scholarly journals Werbalizacja metafory kognitywnej MYŚLENIE TO PODRÓŻ na przykładzie polskiego tłumaczenia monografii J. D. Apresjana

2020 ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Węglowska
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Cognitive Metaphor

This paper is devoted to the analysis of the cognitive metaphor verbalization of THINKING IS A JOURNEY on the examples from Lexical semantics by J.D. Apresjan. Basing on the theory of cognitive metaphor by G. Lakoff and M. Johnson, the author of the article attempts to analyze and present the role of the abovementioned metaphor in scientific texts.

Imagery and Metaphorical Space of the Term in the Language of Scientific Texts by V. Vinogradov

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 (9) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
N. V. Khalikovа
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Scientific Thinking ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Basic Term ◽  
Pragmatic Information ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Relationship

The article considers the functions of the system of verbal imagery’s in the creation of the scientific style of V.V. Vinogradov. The figurativeness of basic, background and metaphorical terms is described. The semantic structure of the image of the basic term «style» is analyzed, figurative paradigms of the concepts Language, Speech and Style are revealed. The article shows the relationship between scientific thinking and metaphorical style, the role of sustainable cognitive metaphors in the creation, storage and transfer of pragmatic information and the creation of a cultural and historical context.

On the role of frame-based knowledge in lexical representation

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 667-668
Author(s):  
József Andor
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Lexical Representation ◽  
Conceptual Semantics ◽  
Types Of Knowledge ◽  
Conceptual Structures

In this commentary I discuss the role of types of knowledge and conceptual structures in lexical representation, revealing the explanatory potential of frame-based knowledge. Although frame-based lexical semantics is not alien to the theoretical model outlined in Jackendoff's conceptual semantics, testing its relevance to the analysis of the lexical evidence presented in his book has been left out of consideration.

scholarly journals Cohesive Ties in Scientific Texts: An Analytical Approach

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Sahar Altikriti ◽  
Batoul Obaidat
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Structural Unit ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Semantic Concept ◽  
Medical Texts ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
Political Narrative ◽  
Text Cohesion

The notion of “textuality” encouraged Halliday and Hasan in 1976 to present their model of discourse analysis through raising questions about whether “cohesion” is a semantic concept or a structural relation, whether a text is a structural unit or not or even if there are semantic or structural relationships within a text. Cohesion is like the glue that unifies the meaning within a text through binding the textual elements. Several studies applied the model of Halliday and Hasan on different texts such as legal, political, narrative, etc., but, very scarce attention has been given to scientific texts. The aim of this study is to examine and analyze some medical texts chosen randomly in terms of the Halliday and Hasan’s model by identifying both the lexical and the grammatical cohesive ties. The data analysis shows that the grammatical cohesive ties of reference and the lexical cohesive ties of reiteration carry the highest frequency among other cohesive ties. These results confirmed the significant role of cohesive ties in scientific texts.

scholarly journals Metaforyzacja dyskursu naukowego: pojęcia „transakcji”, „gry”, „teatru” i „głodu” w języku interakcjonistów

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-136
Author(s):  
Magdalena Borysławska
Keyword(s):  
Social Cognition ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Construction Of Knowledge ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Linguistic Approach

The article deals with a linguistic approach to the subject of interpersonal interactions and the use of metaphors as a rhetorical techniques in the scientific register. The aim of this text is to describe the role of conceptual metaphors in scientific texts dealing with the theory of interactionism. Within the analysis of the linguistic and stylistic layer of theoretical studies of interactionism, the author will identify analogies between the particular aspects of interactions and source domains, which affect the constitution of certain forms of social cognition and thus the construction of knowledge. The study follows the methodological approach of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA).

scholarly journals URGENSI PENGUASAAN BAHASA ARAB DALAM STUDI ISLAM DI INDONESIA

PERADA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-177
Author(s):  
SATRIO SATRIO
Keyword(s):  
Learning Process ◽  
Science Studies ◽  
Scientific Development ◽  
General Science ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
Islamic Studies ◽  
Language Of Science ◽  
Arabic Characters ◽  
Scientific Terms

Makalah ini hendak mengupas peranan penting bahasa Arab dalam studi Islam. Hal ini berangkat dari kenyataan bahwa bahasa Arab memiliki fungsi sebagai bahasa agama, bahasa komunikasi, bahasa peradaban dan bahasa ilmu pengetahuan. Pengaruh Islam dan bahasa Arab juga begitu terasa di Nusantara, khususnya tanah Melayu dengan hadirnya aksara arab melayu. Dalam penelitian ini ditemukan betapa pentingnya penguasaan bahasa Arab dalam studi Islam sebagai bagian dari pengembangan keilmuan. Kenyataannya saat ini, istilah bahasa Inggris lebih dominan dalam penggunaan istilah ilmiah dalam kajian studi Islam di Indonesia dibandingkan dengan bahasa Arab. Maka para pengajar dan pelajar studi Islam wajib menguasai istilah-istilah yang khusus dari bahasa Arab sebagai penguat sekaligus pembeda dari kajian-kajian ilmu umum. Adapun metode penguatan istilah-istilah ilmiah bahasa ini bisa menggunakan metode pembiasaan, yakni bentuk pengulangan yang dilakukan secara terprogram maupun spontan dalam penggunaan istilah-istilah ilmiah bahasa Arab. Di sini penulis menawarkan tiga metode pembiasaan, yakni metode pembiasaan dalam proses belajar, metode pebiasaan dalam penulisan naskah ilmiah dan atau buku ajar, serta metode pembiasaan dalam kegiatan-kegiatan ilmiah. Dengan pembiasaan, maka fungsi bahasa Arab sebagai bahasa ilmu pengetahuan akan mendapatkan posisi yang layak dalam studi Islam.   This paper aims to examine the important role of Arabic in Islamic studies. This departs from the fact that Arabic has a function as the language of religion, the language of communication, the language of civilization and the language of science. The influence of Islam and Arabic is also felt in the archipelago, especially Malay land with the presence of Malay Arabic characters. In this study it was found that the importance of mastering Arabic in Islamic studies as part of scientific development. In fact today, the term English is more dominant in the use of scientific terms in the study of Islamic studies in Indonesia compared to Arabic. So the instructors and students of Islamic studies must master the specific terms of Arabic as reinforcement as well as differentiators from general science studies. The method of strengthening scientific terms of this language can use habituation methods, namely the form of repetition carried out programmed and spontaneous in the use of scientific terms in Arabic. Here the author offers three methods of habituation, namely the method of habituation in the learning process, the habitual method of writing scientific texts and or textbooks, and methods of habituation in scientific activities. With habituation, the function of Arabic as a language of science will get a decent position in Islamic studies.

scholarly journals Modelagem Matemática e Aprendizagem Significativa: uma Relação Subjacente

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-247
Author(s):  
Jerson Sandro Santos de Souza
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mathematics Teachers ◽  
Interaction Process ◽  
Teaching Methodology ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
Scientific Texts ◽  
New Information ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
Cognitive Interaction

ResumoO presente artigo propõe-se a apresentar algumas reflexões, embasadas em uma pesquisa bibliográfica, sobre a modelagem matemática como metodologia de ensino. Discutem-se os pressupostos, as características, as etapas e as possibilidades de organização curricular de atividades que são pautadas nessa alternativa metodológica. Destaca-se o papel da teoria da aprendizagem significativa na fundamentação e na defesa da modelagem matemática como proposta de ensino. Efetua-se um confronto das várias perspectivas oriundas dos textos científicos selecionados para estudo e análise, de modo a buscar convergências que evidenciem o potencial da modelagem matemática para: (1) favorecer a utilização pedagógica dos conhecimentos prévios dos aprendizes e (2) instigar o comprometimento deles com as situações de aprendizagem. Conclui-se o trabalho apresentando argumentos que caracterizam essa metodologia de ensino como favorecedora da aprendizagem significativa de conteúdos matemáticos, com o intuito de disponibilizar aos professores de matemática subsídios teóricos que os auxiliem na tomada de consciência do processo de interação cognitiva, entre as novas informações e os conhecimentos prévios do educando, subjacente às atividades de modelagem matemática. Palavras-chave: Modelagem Matemática. Aprendizagem Significativa. Educação Matemática. AbstractThis article presents some reflections based on a bibliographic research on mathematical modeling as a teaching methodology. The assumptions, characteristics, stages, and possibilities of curricular organization of activities based on this methodological alternative are discussed. The role of significant learning theory in the foundation and defense of mathematical modeling as a teaching proposal is highlighted. A comparison of the various perspectives from the scientific texts selected for study and analysis is made to find convergences that highlight the potential of mathematical modeling to: (1) favor the pedagogical use of the students' prior knowledge and (2) instigate their commitment to learning situations. The work is concluded with arguments that characterize this teaching methodology as fostering significant learning of mathematical content, to provide mathematics teachers with theoretical subsidies that help them to become aware of the cognitive interaction process, among the new information and the students' previous knowledge that underlies the mathematical modeling activities. Keywords: Mathematical Modeling. Meaningful Learning. Mathematics Education.

scholarly journals The Role of Visual Metaphor in Visual Genres

10.29007/ncq2 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Negro
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Visual Metaphor ◽  
Research Focus ◽  
Cognitive Metaphor ◽  
Metaphor Theory ◽  
Verbal Metaphor ◽  
Political Cartooning ◽  
News Event

In the last decades metaphor has been a paramount research topic within the Cognitive Metaphor Theory. Although initially linguistic metaphor received most attention, in recent years the research focus has shifted from verbal metaphor to other types of monomodal and multimodal metaphor (Forceville 2009). One research line has been the study of visual metaphor, i.e. metaphor instantiated through image, in specialised language, including political cartooning (e.g. El Refaie 2003), winespeak (e.g. Caballero 2009) and advertising (Forceville 2008). In the present article I examine the evaluative role of visual metaphor in two visual genres – advertising and political cartooning – through a corpus of English, French and Spanish ads and cartoons. It will be argued that while in advertising metaphor enhances the product qualities or presents it as a necessity, thus working as a persuasive tool, in cartooning metaphor shows the author’s critical stance towards a news event.

Distributivity

2019 ◽  
pp. 142-155
Author(s):  
Kristen Syrett
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Structural Factors ◽  
Universal Quantifier ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
On Line ◽  
Predicate Adjective ◽  
Behavioural Evidence

This chapter introduces the related topics of distributivity, collectivity, and cumulativity. Evidence is reviewed for the availability of multiple readings of ambiguous sentences that support distributive and collective interpretations, and the constrained interpretation of sentences arising from the lexical semantics of a universal quantifier, a predicate (adjective), an adverbial modifier, a determiner, or quantification scope. Off-line tasks with child and adult participants reveal a developmental comparison in the availability of these readings and the predication of individuals and groups of individuals, while on-line processing tasks with adults provide fine-grained behavioural evidence for the role of lexical and structural factors in facilitating or suppressing such readings.

Б. Алыкуловдун «Жер» аттуу ырындагы антонимдердин колдонулушу

2019 ◽  
pp. 30-32
Author(s):  
Перизат Кубатбек кызы ◽  
А.Т. Дунканаев
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Works Of Art ◽  
Thinking Ability ◽  
Creative Personality ◽  
The Way

Аннотация: Макалада Б. Алыкуловдун «Жер» аттуу ырындагы антонимдердин катышы тууралуу статистикалык маалыматтар камтылуу менен, аларды колдонулуш мүнөзү, тилдик каражаттардын көркөм чыгармалардагы ролу, аткарган функциясы көрсөтүлдү. Кыргыз төкмө акындарынын классиги аталган Б.Алыкуловдун чыгармаларындагы тилдик каражаттардын колдонулушу жөнүндө өзгөчө сөз кылууга болот. Анткени кандай гана көрүнүктүү, таланттуу акын-жазуучуларды албайлы, биринчиден, алардын чыгармачылык жүзүн, ой жүгүртүүсүн, жөндөм-талантын сөз байлыгынан байкоого болот, экинчиден, чыгармаларындагы козголгон маселелердин канчалык деңгээлде ишке ашырылгандыгы тилдик каражаттардын колдонулуш мүнөзүнө, маани- маңызына, туюнтулуш ыкмасына көз каранды. Ушундан улам, ар кыл тематикада жазылган Б. Алыкуловдун поэзиясынын тили ар тараптуу изилдөөнүн объектиси боло алат. Түйүндүү сөздөр: антонимдер, карама-каршы маанилер, тилдик каражаттар, лексикалык семантика, сөз айкашы, сүйлөм, стилистика, синтаксис. Аннотация: В данной статье рассматривается статистика антонимов в стихотворении Б.Алыкулова “Жер”, а также характер их применения, роль языковых средств в художественных произведениях, раскрыта их функция. Особо следует подчеркнуть о применении языковых средств в произведениях классика кыргызских акынов-импровизаторов Б.Алыкулова. Какого бы знаменитого, талантливого поэта или писателя не взять, во-первых, можно проследить их творческую личность, мышление, способность, талант и богатство словарного запаса, во-вторых насколько осуществлены затронутые в их произведениях проблемы зависят от характера применения языковых средств, смысла и значения, способа их передачи. В связи с этим язык поэзии Б. Алыкулова, написанная на различный жанр, становится объектом всестороннего исследования. Ключевые слова: антонимы, противоположные значения, языковые средства, лексическая семантика, словосочетания. Annotation: This article discusses the statistics of antonyms in B.Alykulov s poem “Zher”, as well as the nature of their use, the role of language means in works of art, and their function. It should be emphasized about the use of language in the works of the classic Kyrgyz akyns-improvisers B. Alykulov. No matter what famous, talented poet or writer is not taken, firstly, it is possible to trace their creative personality, thinking, ability, talent and wealth of vocabulary, secondly, how implemented the problems raised in their works depend on the nature of the use of language means, meaning and significance, the way they are transmitted. In this regard, the language of B. Alykulov's poetry, written in different genres, becomes the object of comprehensive research. Key words: antonyms, opposite meanings, language means, lexical semantics, word combinations.

Agreement in Urdu adjectival adverbials

2021 ◽  
pp. 85-102
Author(s):  
Miriam Butt ◽  
Tracy Holloway King
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Formal Analysis ◽  
Verbal Agreement

This chapter extends the analysis for a class of adjectival agreeing adverbs (AdjAdv) found in Urdu, Sindhi, and Punjabi. It focuses on Urdu, providing new data on the distribution of AdjAdv and formalizing the Urdu agreement facts in LFG within the broader context of Urdu verbal and adjectival agreement patterns. The AdjAdvs are APs at c-structure and clausal adjuncts at f-structure. The Urdu AdjAdv agreement patterns follow those of verbal agreement rather than adjectival agreement and are additionally sensitive to lexical semantics, providing further evidence of the role of lexical semantics in Urdu morphosyntax. The new formal analysis combines several attributes of the LFG architecture including the morphology–-lexicon interface, the use of templates to capture generalizations, and the interaction of lexical semantics and syntax. It also highlights the importance of analyszing phenomena within their broader context in order to capture linguistic generalizations: The act of formalization gave rise to a number of data questions which in turn led to modification of the original generalizations.

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