scholarly journals Light exercise heart rate on-kinetics: a comparison of data fitted with sigmoidal and exponential functions and the impact of fitness and exercise intensity

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. e13312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl M. Trounson ◽  
Spencer Roberts ◽  
Aaron Balloch ◽  
Stuart A. Warmington
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Exponential Functions ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Repeated Sprint Ability in Elite Basketball Players: The Effects of 10 × 30 m Vs. 20 × 15 m Exercise Protocols on Physiological Variables and Sprint Performance

2021 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-189
Author(s):  
Bruno Figueira ◽  
Bruno Gonçalves ◽  
Eduardo Abade ◽  
Rūtenis Paulauskas ◽  
Nerijus Masiulis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Small Magnitude ◽  
Physiological Variables ◽  
Repeated Sprint Ability ◽  
Repeated Sprint ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sprint Ability

Abstract Team sports players are required to perform repeated bouts of short-term high-intensity actions during the games. The present study aimed to examine the effects of a novel repeated sprint ability protocol (20×15 m) and compare it with the impact of a more traditional repeated sprint ability protocol (10×30 m). Twelve male elite Lithuanian basketball players (age 21.0 ± 2.0 y, body height 1.90 ± 0,07 m, body mass 86.2 ± 5.8 kg and training experience 12.0 ± 1.9 y) competing in the Lithuanian National Basketball Championship participated in this study. Participants completed three bouts of each repeated sprint protocol interspersed with 5 minutes of recovery. Results showed that the 20×15 m protocol caused a significant decrease in total sprint time (most likely; mean changes (%) with ± 90% of confidence limits, -9.4%; ± 0.7%) and a large decrease in blood lactate (most likely, -39.2%; ±12.8%) compared to the 10×30 m protocol. Despite small differences, the fatigue index presented a similar trend (possibly decrease, -23.7%; ± 38.8%). The exercise heart rate showed a very similar trend with trivial differences between the two protocols. The 20×15 m protocol presented a lower heart rate during recovery with small magnitude. Overall, the present study showed that the 20×15 m protocol seemed to be more representative of the specific basketball demands. Coaches should be aware that RSA training during the in-season may be an adequate stimulus to improve high-intensity runs and muscle power in high-level players.

Submaximal exercise intensity modulates acute post-exercise heart rate variability

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 697-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Michael ◽  
Ollie Jay ◽  
Mark Halaki ◽  
Kenneth Graham ◽  
Glen M. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Submaximal Exercise ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Post Exercise

Obesity Modifies the Effect of Fitness on Heart Rate Indices during Exercise Stress Testing in Asymptomatic Individuals

Cardiology ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
Ehimen C. Aneni ◽  
Ebenezer T. Oni ◽  
Chukwuemeka U. Osondu ◽  
Seth S. Martin ◽  
Michael J. Blaha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Exercise Stress ◽  
Peak Exercise ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Metabolic Equivalents ◽  
The Impact

Objective: To assess the impact of aerobic fitness on exercise heart rate (HR) indices in an asymptomatic cohort across different body mass index (BMI) categories. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis of 506 working-class Brazilian subjects, free of known clinical cardiovascular disease (e.g. ischemic heart disease and stroke) who underwent an exercise stress test. Results: There was a significant trend towards decreased HR at peak exercise, HR recovery and chronotropic index (CI) measures as BMI increased, but resting HR increased significantly across BMI categories. In multivariate analysis, the change in CI per unit change in metabolic equivalents of task was greater among the obese subjects than the normal-weight (2.7 vs. -0.07; p interaction = 0.029) and overweight (2.7 vs. 0.7; p interaction = 0.044) subjects. A similar pattern was seen with peak HR and HR recovery, although the formal tests of interaction did not achieve statistical significance. Conclusion: Our findings strongly suggest that fitness is associated with a favorable HR profile and is modified by BMI. Intervention programs should place emphasis on fitness and not only on weight loss.

scholarly journals The Impact of Cell Phone Functions on the Intensity and Liking of Bike Exercise

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Michael J. Rebold ◽  
◽  
Mallory S. Kobak ◽  
Kaitlyn Morse ◽  
Lauren Caldwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Cell Phone ◽  
Perceived Exertion ◽  
Ratings Of Perceived Exertion ◽  
Cell Phone Use ◽  
College Age ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

This study assessed the effect of cell phone use (e.g., texting, talking, and listening to music) during 30-minute bouts of bike exercise and its affects on intensity (e.g., heart rate and ratings of perceived exertion) and liking (e.g., enjoyment). Thirty college-age students participated in four, separate, 30-minute exercise conditions (texting, talking, music, and control) on a bike in a randomized order. Heart rate was significantly (t  4.54, p  0.004) higher when comparing the music (147.58  4.19 beatsmin-1 ) to the texting (117.79  3.42 beatsmin-1 ) and talking (122.89  3.89 beatsmin-1 ) conditions. Ratings of perceived exertion was significantly (t = 2.1, p = 0.05) higher when comparing the texting (11.4  0.45) to the control (10.06  0.52) condition. Liking was significantly (t = 3.85, p = 0.01) higher when comparing the talking (7.64  0.63) to the control (6.2  0.71) condition. Liking was also significantly (t = 3.09, p = 0.01) higher when comparing the music (8.27  0.38) to the control condition. In conclusion, using your cell phone for texting and talking instead of listening to music can interfere with bike exercise, resulting in reduced exercise intensity and enjoyment, and perceiving exercise to be more difficult than what it really is.

scholarly journals The Impact of Functional Overreaching on Post-exercise Parasympathetic Reactivation in Runners

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clint R. Bellenger ◽  
Rebecca L. Thomson ◽  
Kade Davison ◽  
Eileen Y. Robertson ◽  
Jonathan D. Buckley
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Root Mean Square ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Parasympathetic Reactivation ◽  
Mean Square Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Heavy Training

While post-exercise heart rate (HR) variability (HRV) has been shown to increase in response to training leading to improvements in performance, the effect of training leading to decrements in performance (i.e., overreaching) on this parameter has been largely ignored. This study evaluated the effect of heavy training leading to performance decrements on sub-maximal post-exercise HRV. Running performance [5 km treadmill time-trial (5TTT)], post-exercise HRV [root-mean-square difference of successive normal R-R intervals (RMSSD)] and measures of subjective training tolerance (Daily Analysis of Life Demands for Athletes “worse than normal” scores) were assessed in 11 male runners following 1 week of light training (LT), 2 weeks of heavy training (HT) and a 10 day taper (T). Post-exercise RMSSD was assessed following 5 min of running exercise at an individualised speed eliciting 85% of peak HR. Time to complete 5TTT likely increased following HT (ES = 0.14 ± 0.03; p < 0.001), and then almost certainly decreased following T (ES = −0.30 ± 0.07; p < 0.001). Subjective training tolerance worsened after HT (ES = −2.54 ± 0.62; p = 0.001) and improved after T (ES = 2.16 ± 0.64; p = 0.004). In comparison to LT, post-exercise RMSSD likely increased at HT (ES = 0.65 ± 0.55; p = 0.06), and likely decreased at T (ES = −0.69 ± 0.45; p = 0.02). A moderate within-subject correlation was found between 5TTT and post-exercise RMSSD (r = 0.47 ± 0.36; p = 0.03). Increased post-exercise RMSSD following HT demonstrated heightened post-exercise parasympathetic modulation in functionally overreached athletes. Heightened post-exercise RMSSD in this context appears paradoxical given this parameter also increases in response to improvements in performance. Thus, additional measures such as subjective training tolerance are required to interpret changes in post-exercise RMSSD.

scholarly journals Exercise Intensity during Olympic-Distance Triathlon in Well-Trained Age-Group Athletes: An Observational Study

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Atsushi Aoyagi ◽  
Keisuke Ishikura ◽  
Yoshiharu Nabekura
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Slow Group ◽  
H 41 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽  
Very High

The aim of this study was to examine the exercise intensity during the swimming, cycling, and running legs of nondraft legal, Olympic-distance triathlons in well-trained, age-group triathletes. Seventeen male triathletes completed incremental swimming, cycling, and running tests to exhaustion. Heart rate (HR) and workload corresponding to aerobic and anaerobic thresholds, maximal workloads, and maximal HR (HRmax) in each exercise mode were analyzed. HR and workload were monitored throughout the race. The intensity distributions in three HR zones for each discipline and five workload zones in cycling and running were quantified. The subjects were then assigned to a fast or slow group based on the total race time (range, 2 h 07 min–2 h 41 min). The mean percentages of HRmax in the swimming, cycling, and running legs were 89.8% ± 3.7%, 91.1% ± 4.4%, and 90.7% ± 5.1%, respectively, for all participants. The mean percentage of HRmax and intensity distributions during the swimming and cycling legs were similar between groups. In the running leg, the faster group spent relatively more time above HR at anaerobic threshold (AnT) and between workload at AnT and maximal workload. In conclusion, well-trained male triathletes performed at very high intensity throughout a nondraft legal, Olympic-distance triathlon race, and sustaining higher intensity during running might play a role in the success of these athletes.

scholarly journals Exercise Intensity and Technical Involvement in U9 Team Handball: Effect of Game Format

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5663
Author(s):  
Georgios Ermidis ◽  
Rasmus C. Ellegard ◽  
Vincenzo Rago ◽  
Morten B. Randers ◽  
Peter Krustrup ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
Team Handball ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Game Format

The purpose of this study was to quantify the exercise intensity and technical involvement of U9 boys’ and girls’ team handball during different game formats, and the differences between genders. Locomotor activity (total distance, distance in speed zones, accelerations, and decelerations), heart rate (HR), and technical involvement (shots, goals, and duels) metrics were collected during various 15 min game formats from a total of 57 Danish U9 players (37 boys and 20 girls). Game formats were a small size pitch (20 × 13 m) with 3 vs 3 players and offensive goalkeepers (S3 + 1) and 4 vs 4 players (S4), a medium size pitch (25.8 × 20 m) with 4 vs 4 (M4) and 5 vs 5 (M5) players, and a large size pitch (40 × 20 m) with 5 vs 5 (L5) players. Boys and girls covered a higher total distance (TD) of high-speed running (HSR) and sprinting during L5 games compared to all other game formats (p < 0.05; ES = (−0.9 to −2.1), (−1.4 to −2.8), and (−0.9 to −1.3) respectively). Players covered the highest amount of sprinting distance in L5 games compared to all other game formats (p < 0.01; ES = 0.8 to 1.4). In all the game formats, players spent from 3.04 to 5.96 min in 180–200 bpm and 0.03 min to 0.85 min in >200 bpm of the total 15 min. In addition, both genders had more shots in S3 + 1 than M5 (p < 0.01; ES = 1.0 (0.4;1.7)) and L5 (p < 0.01; ES = 1.1 (0.6;2.2)). Team handball matches have high heart rates, total distances covered, and high-intensity running distances for U9 boys and girls irrespective of the game format. Locomotor demands appeared to be even higher when playing on larger pitches, whereas the smaller pitch size and fewer players led to elevated technical involvement.

Heart Rate and Neurological Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Targeted Temperature Management

2020 ◽  
pp. 088506662098250
Author(s):  
Chad M. Conner ◽  
William H. Perucki ◽  
Andre Gabriel ◽  
David M. O’Sullivan ◽  
Antonio B. Fernandez
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Targeted Temperature Management ◽  
Temperature Management ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Neurologic Outcomes ◽  
Resuscitation Guidelines ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: There is a paucity of data evaluating the impact of heart rate (HR) during Targeted Temperature Management (TTM) and neurologic outcomes. Current resuscitation guidelines do not specify a HR goal during TTM. We sought to determine the relationship between HR and neurologic outcomes in a single-center registry dataset. Methods: We retrospectively studied 432 consecutive patients who completed TTM (33°C) after cardiac arrest from 2008 to 2017. We evaluated the relationship between neurologic outcomes and HR during TTM. Pittsburgh Cerebral Performance Categories (CPC) at discharge were used to determine neurological recovery. Statistical analysis included chi square, Student’s t-test and Mann-Whitney U. A logistic regression model was created to evaluate the strength of contribution of selected variables on the outcome of interest. Results: Approximately 94,000 HR data points from 432 patients were retrospectively analyzed; the mean HR was 82.17 bpm over the duration of TTM. Favorable neurological outcomes were seen in 160 (37%) patients. The mean HR in the patients with a favorable outcome was lower than the mean HR of those with an unfavorable outcome (79.98 bpm vs 85.67 bpm p < 0.001). Patients with an average HR of 60-91 bpm were 2.4 times more likely to have a favorable neurological outcome compared to than HR’s < 60 or > 91 (odds ratio [OR] = 2.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.61-3.46, p < 0.001). Specifically, mean HR’s in the 73-82 bpm range had the greatest rate of favorable outcomes (OR 3.56, 95% CI 1.95-6.50), p < 0.001. Administration of epinephrine, a history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension all were associated with worse neurological outcomes independent of HR. Conclusion: During TTM, mean HRs between 60-91 showed a positive association with favorable outcomes. It is unclear whether a specific HR should be targeted during TTM or if heart rates between 60-91 bpm might be a sign of less neurological damage.

scholarly journals Bayes Theorem and Protopathic Bias: Methodological Concerns When Addressing the Impact of Fetal Heart Rate Patterns on the Cesarean Section Rate

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. e342-e345
Author(s):  
Jacques Balayla ◽  
Ariane Lasry ◽  
Yaron Gil ◽  
Alexander Volodarsky-Perel
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Fetal Heart Rate ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Fetal Heart ◽  
Caesarean Section Rate ◽  
Bayes Theorem ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
The Impact

AbstractOver the last 30 years, the caesarean section rate has reached global epidemic proportions. This trend is driven by multiple factors, an important one of which is the use and inconsistent interpretation of the electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) system. Despite its introduction in the 1960s, the EFM has not definitively improved neonatal outcomes, yet it has since significantly contributed to a seven-fold increase in the caesarean section rate. As we attempt to reduce the caesarean rates in the developed world, we should consider focusing on areas that have garnered little attention in the literature, such as physician sensitization to the poor predictive power of the EFM and the research method biases that are involved in studying the abnormal heart rate patterns—umbilical cord pH relationship. Herein, we apply Bayes theorem to different clinical scenarios to illustrate the poor predictive power of the EFM, as well as shed light on the principle of protopathic bias, which affects the classification of research outcomes among studies addressing the effects of the EFM on caesarean rates. We propose and discuss potential solutions to the aforementioned considerations, which include the re-examination of guidelines with which we interpret fetal heart rate patterns and the development of noninvasive technologies that evaluate fetal pH in real time.

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