scholarly journals Movement Disorders Following Cerebrovascular Lesion in the Basal Ganglia Circuit

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinse Park
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Cerebrovascular Lesion

Basal ganglia local field potentials: applications in the development of new deep brain stimulation devices for movement disorders

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 605-614 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Marceglia ◽  
Lorenzo Rossi ◽  
Guglielmo Foffani ◽  
AnnaMaria Bianchi ◽  
Sergio Cerutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Local Field Potentials ◽  
Field Potentials ◽  
Deep Brain

scholarly journals Revisiting the “Paradox of Stereotaxic Surgery”: Insights Into Basal Ganglia-Thalamic Interactions

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Magnusson ◽  
Daniel K. Leventhal
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Motor Output ◽  
Clinical Effects ◽  
Stereotaxic Surgery ◽  
Standard Rate ◽  
Standard Models ◽  
Cortical Physiology ◽  
Motor Thalamus ◽  
Deep Brain

Basal ganglia dysfunction is implicated in movement disorders including Parkinson Disease, dystonia, and choreiform disorders. Contradicting standard “rate models” of basal ganglia-thalamic interactions, internal pallidotomy improves both hypo- and hyper-kinetic movement disorders. This “paradox of stereotaxic surgery” was recognized shortly after rate models were developed, and is underscored by the outcomes of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for movement disorders. Despite strong evidence that DBS activates local axons, the clinical effects of lesions and DBS are nearly identical. These observations argue against standard models in which GABAergic basal ganglia output gates thalamic activity, and raise the question of how lesions and stimulation can have similar effects. These paradoxes may be resolved by considering thalamocortical loops as primary drivers of motor output. Rather than suppressing or releasing cortex via motor thalamus, the basal ganglia may modulate the timing of thalamic perturbations to cortical activity. Motor cortex exhibits rotational dynamics during movement, allowing the same thalamocortical perturbation to affect motor output differently depending on its timing with respect to the rotational cycle. We review classic and recent studies of basal ganglia, thalamic, and cortical physiology to propose a revised model of basal ganglia-thalamocortical function with implications for basic physiology and neuromodulation.

Charles David Marsden. 15 April 1938 — 29 September 1998

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 203-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niall Quinn ◽  
John Rothwell ◽  
Peter Jenner
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Movement Disorder ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Normal Function ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Publication Record ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Movement Disorder Society

David Marsden was the most outstanding UK clinical neuroscientist of his generation, making key discoveries in the neurophysiology, neurochemistry and clinical aspects of diseases of the basal ganglia, and their normal function. His legacies are the establishment, with Stanley Fahn in the USA, of movement disorders as a subspecialty within neurology, of the international Movement Disorder Society, and of the journal Movement Disorders ; his ex-students and fellows around the globe; and his research and teaching output embodied in his extraordinarily prolific publication record of more than 1360 papers, books and chapters, culminating in the posthumous completion and publication in December 2011 of Marsden’s book of movement disorders , a project he had started in 1984. All of these were achieved through the combination of his intellect and drive, his communication skills, and his forceful and charismatic personality.

Basal Ganglia and Movement Disorders

2010 ◽  
pp. 168-203
Author(s):  
Philip A. Hanna ◽  
Joseph Jankovic
Keyword(s):  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Movement Disorders

549 EFFECTS OF BASAL GANGLIA SURGERY ON MOVEMENT DISORDERS AND QUALITY OF LIFE FOR CEREBRAL PALSY PATIENTS.

2004 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. S175.4-S175
Author(s):  
L. Tseng ◽  
A. DeSalles ◽  
D. Diaz ◽  
C. Cabatan-Awang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Movement Disorders

Disorders of movement

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cris S. Constantinescu ◽  
Fahd Baig
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Basal Ganglia ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Neural Pathways ◽  
Subcortical Structures ◽  
Clinical Presentations

The neural pathways that control movement involve several structures, from the cerebral cortex through to the muscle. This allows for the maintenance of tone, posture, and volitional movement. Disruption of subcortical structures which modulate these pathways (such as the basal ganglia) can cause a variety of clinical presentations collectively termed movement disorders. They can be simply divided into hypokinetic disorders (e.g. parkinsonism) and hyperkinetic disorders.

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