scholarly journals The effect of L‐arginine supplementation on maximal oxygen uptake: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahla Rezaei ◽  
Maryam Gholamalizadeh ◽  
Reza Tabrizi ◽  
Peyman Nowrouzi‐Sohrabi ◽  
Samira Rastgoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Arginine Supplementation

Effects of strict prolonged bed rest on cardiorespiratory fitness: systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 123 (4) ◽  
pp. 790-799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathias Ried-Larsen ◽  
Hugo M. Aarts ◽  
Michael J. Joyner
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Total Body Weight ◽  
Aerobic Exercise Training ◽  
Younger Women

The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis [International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) CRD42017055619] was to assess the effects of strict prolonged bed rest (without countermeasures) on maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o2max) and to explore sources of variation therein. Since 1949, 80 studies with a total of 949 participants (>90% men) have been published with data on strict bed rest and V̇o2max. The studies were conducted mainly in young participants [median age (interquartile range) 24.5 (22.4–34.0) yr]. The duration of bed rest ranged from 1 to 90 days. V̇o2max declined linearly across bed rest duration. No statistical difference in the decline among studies reporting V̇o2max as l/min (−0.3% per day) compared with studies reporting V̇o2max normalized to body weight (ml·kg−1·min−1; −0.43% per day) was observed. Although both total body weight and lean body mass declined in response to bed rest, we did not see any associations with the decline in V̇o2max. However, 15–26% of the variation in the decline in V̇o2max was explained by the pre-bed-rest V̇o2max levels, independent of the duration of bed rest (i.e., higher pre-bed-rest V̇o2max levels were associated with larger declines in V̇o2max). Furthermore, the systematic review revealed a gap in the knowledge about the cardiovascular response to extreme physical inactivity, particularly in older subjects and women of any age group. In addition to its relevance to spaceflight, this lack of data has significant translational implications because younger women sometimes undergo prolonged periods of bed rest associated with the complications of pregnancy and the incidence of hospitalization including prolonged periods of bed rest increases with age. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Large interindividual responses of maximal oxygen uptake (V̇o2max) to aerobic exercise training exist. However, less is known about the variability in the response of V̇o2max to prolonged bed rest. This systematic review and meta-analysis showed that pre-bed-rest V̇o2max values were inversely associated with the change in V̇o2max independent of the duration of bed rest. Moreover, we identified a large knowledge gap about the causes of decline in V̇o2max, particularly in postmenopausal women, which may have clinical implications.

scholarly journals A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Submaximal Exercise-Based Equations to Predict Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Young People

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 342-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katia Ferrar ◽  
Harrison Evans ◽  
Ashleigh Smith ◽  
Gaynor Parfitt ◽  
Roger Eston
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Young People ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Exercise Tests ◽  
Exercise Mode ◽  
Selection Of

Many equations to predict maximal oxygen uptake (V̇O2max) from submaximal exercise tests have been proposed for young people, but the composition and accuracy of these equations vary greatly. The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze all submaximal exercise-based equations to predict V̇O2max measured via direct gas analysis for use with young people. Five databases were systematically searched in February 2013. Studies were included if they used a submaximal, exercise-based method to predict V̇O2max; the actual V̇O2max was gas analyzed; participants were younger than 18 years; and equations included at least one submaximal exercise-based variable. A meta-analysis and narrative synthesis were conducted. Sixteen studies were included. The mean equation validity statistic was strong, r = .786 (95% CI 0.747–0.819). Subgroup meta-analysis suggests exercise mode may contribute to the overall model, with running- and walking-based predictive equations reporting the highest mean r values (running r = .880; walking r = .821) and cycling the weakest (r = .743). Selection of the most appropriate equation should be guided by factors such as purpose, logistic limitations, appropriateness of the validation sample, the level of study bias, and the degree of accuracy. Suggestions regarding the most accurate equation for each exercise mode are provided.

scholarly journals Is a verification phase useful for confirming maximal oxygen uptake in apparently healthy adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0247057
Author(s):  
Victor A. B. Costa ◽  
Adrian W. Midgley ◽  
Sean Carroll ◽  
Todd A. Astorino ◽  
Tainah de Paula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthy Adults ◽  
Phase Duration ◽  
Funnel Plot ◽  
Exercise Modality ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background The ‘verification phase’ has emerged as a supplementary procedure to traditional maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) criteria to confirm that the highest possible VO2 has been attained during a cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). Objective To compare the highest VO2 responses observed in different verification phase procedures with their preceding CPET for confirmation that VO2max was likely attained. Methods MEDLINE (accessed through PubMed), Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane (accessed through Wiley) were searched for relevant studies that involved apparently healthy adults, VO2max determination by indirect calorimetry, and a CPET on a cycle ergometer or treadmill that incorporated an appended verification phase. RevMan 5.3 software was used to analyze the pooled effect of the CPET and verification phase on the highest mean VO2. Meta-analysis effect size calculations incorporated random-effects assumptions due to the diversity of experimental protocols employed. I2 was calculated to determine the heterogeneity of VO2 responses, and a funnel plot was used to check the risk of bias, within the mean VO2 responses from the primary studies. Subgroup analyses were used to test the moderator effects of sex, cardiorespiratory fitness, exercise modality, CPET protocol, and verification phase protocol. Results Eighty studies were included in the systematic review (total sample of 1,680 participants; 473 women; age 19–68 yr.; VO2max 3.3 ± 1.4 L/min or 46.9 ± 12.1 mL·kg-1·min-1). The highest mean VO2 values attained in the CPET and verification phase were similar in the 54 studies that were meta-analyzed (mean difference = 0.03 [95% CI = -0.01 to 0.06] L/min, P = 0.15). Furthermore, the difference between the CPET and verification phase was not affected by any of the potential moderators such as verification phase intensity (P = 0.11), type of recovery utilized (P = 0.36), VO2max verification criterion adoption (P = 0.29), same or alternate day verification procedure (P = 0.21), verification-phase duration (P = 0.35), or even according to sex, cardiorespiratory fitness level, exercise modality, and CPET protocol (P = 0.18 to P = 0.71). The funnel plot indicated that there was no significant publication bias. Conclusions The verification phase seems a robust procedure to confirm that the highest possible VO2 has been attained during a ramp or continuous step-incremented CPET. However, given the high concordance between the highest mean VO2 achieved in the CPET and verification phase, findings from the current study would question its necessity in all testing circumstances. PROSPERO Registration ID CRD42019123540.

scholarly journals Size Exponents for Scaling Maximal Oxygen Uptake in Over 6500 Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1405-1419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenzo Lolli ◽  
Alan M. Batterham ◽  
Kathryn L. Weston ◽  
Greg Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Meta Analysis

scholarly journals Effects of a Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet Combined with High-Intensity Interval Training on Body Composition and Maximal Oxygen Uptake: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10740
Author(s):  
Jing Hu ◽  
Zhen Wang ◽  
Bingkai Lei ◽  
Junping Li ◽  
Ruiyuan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Carbohydrate ◽  
High Intensity Interval

The low-carbohydrate high-fat (LCHF) diet has recently been subject to attention on account of its reported influences on body composition and physical performance. However, the combined effect of LCHF with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) is unclear. A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to explore the effect of the LCHF diet combined with HIIT on human body composition (i.e., body weight (BM), body mass index (BMI), fat mass (FM), body fat percentage (BFP), fat-free mass (FFM)) and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Online libraries (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, EBSCO, CNKI, Wan Fang) were used to search initial studies until July 2021, from which 10 out of 2440 studies were included. WMD served as the effect size with a confidence interval value of 95%. The results of meta-analysis showed a significant reduction in BM (WMD = −5.299; 95% CI: −7.223, −3.376, p = 0.000), BMI (WMD = −1.150; 95% CI: −2.225, −0.075, p = 0.036), BFP (WMD = −2.787; 95% CI: −4.738, −0.835, p = 0.005) and a significant increase in VO2max (WMD = 3.311; 95% CI: 1.705, 4.918, p = 0.000), while FM (WMD = −2.221; 95% CI: −4.582, 0.139, p = 0.065) and FFM (WMD = 0.487; 95% CI: −3.512, 4.469, p = 0.814) remained unchanged. In conclusion, the LCHF diet combined with HIIT can reduce weight and fat effectively. This combination is sufficient to prevent muscle mass loss during LCHF, and further enhance VO2max. Further research might be required to clarify the effect of other types of exercise on body composition and physical performance during LCHF.

Resistance exercise enhances oxygen uptake without worsening cardiac function in patients with systolic heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco V. Santos ◽  
Gaspar R. Chiappa ◽  
Sergio Henrique Rodolpho Ramalho ◽  
Alexandra Correa Gervazoni Balbuena de Lima ◽  
Fausto Stauffer Junqueira de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Systolic Heart Failure

The effect of oral L-arginine supplementation on asymmetric dimethylarginine levels: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Meysam Zarezadeh ◽  
Mohammad Reza Emami ◽  
Hamed Kord-Varkane ◽  
Seyed Mohammad Mousavi ◽  
Hamed Alizadeh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Asymmetric Dimethylarginine ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Arginine Supplementation

scholarly journals The effect of l-arginine supplementation on lipid profile: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (9) ◽  
pp. 1021-1032
Author(s):  
Amir Hadi ◽  
Arman Arab ◽  
Sajjad Moradi ◽  
Ana Pantovic ◽  
Cain C. T. Clark ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trials ◽  
Weighted Mean Difference ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Controlled Trials ◽  
Inconsistency Index ◽  
Randomised Controlled ◽  
Arginine Supplementation

AbstractA number of clinical trials have examined the effect of l-arginine on lipid profile in recent years; however, the results remain equivocal. Therefore, the present study aims to summarise and quantitatively examine the available evidence on the effectiveness l-arginine supplementation on lipid parameters using a systematic review and meta-analytic approach. Online databases including PubMed, Scopus, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were searched up to April 2019 for randomised controlled trials that examined the effect of l-arginine supplementation on lipid profile in adults. Treatment effects were expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) and the corresponding standard error in concentrations of serum lipids. To estimate the overall effect of l-arginine supplementation, we used the random-effects model. In total, twelve studies were included in the systematic review. The meta-analysis revealed that l-arginine supplementation did not significantly change the concentrations of total cholesterol (WMD: –5·03 mg/dl; 95 % CI –10·78, 0·73; P = 0·08; inconsistency index (I2) = 39·0 %), LDL (WMD: –0·47 mg/dl; 95 % CI –3·61, 2·66; P = 0·76; I2 = 0·0 %), or HDL (WMD: 0·57 mg/dl; 95 % CI –1·28, 2·43; P = 0·54; I2 = 68·4 %). A significant reduction was observed only in serum TAG levels (WMD: –7·04 mg/dl; 95 % CI –11·42, –2·67; P < 0·001; I2 = 0·0 %). This meta-analysis concludes that l-arginine supplementation can significantly reduce blood TAG levels; however, there is insufficient evidence to support its hypocholesterolaemic effects. To draw straightforward conclusions regarding generalised recommendations for l-arginine supplementation for improving lipid profile, there is a need for more well-controlled trials targeting exclusively patients with dyslipidaemia.

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