scholarly journals The platform governance triangle: conceptualising the informal regulation of online content

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Gorwa
Keyword(s):  
Online Content ◽  
Platform Governance ◽  
Informal Regulation

scholarly journals The platform governance triangle: conceptualising the informal regulation of online content

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Gorwa
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
User Generated Content ◽  
Online Content ◽  
Informal Governance ◽  
Platform Governance ◽  
Violent Extremism ◽  
Informal Regulation ◽  
Governance Arrangements ◽  
Oversight Body

From the new Facebook ‘Oversight Body’ for content moderation to the ‘Christchurch Call to eliminate terrorism and violent extremism online,’ a growing number of voluntary and non-binding informal governance initiatives have recently been proposed as attractive ways to rein in Facebook, Google, and other platform companies hosting user-generated content. Drawing on the literature on transnational corporate governance, this article reviews a number of informal arrangements governing online content on platforms in Europe, mapping them onto Abbott and Snidal’s (2009) ‘governance triangle’ model. I discuss three key dynamics shaping the success of informal governance arrangements: actor competencies, ‘legitimation politics,’ and inter-actor relationships of power and coercion.

scholarly journals The existential stakes of platform governance and online content regulation: a critical conceptual model

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Charilaos Papaevangelou
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
Governance Mechanism ◽  
Internet Governance ◽  
Online Content ◽  
Competing Interests ◽  
Platform Governance ◽  
Governance Model ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Content Regulation

This study introduces a comprehensive yet non-exhaustive overview of literature concerning the concepts of regulation and governance, and attempts to connect them to scholarly works that deal with social media platforms’ content regulation. The paper provides fundamental definitions of regulation and governance, along with a critique of polycentricity, in order to contextualise the discussion around platform governance and online content regulation. Regulation is framed here as a governance mechanism within a polycentric governance model where stakeholders have competing interests, even if sometimes they coincide. Moreover, where traditional governance literature conceptualised stakeholders as a triangle, this article proposes imagining them as overlapping circles of governance clusters with competing interests, going beyond the triad of public, private and non-governmental actors. Finally, the paper contends that that there exists a timely need to reimagine the way in which we understand and study phenomena appertaining to public discourse by adopting the platform governance perspective, which is framed as the advancement of internet governance. Finally, the article ascertains to study the governance of online content and social media platforms not as a sub-section of internet governance but as a conceptual evolution with existential stakes.

scholarly journals The existential stakes of platform governance: a critical literature review

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Charilaos Papaevangelou
Keyword(s):  
News Media ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Online Content ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Platform Governance ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Existential Risk ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
Content Regulation ◽  
The Way

This study introduces a comprehensive overview of literature concerning the concepts of regulation and governance, and attempts to connect them to scholarly works that deal with the governance of and by social media platforms. The paper provides fundamental definitions of regulation and governance, along with a critique of polycentricity or multi-stakeholderism, in order to contextualise the discussion around platform governance and, subsequently, online content regulation. Moreover, where traditional governance literature conceptualised stakeholders as a triangle, this article proposes going beyond the triad of public, private and non-governmental actors, to account for previously invisible stakeholder clusters, like citizens and news media organisations. This paper also contends that, while platform governance is an important field of study and practice, the way it has been structured and investigated so far, is posing an existential risk to the broader internet governance structure, primarily, because of the danger of conflating the internet with platforms. As a result, there exists a timely need to reimagine the way in which we understand and study phenomena related to platform governance by adjusting our conceptual and analytical heuristics. So, this article wishes to expand the theorisation of this field in order to better engage with complicated platform governance issues, like the development of regulatory frameworks concerning online content regulation.

Searching Online for Methods of Suicide

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Christian Ulrich Eriksen ◽  
Flemming Konradsen ◽  
Thilde Vildekilde
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
English Language ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
Online Content ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Search Terms ◽  
Methods Of Suicide

Abstract. Background: Information on methods of suicide is available online, and access to information on methods of suicide appears to contribute to a small but significant proportion of suicides. There is limited documentation of how methods of suicide are being profiled, as well as what content exists in other languages than English. Aim: We aimed to analyze and compare how methods of suicide are profiled on Danish and English-language websites. Method: We applied a categorization and content analysis of websites describing methods of suicide. Sites were retrieved by applying widely used Danish and English-language search terms. Results: A total of 136 English-language websites and 106 Danish-language websites were included for analysis. Websites were more often categorized as prevention or support sites, academic or policy sites, and against suicide sites than dedicated suicide sites (i.e., pro-suicide sites), or information sites. However, information on methods of suicide was available, and 20.1% and 8.9% of the English and Danish-language sites, respectively, suggested that a particular method of suicide was quick, easy, painless, or certain to result in death. Limitations: Only one author coded and analyzed all websites. A further operationalization of the content analysis checklist is warranted to increase reliability. Conclusion: The websites primarily had a prevention or anti-suicide focus, but information on methods of suicide was available, requiring an increased focus on how to diminish the negative effects of harmful online content.

Bystanders, Group Size and the Informal Regulation of Violence

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Levine ◽  
Rachel Best ◽  
Paul Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Informal Regulation

WHY WE SHARE IT – AN INVESTIGATION ABOUT REASONS FOR ACCOUNT SHARING OF ONLINE CONTENT PROVIDERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1558-1558
Author(s):  
Gerrit Cziehso ◽  
◽  
Monika Kukar-Kinney ◽  
Joel Mier ◽  
Dennis Tann
Keyword(s):  
Online Content

Antibiotic Resistance

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Litman
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Content Distribution ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Copyright Infringement ◽  
Online Content ◽  
30Th Anniversary ◽  
Secure Control ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
New Entrants ◽  
War Stories

In this essay, written for the 30th Anniversary of Cardozo’s Arts and Entertainment Law Journal, I revisit the ruinous litigation strategy copyright owners pursued after Napster to secure control of the market for personal uses of copyrighted works, which I wrote about ten years ago in War Stories, 20 Cardozo Arts & Ent. L.J. 337 (2002). The litigation campaign had effects that copyright owners now have reason to regret. Medical experts tell us that powerful antibiotics are highly effective in killing off both good and bad bacteria, but at a significant risk. Bugs that survive the treatment grow bigger, stronger, and resistant to antibiotics. They become much more dangerous because they are harder to kill. Copyright owners’ indiscriminate litigation against new entrants into the entertainment and information marketplace killed off a broad swath of potential competitors and partners. The ones who were left faced a less crowded field because old media had helpfully cleared it for them. The scorched-earth litigation strategy temporarily cleared the field, and made room both for tepid, content-industry-controlled efforts to distribute music, books, and video online, and for new entrants with the stamina and resources to survive copyright infringement suits. Apple, Amazon, and Google took advantage of that environment to grow into dominant distributors who are obligatory partners for any serious online content distribution plan, and who insist on calling the shots on price, format, and other matters that content owners believe should rightfully be under their own control.

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