scholarly journals Education and science as a soft power tool in Slovakia and V4 countries

2019 ◽  
pp. 131-148
Author(s):  
Peter Čajka
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
National Interests ◽  
High Level ◽  
Globalized World ◽  
The Relationship

Already in the Middle Ages, in times of the first universities, education was an important source of knowledge and social status. Nowadays, education, together with its quality and level of teaching, is used as a means of pursuing national interests abroad, as well as influencing local elites, and sometimes even a larger population. High level and good quality of education is one of factors contributing to the relationship between states. The role of education as regards international prestige and the position of individual states has risen in recent years chiefly due to major changes in the global economy and a corresponding shift of values, values which have become important for the modernization of societies. Thus, education has become increasingly important, especially due to the growing significance of knowledge in the globalized world. Education has become an increasingly important factor in international relations and it translates into the soft power of a state.

Keeping dispute resolution internal: Exploring the role of the industrial relations climate, organizational embeddedness and organizational turbulence

2020 ◽  
pp. 0143831X2095971
Author(s):  
Pengxin Xie ◽  
Lian Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Dispute Resolution ◽  
Industrial Relations ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Labour Dispute ◽  
Climate Influences ◽  
Organizational Embeddedness ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Drawing on job embeddedness theory, this study investigates how and when the industrial relations climate influences employees’ preference for particular labour dispute resolution procedures. Analyses of multisource and multilevel data from China show that organizational embeddedness mediates the relationship between the industrial relations climate and preference for internal dispute resolution (IDR) and this indirect effect is stronger in organizations with a high level of turbulence. These findings provide novel theoretical explanation of the linkage between the industrial relations climate and employees’ preference for IDR and highlight the interactions between the industrial relations climate and organizational turbulence. Practical implications are also offered to facilitate employees’ preferences for IDR by improving the quality of the industrial relations climate.

Importance and Role of Internal Communication in Organizations

2015 ◽  
Vol 806 ◽  
pp. 302-307
Author(s):  
Mirjana I. Stevanović ◽  
Aleksandra M. Gmitrović
Keyword(s):  
Business Communication ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Internal Communication ◽  
Quality Of Services ◽  
Market Liberalization ◽  
Communication In Organizations ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Market liberalization has accelerated and strengthened the pressure of competitors in an open struggle for the retention of existing and favor of new clients. It is necessary to understand the importance and necessity of good business communication, because if business communication in the organization is at a higher level, then the relationship between the organization and its clients is at a higher level as well. Employees in the organization are the ones who represent it, so if the internal communication in the organization is at a higher level, then the quality of services provided to clients is also at a higher level. Effective communication between organizations and customers enables an organization to achieve its goal, which is that it is positioned in the market as a modern organization that provides quality and services of high level.

scholarly journals Geopolitics of Religion: How Does Religion Influence International Relations and States’ Foreign Policies?

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-37
Author(s):  
Hichem Kadri ◽  
El Fatih Abdullahi Abdelsalam
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Religious Groups ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Regional Powers ◽  
Religious Conflicts ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
Proxy War ◽  
The Cost

Undoubtedly, religion is one of the main factors that increasingly contribute to the shaping of international relations. As it was in the European middle ages, religion and geopolitics have always had ties of one sort or another. Imperialism and nationalist doctrines have found purpose and justification in religious differences and, religious zealotry was functioned to be both cause and consequence of the concentration of state power and the rivalries among existing competitors. The involvement of numerous religious groups and movements in the political scene led the situation to be extremely complicated. The purpose of this article is to see to what extent religion as a soft power has a role in forming international politics. Also, to discuss the role the superpowers and regional powers play in dealing with the question of religious issues. With an argument that these issues including religious conflicts are led by international and regional powers which function these groups in a proxy war to be part of their rivalry overpower, and to achieve their national interests through their foreign policies at the cost of considerable environmental degradation and a massive death toll of people.

scholarly journals The Role of Negotiations in International Relations: دور المفاوضات في العلاقات الدولية

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamer Abdullah Eid Alsubaie
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Negotiation Process ◽  
War And Peace ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
State Relations ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Inter State

    What was the sporadic intercourse to facilitate contacts among various ancient political entities in different parts of the world became organized inter-state relations between nations and states, supported diplomacy as the art of settling disputes by negotiations. Negotiations have become the essential instrument at the core of contemporary international relations that are constantly changing in time and space. The negotiations brought the shift of major importance and had direct impact on international relations. The international organizations have been empowered to assist governments of its member states in progressive liberalization of trade in all areas. Negotiations have intensified the inter-state relations contacts collection of information about the ways other societies are organized and act. Negotiations have become primary tools in building international consensus on most important issues of security, war and peace. This research aimed to assess the role of negotiations in international relations. In order to achieve this aim, the researcher reviewed articles and research that dealt with examining the origin of the research variables, and also aimed to identify the relationship between these variables. In addition to that, the researcher conducted in depth interviews with 15 key officials in Saudi Arabia. The results of the study found that effective negotiations have a positive impact on the quality of international relations. Of the main recommendations of the study is that it is essential that the negotiator have the required sets of skills to ensure an effective negotiation process.    

The library as soft-power actor: A review

IFLA Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 034003522110541
Author(s):  
Emilia C Bell ◽  
Mary Anne Kennan
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
Library And Information Science ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
National Interests ◽  
Search Approach ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This narrative review pursues an understanding of the relationship of libraries to the concepts of soft power and public and cultural diplomacy. The cross-disciplinary nature of the study required that the search approach include literature from both the International Relations and Library and Information Science disciplines. The analysed literature reveals three key gaps. First, research explicitly addressing the topic of ‘libraries and soft power’ is scarce. Second, the little Library and Information Science literature that addresses libraries and soft power rarely considers contemporary discourse. Third, the literature often has an implicit liberal institutionalist perspective, overlooking negative or hegemonic aspects of soft power. Given that soft power is considered increasingly relevant for representing national interests, understanding libraries’ roles and impact in international relations is significant and warrants further research.

Retrospective assessment of parental attitudes and the quality of the relationship with siblings during childhood

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (20) ◽  
pp. 5-21
Author(s):  
Paulina Szymańska ◽  
Magdalena Poraj-Weder
Keyword(s):  
Parental Attitudes ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Childhood Memories ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Retrospective Assessment ◽  
Gender Factor ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: According to the systems theory, one of the main factors that can modify the siblings’ bond are parental interactions (Derkman et al., 2011). Researchers indicate two approaches in this area: congruential, confirming the similarity between the sibling’s and parents’ relationships, and the compensatory approach regarding the possibility of compensation in siblings’ relations for a negative relationship with the parents. Method: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the retrospective assessment of parental attitudes and the quality of sibling relations in childhood, including the evaluation of the moderating role of gender factor. Five hundred young adults participated in the study. The EMBU questionnaire – My Childhood Memories, STQ-Then – You and Your Siblings – Once, and a sociodemographic survey were used. Results: The study showed a positive relationship between the Emotional Warmth of the mother and father and the positive aspects of the relationship with siblings, i.e. Mutuality, Support, Care and Imitation, and a negative association with Criticism. High Overprotection and Rejection of parents were associated with a high level of Criticism in sibling relationships. Moreover, parents’ Rejection correlated negatively with Mutuality, Support, and Imitation, while mother’s Overprotection correlated negatively with Mutuality and Support. The gender of respondents was a moderator in two relationships: between Rejection of the father and Support in siblings, and the Emotional Warmth of the father and the level of Care between children. Conclusions: The obtained results are consistent with the congruent approach: parental attitudes based on closeness and support translated into a warm and mutual relationship between siblings, while negative attitudes were associated with a lower quality of relations between brothers and sisters. The child’s gender was particularly important in relation to the relationship between the quality of relations with siblings and the father’s interactions.

Management of Economics and State "Bottom"

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-91
Author(s):  
E. D. Solozhentsev
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Probabilistic Models ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Special Software ◽  
Human Quality ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The scientific problem of economics “Managing the quality of human life” is formulated on the basis of artificial intelligence, algebra of logic and logical-probabilistic calculus. Managing the quality of human life is represented by managing the processes of his treatment, training and decision making. Events in these processes and the corresponding logical variables relate to the behavior of a person, other persons and infrastructure. The processes of the quality of human life are modeled, analyzed and managed with the participation of the person himself. Scenarios and structural, logical and probabilistic models of managing the quality of human life are given. Special software for quality management is described. The relationship of human quality of life and the digital economy is examined. We consider the role of public opinion in the management of the “bottom” based on the synthesis of many studies on the management of the economics and the state. The bottom management is also feedback from the top management.

scholarly journals The Mediating Role of Engagement on the Achievement and Quality of Life of University Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6586
Author(s):  
Inmaculada García-Martínez ◽  
José María Augusto Landa ◽  
Samuel P. León
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
University Students ◽  
Mediational Role ◽  
The Relationship

(1) Background: Academic engagement has been reported in the literature as an important factor in the academic achievement of university students. Other factors such as emotional intelligence (EI) and resilience have also been related to students’ performance and quality of life. The present study has two clearly delimited and interrelated objectives. First, to study the mediational role that engagement plays in the relationship between EI and resilience on quality of life. Secondly, and similarly, to study the mediational role of engagement in the relationship between EI and resilience, but in this case on academic achievement. (2) Methods: For this purpose, four scales frequently used in the literature to measure emotional intelligence, resilience, academic engagement and quality of life were administered to 427 students of the University of Jaén undertaking education degrees. In addition, students were asked to indicate their current average mark as a measure of academic performance. Two mediational models based on structural equations were proposed to analyse the relationships between the proposed variables. (3) Results: The results obtained showed that emotional intelligence and resilience directly predicted students’ life satisfaction, but this direct relationship did not result in academic performance. In addition, and assuming a finding not found so far, engagement was shown to exert an indirect mediational role for both life satisfaction and academic performance of students. (4) Conclusions: The findings of the study support the importance of engagement in the design and development of instructional processes, as well as in the implementation of any initiative.

scholarly journals Quality of Care Provided by Family Caregivers of Older People With Dementia: Measurement and Interpretations

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 152-152
Author(s):  
Afeez Hazzan
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Older People ◽  
Family Caregivers ◽  
Family Caregiver ◽  
Primary Reason ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Family caregivers of older people living with dementia are relatives, friends, or neighbors who provide assistance related to this condition, but who are unpaid for the services they provide. Although caregiving could be personally rewarding, many caregivers report a high level of strain. Compared to caregivers of older adults who do not have dementia, family caregivers of older people living with dementia report lower quality-of-life (QoL). In a published systematic review examining the relationship between family caregiver QoL and the quality of care provided, only one study was found to be somewhat relevant. The study suggested that the primary reason for an absence of research into the link between family caregiver QoL and quality of care was the absence of a questionnaire for measuring quality of care in dementia. Therefore, any attempt to investigate the impact of caregiver QoL on the care provided to older people with dementia must first address the lack of an instrument to measure quality of care. To address this issue, we interviewed approximately 20 family caregivers in order to elicit feedback on measurements and interpretation of the quality of care provided by family caregivers of older people living with dementia. Content analysis of the interview transcripts revealed that the quality of relationships with family, caregiver availability to provide or supervise care, and availability of paid or volunteer help are important for the quality of care provided. These results have important implications, particularly for the development of an instrument to measure quality of care in dementia.

scholarly journals Introduction to the Special Issue: Soft Power of Civil Society in International Relations

2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 473-476
Author(s):  
TAKASHI INOGUCHI
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
The United States ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Policy Makers

This special issue focuses on the role of civil society in international relations. It highlights the dynamics and impacts of public opinion on international relations (Zaller, 1992). Until recently, it was usual to consider public opinion in terms of its influence on policy makers and in terms of moulding public opinion in the broad frame of the policy makers in one's country. Given that public opinion in the United States was assessed and judged so frequently and diffused so globally, it was natural to frame questions guided by those concepts which pertained to the global and domestic context of the United States.

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