scholarly journals Changes in urethral smooth muscle and external urethral sphincter function with age in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuma Oshiro ◽  
Ryu Kimura ◽  
Keiichiro Izumi ◽  
Asuka Ashikari ◽  
Seiichi Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Urethral Sphincter ◽  
External Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Sphincter Function ◽  
Urethral Smooth Muscle

scholarly journals Rat Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome Promotes Elastogenesis and Facilitates Recovery from Simulated Childbirth Injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 1395-1406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charuspong Dissaranan ◽  
Michelle A. Cruz ◽  
Matthew J. Kiedrowski ◽  
Brian M. Balog ◽  
Bradley C. Gill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Female Rats ◽  
Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Leak Point Pressure ◽  
External Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Paracrine Factors ◽  
Pelvic Organs ◽  
Point Pressure ◽  
Urethral Smooth Muscle ◽  
And Function ◽  
Vaginal Distension

Vaginal delivery is a risk factor for stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) home to injured organs and can facilitate repair. The goal of this study was to determine if MSCs home to pelvic organs after simulated childbirth injury and facilitate recovery from SUI via paracrine factors. Three experiments were performed. Eighteen female rats received vaginal distension (VD) or sham VD and labeled intravenous (IV) MSCs to investigate if MSCs home to the pelvic organs. Whole-organ imaging and immunofluorescence were performed 1 week later. Thirty-four female rats received VD and IV MSCs, VD and IV saline, or sham VD and IV saline to investigate if MSCs accelerate recovery of continence. Twenty-nine female rats received VD and periurethral concentrated conditioned media (CCM), VD and periurethral control media, or sham VD and periurethral control media to investigate if factors secreted by MSCs accelerate recovery from VD. Urethral histology and function were assessed 1 week later. Significantly more MSCs were observed in the urethra, vagina, and spleen after VD compared to sham VD. Continence as measured by leak point pressure (LPP) was significantly reduced after VD in rats treated with saline or control media compared to sham VD but not in those given MSCs or CCM. External urethral sphincter (EUS) function as measured by electromyography (EMG) was not improved with MSCs or CCM. Rats treated with MSCs or CCM demonstrated an increase in elastin fibers near the EUS and urethral smooth muscle more similar to that of sham-injured animals than rats treated with saline or control media. MSCs homed to the urethra and vagina and facilitated recovery of continence most likely via secretion of paracrine factors. Both MSCs and CCM have promise as novel noninvasive therapies for SUI.

RESTORATION OF EXTERNAL URETHRAL SPHINCTER FUNCTION AFTER PUDENDAL NERVE END-TO-END ANASTOMOSIS IN THE MALE RABBIT

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4) ◽  
pp. 1715-1719 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCISCO J. MARTINEZ PORTILLO ◽  
DANIAR K. OSMONOV ◽  
CHRISTOPH SEIF ◽  
PETER M. BRAUN ◽  
GEORG BOEHLER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pudendal Nerve ◽  
Urethral Sphincter ◽  
External Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Male Rabbit ◽  
Sphincter Function ◽  
End To End

Bladder and External Urethral Sphincter Function After Prenatal Closure of Myelomeningocele

2006 ◽  
Vol 176 (5) ◽  
pp. 2232-2236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chester J. Koh ◽  
Roger E. DeFilippo ◽  
Joseph G. Borer ◽  
Shahram Khoshbin ◽  
Stuart B. Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Urethral Sphincter ◽  
External Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Sphincter Function

Changes in bladder and external urethral sphincter function after spinal cord injury in the rat

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (6) ◽  
pp. R1157-R1163 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Kruse ◽  
A. L. Belton ◽  
W. C. de Groat
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Bladder Capacity ◽  
Electromyographic Activity ◽  
Sphincter Muscle ◽  
Urethral Sphincter ◽  
External Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Sphincter Function ◽  
Cord Injury

Spinal cord injury (SCI) in humans results in inappropriate contractions of the external urethral sphincter muscle (EUS) during micturition (bladder-sphincter dyssynergia), leading to urinary retention. The major goal of this study was to determine whether SCI in rats has similar detrimental effects on micturition. After chronic SCI, urethan-anesthetized rats had a significantly (15-fold) increased bladder capacity and impaired voiding (31-fold increase in residual volume) compared with control rats. Bladder contractions in SCI rats were accompanied by abnormal tonic EUS electromyographic activity, whereas the EUS electromyograms of control rats exhibited a burst pattern (4-8 Hz) during voiding. Suppression of EUS activity with neuromuscular blockade did not improve the fraction of urine voided in SCI rats and reduced the fraction voided in control rats. Therefore, both tonic activity and complete quiescence of the rat's EUS appear to be detrimental to voiding, suggesting that the normal bursting EUS activity facilitates bladder emptying. In summary, rats and humans exhibit similar micturition dysfunctions after SCI (e.g., bladder-sphincter dyssynergia and impaired voiding).

Change of External Urethral Sphincter Function in Prostatic Patients

1991 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Yasuda ◽  
K. Nagashima ◽  
N. Murayama ◽  
T. Yamanishi ◽  
M. Tojo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urethral Sphincter ◽  
External Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Sphincter Function

scholarly journals High-frequency micro-ultrasound: A novel method to assess external urethral sphincter function in rats following simulated birth injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 264-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lukman Hakim ◽  
Masayuki Endo ◽  
Andrew Feola ◽  
Doddy M. Soebadi ◽  
Jan Deprest ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Birth Injury ◽  
External Urethral Sphincter ◽  
Sphincter Function ◽  
Novel Method
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