scholarly journals Aerobic but not thermoregulatory gains following a 10‐day moderate‐intensity training protocol are fitness level dependent: A cross‐adaptation perspective

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandros Sotiridis ◽  
Tadej Debevec ◽  
Urša Ciuha ◽  
Adam C. McDonnell ◽  
Tinkara Mlinar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Cross Adaptation ◽  
Intensity Training ◽  
Training Protocol

High-intensity training induces EIB in rats through neuron transdifferentiation of adrenal medulla chromaffin cells

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (9) ◽  
pp. L602-L612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruoxi He ◽  
Juntao Feng ◽  
Qiufen Xun ◽  
Qingwu Qin ◽  
Chengping Hu
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Medulla ◽  
Chromaffin Cells ◽  
Cell Structure ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Intensity Training

A high prevalence of exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) can be found in elite athletes, but the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Airway responsiveness, NGF and epinephrine (EPI) levels, and chromaffin cell structure in high- (HiTr) and moderate-intensity training (MoTr) rats with or without ovalbumin (OVA) sensitization were measured in a total of 120 male Sprague-Dawley rats. The expression of NGF-associated genes in rat adrenal medulla was tested. Both HiTr and OVA intervention significantly increased airway resistance to aerosolized methacholine measured by whole body plethysmography. HiTr significantly increased inflammatory reaction in the lung with a major increase in peribronchial lymphocyte infiltration, whereas OVA significantly increased the infiltration of various inflammatory cells with an over 10-fold increase in eosinophil level in bronchoalveolar lavage. Both HiTr and OVA intervention upregulated circulating NGF level and peripherin level in adrenal medulla, but downregulated phenylethanolamine N-methyl transferase level in adrenal medulla and circulating EPI level. HiTr + OVA and HiTr + ExhEx (exhaustive exercise) interventions significantly enhanced most of the HiTr effects. The elevated NGF level was significantly associated with neuronal conversion of adrenal medulla chromaffin cells (AMCC). The levels of p-Erk1/2, JMJD3, and Mash1 were significantly increased, but the levels of p-p38 and p-JNK were significantly decreased in adrenal medulla in HiTr and OVA rats. Injection of NGF antiserum and moderate-intensity training reversed these changes observed in HiTr and/or OVA rats. Our study suggests that NGF may play a vital role in the pathogenesis of EIB by inducing neuron transdifferentiation of AMCC via MAPK pathways and subsequently decreasing circulating EPI.

Comparison of High-Intensity Training Versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Body Fat Percentage in Persons With Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Nivash Rugbeer ◽  
Demitri Constantinou ◽  
Georgia Torres
Keyword(s):  
Body Fat ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Body Fat Percentage ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Intensity Training

Background: High-intensity training is comprised of sprint interval training (SIT) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). This study compared high-intensity training with moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and body fat percentage for overweight or obese persons. Methods: A systematic search of randomized controlled trials using the health science databases occurred up to April, 2020. Twenty-six studies were included for complete analysis. A total of 784 participations were analyzed. The unstandardized mean difference for each outcome measurement was extracted from the studies and pooled with the random effects model. Results: MICT was significantly better at improving CRF compared with SIT (mean difference = −0.92; 95% confidence interval, −1.63 to −0.21; P = .01; I2 = 10%). Furthermore, there was no significant difference between MICT versus HIIT on CRF (mean difference = −0.52; 95% confidence interval, −1.18 to 0.13; P = .12; I2 = 23%). There was no significant difference in body fat percentage between MICT versus HIIT and MICT versus SIT. Conclusions: MICT was significantly better at improving CRF than SIT in overweight or obese persons.

scholarly journals Activation of JNK in rat heart by exercise: effect of training

2003 ◽  
Vol 285 (6) ◽  
pp. H2639-H2647 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. O. Boluyt ◽  
A. M. Loyd ◽  
M. H. Roth ◽  
M. J. Randall ◽  
E. Y. M. Song
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Rat Heart ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
High Intensity Training ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Exercise Effect ◽  
No Activation ◽  
Intensity Training ◽  
Training Protocol

The purpose of the study was to determine whether exercise would activate JNK in the heart and whether chronic exercise training would alter the response. Untrained rats were familiarized with the treadmill and assigned to one of four groups: low intensity (LI), 10 min, 0%, 15 m/min; medium intensity (MI), 10 min, 0%, 33 m/min; high intensity (HI), 10 min, 25%, 33 m/min; long duration (LD), 30 min, 0%, 15 m/min. Another cohort of rats was subjected to a progressive 6 wk high-intensity training protocol that produced a 12% increase in heart mass. In untrained rats, JNK activity was LI: 1.5 (fold nonrun control), MI: 2.0, HI: 2.5, LD: 1.25 immediately after a single bout of exercise. In trained rats, no activation of JNK above baseline was detected after either a 10-min or 1-h bout of exercise. We concluded that treadmill exercise activates JNK in the rat heart in an intensity-dependent manner and that chronic training abrogates the myocardial JNK response to a bout of exercise.

scholarly journals High- or moderate-intensity training promotes change in cardiorespiratory fitness, but not visceral fat, in obese men: A randomised trial of equal energy expenditure exercise

2019 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Gerosa-Neto ◽  
Valéria Leme Gonçalves Panissa ◽  
Paula Alves Monteiro ◽  
Daniela Sayuri Inoue ◽  
José Procópio Jabur Ribeiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Equal Energy ◽  
Intensity Training

High-intensity interval exercise induces 24-h energy expenditure similar to traditional endurance exercise despite reduced time commitment

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 845-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren E. Skelly ◽  
Patricia C. Andrews ◽  
Jenna B. Gillen ◽  
Brian J. Martin ◽  
Michael E. Percival ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
High Intensity Interval Training ◽  
Interval Exercise ◽  
Time Commitment ◽  
High Intensity Interval ◽  
Intensity Training

Subjects performed high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and continuous moderate-intensity training (END) to evaluate 24-h oxygen consumption. Oxygen consumption during HIIT was lower versus END; however, total oxygen consumption over 24 h was similar. These data demonstrate that HIIT and END induce similar 24-h energy expenditure, which may explain the comparable changes in body composition reported despite lower total training volume and time commitment.

Sprint Interval Versus Moderate Intensity Training On Quality Of Life In Prediabetic Women

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 ◽  
pp. 661
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Gilbertson ◽  
Joan A. Mandelson ◽  
Kathryn L. Hilovsky ◽  
David L. Wenos ◽  
Jeremy D. Akers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Intensity Training
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