scholarly journals Acute vascular effects of carbonated warm water lower leg immersion in healthy young adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (23) ◽  
pp. e13046 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shigehiko Ogoh ◽  
Ryohei Nagaoka ◽  
Takamasa Mizuno ◽  
Shohei Kimura ◽  
Yasuhiro Shidahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Vascular Effects

Abstract MP92: Changes in Ectopic Fat are Associated with Changes in Adipokines in Healthy, Overweight/Obese Young Adults

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R Radomski ◽  
Lina Bai ◽  
Emma Barinas-Mitchell ◽  
Molly B Conroy
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Left Thigh ◽  
Ectopic Fat ◽  
Behavioral Weight Loss ◽  
Vascular Effects ◽  
Obese Adults ◽  
Behavioral Weight Loss Intervention ◽  
Baseline Values

Background: Excess ectopic fat has been associated with increased cardiometabolic risk, which may partially stem from changes in adipokines such as leptin and adiponectin. Prior studies have demonstrated that increased leptin and decreased adiponectin are associated with an increase in body mass index (BMI), but few have examined changes in adipokines related to changes in ectopic fat. We hypothesized that in healthy overweight and obese young adults, a decrease in ectopic fat will be associated with decreased levels of leptin and increased levels of adiponectin. Methods: We analyzed 244 subjects participating in the Slow Adverse Vascular Effects (SAVE) study, a randomized trial of a behavioral weight loss intervention in 349 overweight and obese (BMI 25-40 kg/m2) men and women ages 20-45 years. Subjects underwent a CT scan of their abdomen and left thigh to quantify their amount of visceral (VAT) and intramuscular (IMAT) adipose tissue at baseline and 12 months. Serum concentrations of leptin and adiponectin were also measured at baseline and 12 months. We generated variables for the change in VAT, IMAT, adiponectin and leptin by subtracting 12-month from baseline values. To evaluate the association between changes in serum adipokine (dependent variable) levels with changes in VAT and left thigh IMAT (independent variables), we performed a series of multiple linear regression analyses controlling for: 1) age, sex, race and 2) previous variables + change in BMI tertile. Results: The mean age at baseline was 38 ± 6 years; 181 (74.5%) subjects were female; and 198 (81.5%) were white. Mean VAT at baseline was 115.27 ± 53.58 cm2 with a mean decrease of 17.54 ± 36.71 cm2 at 12 months. Mean left thigh IMAT was 12.76 ± 4.87 cm2 at baseline with a mean decrease of 5.05 ± 3.20 cm2 at 12 months. Serum adiponectin was 11.90 ± 6.15 μg/mL at baseline, with a mean increase of 0.14 ± 3.79 μg/mL at 12 months. Serum leptin was 25.11 ± 13.38 μg/mL at baseline, with a mean decrease of 4.26 ± 10.71μg/mL at 12 months. After adjusting for age, sex, and race, a decrease in VAT was significantly associated with an increase in adiponectin (P=0.010) and decrease in leptin (P<0.001); a decrease in IMAT was significantly associated with an increase in adiponectin (P=0.003), but was not significantly associated with a decrease in leptin (P=0.297). Except for the association between a decrease in IMAT and decrease in leptin (P=0.048), these relationships were no longer significant after adjusting for change in BMI tertile. Conclusion: A decrease in ectopic fat was associated with an increase in adiponectin and a decrease in leptin in young overweight/obese adults after adjusting for age, sex, and race. This underscores the metabolic activity of ectopic fat and supports the role of adiponectin and leptin as mediators of cardiometabolic risk.

The relationship between short-term changes in weight and lower leg length in children and young adults

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.F. Ahmed ◽  
B.W. Wardhaugh ◽  
J. Duff ◽  
W.H.B. Wallace ◽  
C.J.H. Kelnar
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Leg Length ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Lower Leg Soft Tissue Injuries in High School Athletes

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 247301142110578
Author(s):  
Michael J. Spitnale ◽  
Candler G. Mathews ◽  
Allen J. Barnes ◽  
Zachary T. Thier ◽  
J. Benjamin Jackson
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Injury Rate ◽  
The United States ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Leg Injuries ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Cross Country

Background Annually there are an estimated 4.5 million sports- and recreation-related injuries among children and young adults in the United States. The most common sports-related injuries are to the lower extremities, with two-thirds occurring among children and young adults (age range 5-24 years). The objective is to describe the epidemiology of lower leg injuries across 27 high school (HS) sports over a 3-year period. Methods The Datalys Center for Sports Injury Research and Prevention provided lower leg injury data for 27 sports in 147 high schools for 2011-2012 through 2013-2014 academic years from National Athletic Treatment, Injury and Outcomes Network (NATION) HS Surveillance Program. Results The overall rate of lower leg injuries over this 3-year period was 1.70 per 10 000 acute events (AEs) (95% CI, 1.59-1.82). In men, the highest number of lower leg injuries was in football (n=181), but indoor track had the highest rate of injury at 2.80 per 10 000 AEs (95% CI, 2.14-3.58). In women, the highest number of lower leg injuries and the highest rate of injury were in cross-country (n=76) at 3.85 per 10 000 AEs (95% CI, 3.03-4.81). The practice injury rate was 0.91 times the competition injury rate (95% CI, 0.78-1.07). Conclusion An improved understanding of the most common sports in which lower leg injuries are seen may help direct appropriate resource utilization. Our data would suggest efforts toward prevention of these overuse injuries, especially in football, track, and cross-country may have the greatest impact on the health of student athletes. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.

scholarly journals Age and load compliance alter time to task failure for a submaximal fatiguing contraction with the lower leg

2010 ◽  
Vol 108 (6) ◽  
pp. 1510-1519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin E. Griffith ◽  
Tejin Yoon ◽  
Sandra K. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Force Control ◽  
Position Control ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Emg Activity ◽  
Time To Failure ◽  
Control Task ◽  
Task Failure ◽  
Old Adults ◽  
Rate Of Increase

The purpose of this study was to compare the time to failure and muscle activation of young and old adults for a sustained isometric submaximal contraction with the dorsiflexor muscles when the foot was restrained to a force transducer (force-control task) compared with supporting an equivalent inertial load unrestrained in the sagittal plane (position-control task). Seventeen young (23.6 ± 6.5 yr) and 12 old (70.0 ± 5.0 yr) adults performed the force-control and position-control tasks at 30% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) until task failure on separate days. Despite the similar load torque for each task, time to failure was longer for the force-control than position-control task (10.4 ± 4.5 vs. 8.6 ± 3.4 min, P = 0.03) for the young and old adults. The old adults, however, had a longer time to task failure than the young adults for both tasks (11.4 ± 4.4 vs. 8.1 ± 2.1 min, P = 0.01), with no interaction of age and task ( P = 0.83). The rate of increase in agonist and antagonist root-mean-square EMG, agonist EMG bursting activity, mean arterial pressure, and heart rate during the fatiguing contraction was greater for the position-control than force-control task for the young and old adults. The old adults had a less rapid rate of increase in EMG activity, fluctuations in motor output, and cardiovascular measures than the young adults for both tasks. Development of fatigue can be manipulated in young and old adults by providing greater support to the foot and less ankle compliance during daily and ergonomic tasks that require prolonged activation of the lower leg. Minimizing load compliance to one degree of freedom during a position-control task maintained the greater fatigue resistance with age for an isometric contraction.

scholarly journals Disrupting prolonged sitting reduces IL-8 and lower leg swell in active young adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpa Dogra ◽  
Mitchell Wolf ◽  
Michael P. Jeffrey ◽  
Ryan C. A. Foley ◽  
Heather Logan-Sprenger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Improve Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Warm Up ◽  
Prolonged Sitting ◽  
Reduce Blood Glucose ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Evidence suggests that disrupting prolonged bouts of sitting with short bouts of physical activity can significantly reduce blood glucose and improve insulin sensitivity; however, limited research is available on the impact of such disruptions on inflammation and swelling. The purpose of this study was to determine whether short bouts of exercise performed each hour during a 4 h sitting session were able to negate the effects of prolonged sitting (PS) on several cardiometabolic outcomes. Methods Eligible participants (n = 10) attended two laboratory sessions: PS (uninterrupted sitting for 4 h) and disrupted sitting (DS; 4 h sitting session disrupted by 3 min of exercise each hour (60-s warm-up at 50 W, 5 s of unloaded cycling, 20-s sprint at 5% body weight, and 95-s cool-down at 50 W)). The exercise bouts were performed at minute 60, 120, and 180. Blood and saliva samples, and measures of heart rate and blood pressure were assessed before (T1) and after (T2) each session; leg swell was measured continuously. Results Concentrations of salivary IL-8 increased during PS (T1: 0.19 ± 0.32; T2: 0.50 ± 1.00 pg/μg of protein) but decreased during DS (T1: 0.41 ± 0.23; T2: 0.22 ± 0.11 pg/μg of protein, d: 0.51, p = 0.002). Leg swell increased and plateaued in PS, but was attenuated during DS. Conclusion It appears that short bouts of exercise significantly reduce swelling in the lower leg and IL-8 levels in the saliva, indicating that even among healthy, active, young adults, disrupting prolonged sitting can significantly reduce swelling and systemic inflammation.

scholarly journals A Comparison of pQCT Versus B-Ultrasound for Lower Leg Muscle Size Assessment in Young Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (5S) ◽  
pp. 423-424
Author(s):  
Samuel R. Buchanan ◽  
Robert E. Hight ◽  
Breanne S. Baker ◽  
Christopher D. Black ◽  
Michael G. Bemben ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Muscle Size ◽  
Leg Muscle

Racial differences in minimum lower leg vascular resistance in normotensive young adults with positive and negative parental histories of hypertension

1996 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 423???426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vernon Bond ◽  
Gerald D. Thompson ◽  
B. Don Franks ◽  
Russell J. Tearney ◽  
R. George Adams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Lower Leg
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document