scholarly journals Carotid artery longitudinal wall motion is associated with local blood velocity and left ventricular rotational, but not longitudinal, mechanics

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (14) ◽  
pp. e12872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason S. Au ◽  
David S. Ditor ◽  
Maureen J. MacDonald ◽  
Eric J. Stöhr
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Blood Velocity ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Longitudinal Wall

Case Studies in Physiology: Using premature ventricular contractions to understand the regulation of carotid artery longitudinal wall motion

2021 ◽  
Vol 131 (3) ◽  
pp. 1157-1161
Author(s):  
Kailey A. Stevens ◽  
Jason S. Au
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Large Deviations ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Blood Velocity ◽  
Longitudinal Motion ◽  
Healthy Male ◽  
Artery Wall ◽  
Premature Ventricular Contractions ◽  
Longitudinal Wall ◽  
The Common

Benign arrhythmias can be a useful tool to probe new hypotheses in physiology. We tested the control of longitudinal motion of the common carotid artery wall using observations from spontaneous premature ventricular contractions in a healthy male. Forwards wall motion remained unchanged despite large deviations in local blood velocity and backwards wall motion mirrored changes in pulse pressure, blood velocity, and cardiac motion, thereby revising our original hypothesis of the control of longitudinal wall motion.

scholarly journals Carotid artery longitudinal wall motion: regulatory factors and implications for arterial health

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason S. Au
Keyword(s):  
Shear Rate ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Arterial Wall ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Longitudinal Wall

The carotid artery wall moves longitudinally along the length of the vessel, although little is known about what causes this motion, or what health information it represents. The overarching purpose of this dissertation was to investigate the regulation of carotid artery longitudinal wall motion (CALM) in humans, as well as how CALM can be used to infer information about arterial health. Through observational and experimental designs, we tested evidence for a structural ventricular–vascular coupling effect, which postulates that systolic anterograde CALM is influenced by the forward blood shear rate while systolic retrograde CALM is influenced by left ventricular rotation, although the data suggest a moderate influence of left ventricular rotation, and minimal influence of shear rate. In cross-sectional analyses, we demonstrated that diastolic CALM variables are better related to age and health status compared with systolic CALM displacement and that this relationship was independent of traditional measures of arterial stiffness. These experimental and observational results directed the use of diastolic CALM as a potential indicator of arterial health in subsequent studies, owing to the relative independence from systolic events. While there was no effect of 12 weeks of exercise training in healthy men on diastolic CALM variables, we observed increased systolic retrograde CALM and diastolic CALM acceleration in men with a history of resistance exercise training compared with sedentary men, suggesting an effect of habitual exercise training. Our novel findings suggest that CALM is regulated by a complex system, in part related to both arterial wall structure and ventricular–vascular coupling, and may have clinical value in complimenting measures of traditional arterial stiffness in humans. Future studies should examine whether local changes to arterial wall structure or indirect changes in regulatory control dictate differences in CALM with aging and with chronic exercise training, before integrating CALM into routine measurement of arterial health.

A Hypothesized Mechanistic Model of Longitudinal Wall Motion at the Common Carotid Artery

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhili Hao ◽  
Leryn Reynolds ◽  
John M. Herre
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Elastic Wave ◽  
Common Carotid Artery ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
External Source ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Longitudinal Elastic Wave ◽  
Longitudinal Wall ◽  
The Common

Abstract In light of recently recognized independent clinical values of longitudinal wall motion ux(t) at the common carotid artery (CCA) and the struggle on appropriate arterial indices for interpreting ux(t), this paper hypothesizes a mechanistic model of ux(t) and explores clear implications of the antegrade amplitude ux0-ante and retrograde amplitude ux0-retro of ux(t) in systole to the cardiovascular (CV) system. By examining findings on ux(t) and other relevant findings through the lens of the engineering essence of ux(t), a mechanistic model of ux(t) is hypothesized: the left ventricle (LV) base rotation is the excitation source for initiating the longitudinal elastic wave propagating along the arterial tree; wall shear stress at an artery serves as a local external source for supplying energy to the longitudinal elastic wave; and longitudinal elasticity at the arterial wall dictates the wave propagation velocity. Integrating the mechanistic model with findings on ux(t) gives rise to interpretation of ux0-ante and ux0-retro for their clear implications: longitudinal elasticity Exx at the common carotid artery (CCA) is estimated from ux0-ante, and ux0-retro is an inverse indicator of the maximum base rotation of the LV and a positive indicator of longitudinal elasticity at the ascending aorta (AA). For the first time, this model reveals the mechanisms underlying those statistical-based findings on ux(t).

Carotid artery longitudinal wall motion alterations associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Helena Taivainen ◽  
Tiina M. Laitinen ◽  
Heikki Yli‐Ollila ◽  
Markus Juonala ◽  
Mika Kähönen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Longitudinal Wall

Carotid Artery Longitudinal Wall Motion Is Unaffected by 12 Weeks of Endurance, Sprint Interval or Resistance Exercise Training

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 992-1000
Author(s):  
Jason S. Au ◽  
Ninette Shenouda ◽  
Sara Y. Oikawa ◽  
Jenna B. Gillen ◽  
Robert W. Morton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Resistance Exercise Training ◽  
Longitudinal Wall

scholarly journals Cardiac and haemodynamic influence on carotid artery longitudinal wall motion

2017 ◽  
Vol 103 (1) ◽  
pp. 141-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason S. Au ◽  
Paula A. Bochnak ◽  
Sydney E. Valentino ◽  
Jem L. Cheng ◽  
Eric J. Stöhr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Wall Motion ◽  
Longitudinal Wall
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