledge and skills about the role of sports during the training of the studied students and then in their future realization as specialists.

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Rhythmic Motor Activity Evoked by NMDA in the Spinal Zebrafish Larva

Journal of Neurophysiology ◽

10.1152/jn.00844.2005 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 95 (1) ◽

pp. 401-417 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Jonathan R. McDearmid ◽

Pierre Drapeau

Keyword(s):

Motor Activity ◽

Zebrafish Larva ◽

Rhythmic Motor

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Coordination of rhythmic motor activity by gradients of synaptic strength in a neural circuit that couples modular neural oscillators.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1162778.624376 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Eve Marder

Keyword(s):

Motor Activity ◽

Neural Circuit ◽

Synaptic Strength ◽

Neural Oscillators ◽

Rhythmic Motor

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Genetic study of motor functions in Drosophila melanogaster

Ecological genetics ◽

10.17816/ecogen10151-61 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 51-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sergey A Fedotov ◽

Julia V Bragina ◽

Nataliya G Besedina ◽

Larisa V Danilenkova ◽

Elena A Kamysheva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Drosophila Melanogaster ◽

Motor Activity ◽

Genomic Dna ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Central Pattern Generators ◽

Courtship Song ◽

P Element ◽

Rhythmic Motor ◽

Pattern Generators ◽

First Time

To investigate molecular mechanisms of central pattern generators (CPG s) functioning, we carried out a screening of collection of Drosophila P-insertional mutants for strong deviations in locomotion and courtship song. In 21 mutants, the site of the P-insertion was localized by sequencing of the fragments of genomic DNA flanking the P-element. Bioinformational analysis revealed a list of candidate genes, potential players in development and functioning of CPG s. Possible involvement of certain identified genes in rhythmic motor activity is suggested for the first time (CG15630, Map205).

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