scholarly journals Bidirectional scaling of vocal variability by an avian cortico-basal ganglia circuit

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. e13638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan B. Heston ◽  
Joseph Simon ◽  
Nancy F. Day ◽  
Melissa J. Coleman ◽  
Stephanie A. White
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Vocal Variability

scholarly journals Dopaminergic modulation of basal ganglia output through coupled excitation–inhibition

2017 ◽  
Vol 114 (22) ◽  
pp. 5713-5718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Budzillo ◽  
Alison Duffy ◽  
Kimberly E. Miller ◽  
Adrienne L. Fairhall ◽  
David J. Perkel
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Vocal Learning ◽  
Synaptic Connections ◽  
Biophysical Mechanism ◽  
Output Neurons ◽  
Neural Variability ◽  
Vocal Variability ◽  
Selection Of

Learning and maintenance of skilled movements require exploration of motor space and selection of appropriate actions. Vocal learning and social context-dependent plasticity in songbirds depend on a basal ganglia circuit, which actively generates vocal variability. Dopamine in the basal ganglia reduces trial-to-trial neural variability when the bird engages in courtship song. Here, we present evidence for a unique, tonically active, excitatory interneuron in the songbird basal ganglia that makes strong synaptic connections onto output pallidal neurons, often linked in time with inhibitory events. Dopamine receptor activity modulates the coupling of these excitatory and inhibitory events in vitro, which results in a dynamic change in the synchrony of a modeled population of basal ganglia output neurons receiving excitatory and inhibitory inputs. The excitatory interneuron thus serves as one biophysical mechanism for the introduction or modulation of neural variability in this circuit.

scholarly journals Activity in a Cortical-Basal Ganglia Circuit for Song Is Required for Social Context-Dependent Vocal Variability

2010 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 2474-2486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie Stepanek ◽  
Allison J. Doupe
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Context Effects ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Social Regulation ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Magnocellular Nucleus ◽  
Context Dependent ◽  
Vocal Variability

Variability in adult motor output is important for enabling animals to respond to changing external conditions. Songbirds are useful for studying variability because they alter the amount of variation in their song depending on social context. When an adult zebra finch male sings to a female (“directed”), his song is highly stereotyped, but when he sings alone (“undirected”), his song varies across renditions. Lesions of the lateral magnocellular nucleus of the anterior nidopallium (LMAN), the output nucleus of a cortical-basal ganglia circuit for song, reduce song variability to that of the stereotyped “performance” state. However, such lesions not only eliminate LMAN's synaptic input to its targets, but can also cause structural or physiological changes in connected brain regions, and thus cannot assess whether the acute activity of LMAN is important for social modulation of adult song variability. To evaluate the effects of ongoing LMAN activity, we reversibly silenced LMAN in singing zebra finches by bilateral reverse microdialysis of the GABAA receptor agonist muscimol. We found that LMAN inactivation acutely reduced undirected song variability, both across and even within syllable renditions, to the level of directed song variability in all birds examined. Song variability returned to pre-muscimol inactivation levels after drug washout. However, unlike LMAN lesions, LMAN inactivation did not eliminate social context effects on song tempo in adult birds. These results indicate that the activity of LMAN neurons acutely and actively generates social context-dependent increases in adult song variability but that social regulation of tempo is more complex.

Righting a wrong: Dissociable effects of dorsomedial frontal and basal ganglia damage on error inhibition and correction

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eldad Yitzhak Hochman ◽  
Seqian Wang ◽  
Theodor E. Milner ◽  
Lesley K. Fellows
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia

Separable cortico-basal ganglia networks support self-imposed transient response inhibition

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Franz ◽  
O Granert ◽  
M Rijntjes ◽  
HR Siebner ◽  
C Weiller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Transient Response ◽  
Response Inhibition

Decreased Dopamine D2/D3-Receptor Binding in the Temporal Lobe and the Bilateral Basal Ganglia in patients with Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
VE Bernedo Paredes ◽  
H Schwartz ◽  
M Gartenschläger ◽  
M Gartenschläger ◽  
HG Buchholz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Receptor Binding ◽  
D3 Receptor ◽  
Dopamine D2

Biotin-responsive basal ganglia disease: a treatable differential diagnosis of Leigh syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
F Distelmaier ◽  
P Huppke ◽  
J Schaper ◽  
E Morava ◽  
E Mayatepek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Leigh Syndrome ◽  
Basal Ganglia Disease
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