scholarly journals A review of the clinical approach and challenges to psychogenic non-epileptic seizures

2015 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Clinical Approach

scholarly journals Epileptic Seizures Versus Syncope: Pathophysiology and Clinical Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marios Charalambous ◽  
Sergio A. Gomes ◽  
Stella Papageorgiou ◽  
Massimo Orioles
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestation ◽  
Brain Function ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Event Duration ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Weak Evidence ◽  
Paroxysmal Event

<p>Generalised epileptic seizures and syncope are two syndromes with similar clinical manifestation and their differentiation can be quite challenging. The aim of this review is to use an evidence-based approach in differentiating these two syndromes through the comprehension of the pathophysiological mechanisms involved and their clinical signs. Both syndromes affect regions of the forebrain and consciousness level, although, different mechanisms are involved. Syncope is a paroxysmal event secondary to a short-term decrease in cerebral perfusion, oxygenation or essential nutrients delivery. Generalised epileptic seizure activity is defined as the clinical manifestation of transient paroxysmal disturbances in brain function secondary to an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters. Clinical criteria, including precipitating events, clinical signs preceding, during and following the episodes and event duration, can be used to differentiate the two syndromes. Although these criteria might be useful for the practitioner, definite conclusions should be precluded due to the lack of original research articles and weak evidence on this specific field.</p><p><strong>Application:</strong> The review might be a useful tool for the general practitioner and clinical scientist as it will aid towards the differentiation of two syndromes, i.e. generalised epileptic seizures and syncope, with similar clinical presentation.</p><br /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/oa-icon.jpg" alt="Open Access" /> <img src="https://www.veterinaryevidence.org/rcvskmod/icons/pr-icon.jpg" alt="Peer Reviewed" />

Impaired Consciousness in the Emergency Department

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 179-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Völk ◽  
Uwe Koedel ◽  
Hans-Walter Pfister ◽  
Roland Schwankhart ◽  
Mark op den Winkel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Transient Global Amnesia ◽  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Time Of Arrival ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Impaired Consciousness

Background: The approach to unconscious patients in the emergency department (ED) is difficult, often depends on local resources and interests, and workup strategies often lack standardization. One reason for this is that data on causes, management, and outcome of patients who present to the ED with sudden onset unconsciousness of unknown cause is limited. Objectives: This study was performed to analyze the causes of acute impaired consciousness in patients in an interdisciplinary ED. Methods: Here, we analyzed all patients who were admitted to the ED of a tertiary care hospital with the dominating symptom of “sudden onset unconsciousness” within 1 year (September 2014 until August 2015). Patients with a clear diagnosis at arrival that explained the altered state of consciousness or other dominating symptoms at the time of arrival were not included. Results: A total of 212 patients were analyzed. In 88% of the patients, a final diagnosis could be established in the ED. Most common causes for unconsciousness were cerebrovascular diseases (24%), infections (14%), epileptic seizures (12%), psychiatric diseases (8%), metabolic causes (7%), intoxications (7%), transient global amnesia (5%), and cardiovascular causes (4%). The diagnoses were predominantly established by physical examination in combination with computed tomography (23%) and by the results of laboratory testing (25%). In-hospital mortality was 11%, and 59% of all patients were discharged with a Glasgow Outcome Score of 2–4. Conclusions: This analysis demonstrates a large variety of etiologies in patients with unknown unconsciousness of acute onset who are admitted to an ED. As neurological diagnoses are among the most common etiologies, neurological qualification is required in the ED, and availability of diagnostics such as cerebral imaging is indispensable and recommended as an early step in a standardized clinical approach.

Pulmonary Edema and Simultaneous Cardiac Dysfunction After Epileptic Seizures

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (06) ◽  
pp. 896-897
Author(s):  
V. Pelliccia ◽  
C. Pizzanelli ◽  
S. Pini ◽  
P. Malacarne ◽  
U. Bonuccelli
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Edema ◽  
Cardiac Dysfunction ◽  
Epileptic Seizures

Complexity Measures of Brain Electrophysiological Activity

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Włodzimierz Klonowski ◽  
Pawel Stepien ◽  
Robert Stepien
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Deterministic Chaos ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Eeg Signal ◽  
Eeg Signals ◽  
Complexity Measures ◽  
Electrophysiological Activity ◽  
Signal Complexity ◽  
Physiological Sleep ◽  
The Brain

Over 20 years ago, Watt and Hameroff (1987 ) suggested that consciousness may be described as a manifestation of deterministic chaos in the brain/mind. To analyze EEG-signal complexity, we used Higuchi’s fractal dimension in time domain and symbolic analysis methods. Our results of analysis of EEG-signals under anesthesia, during physiological sleep, and during epileptic seizures lead to a conclusion similar to that of Watt and Hameroff: Brain activity, measured by complexity of the EEG-signal, diminishes (becomes less chaotic) when consciousness is being “switched off”. So, consciousness may be described as a manifestation of deterministic chaos in the brain/mind.

Stepfamily therapy: A 10-step clinical approach.

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Browning ◽  
Elise Artelt
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Approach

Hysteresis in Coupled Chaotic Oscillators and Application to Epileptic Seizures

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Prasad ◽  
K. Narayanan ◽  
K. Tsakalis ◽  
L. Iasemidis
Keyword(s):  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Chaotic Oscillators
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