scholarly journals W sprawie cyfrowej historii polskiego kina

Author(s):  
Barbara Lena Gierszewska

Digita l cinema history should support the conduct of free research, encourage authors to share the results of their findings and source discoveries. The problem is that Polish digital history of cinema on one hand is very poor (still a small part of sources and theoretical, historical and critical scientifi cachievements is available on-line), on the other hand, what has already appeared, is not representative because it omits largely the work of film studying authorities. For example, on the Internet you can find the views of researchers of the younger generation about the cultural history of the cinema in Polish context, including criticism of thesis described by scientifictycoons, but these are the texts that can be read only in paper publications. It begins to be, by the scientific standards, strange, because in the history of digital cinema leading roles are played by the young researchers, but without a clash of views with the authorities. The fact that on the net there are no statements concerning the scientifi cresearch given by the greatest experts of Polish cinema, who do not want to turn into a discussion with the young ones, causes the situation in which data to the history of Polish cinema digitally available are (so far) not always satisfying either as the aspect of cognition or the source.  

Author(s):  
Fabíola Do Socorro Figueiredo dos Reis ◽  
Izabela Guimarães Guerra Leal ◽  
Christiane Stallaert

This article presents the results of a research on voluntary and collaborative translation of fanfictions (stories written by fans), which have figured with higher incidence on the Internet in recent years. Although the collaborative translation is not a new phenomenon and has been documented in the history of translation in Western and non-Western cultures, it gains new dimensions in the digital era. Two fanfictions (named “Palavras com Estranhos” e “Palavras com Amigos”) translated by an online group of 33 Brazilian translators reveal some features of the process of collaborative translation on the Internet. The research reveals the collective character of the online translation practiced by non-professional female translators. Our analysis highlights the chainwork of such a practice, the interaction between translators and readers, and the process singled out by this dual interaction on one hand, between translators themselves and, on the other hand, between translator and reader.


Author(s):  
Elena V. Glukhova ◽  

The article discusses the modification of the “estate topos” of Russian sym- bolism in Andrei Bely’s memoir prose. The estates Shakhmatovo, Dedovo, Serebrianyj Kolodez played a key role in the cultural history of Russian symbolism. The peculiarity of Bely’s “estate text”, on the one hand, is that he found an original neo-mythological mode in the image of these estates, on the other hand, gave them heterotopic properties. The article shows how the tonality of his memoirs about Alexander Blok changes from the first edition in journal “Notes of Dreamers” (1922) to the last part of his memorial trilogy “The Beginning of the Century” (1932). If in the first version “Shakhmatovo” appears in neo-mythological meaning and a number of significant symbolic universals are realized, then in the latter version this way of representing the estate is practically erased. The image of Alexander Blok as a spiritual and symbolic center of estate cul- ture is changing: if originally he had the folklore features of Ivan Tsarevich, the ideal symbolist poet on a background of nature, and his wife was Tsarevna, the embodiment of Sophia the Wisdom of God, then later Blok appears as a Lord, carried away only by the issues of managing the estate, and his wife gets the features of an ordinary woman. The estate Serebrianyj Kolodez appears as a heterotopic space, and the features of the estate Dedovo are recognizable in the novel “The Silver Dove”.


2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-306
Author(s):  
Svend Erik Larsen

Modernism and everything modern have always been identified with the avant-garde. If something had not at a certain juncture in cultural history been avant-garde,eo ipsoit had also not been modern. But the history of literary Modernism shows a more complex picture. The various arrière-garde movements celebrating the regional, the traditional, the anti-urban aspects of life stood, on the one hand, in manifest contrast to the metropolitan and globally oriented Modernism, but were on the other hand also fostered by the same modernist wave from ca. 1850 onwards. I here discuss the dichotomies between the local and the global, and between the avant- and arrière-garde as constitutive of Modernism as a whole from its very beginnings.


Author(s):  
Hind Mohammed Abdul Jabbar Ali

Connecting to the  electronic information network (internet) became the most characteristic that distinguish this era However , the long hours which young men daily spend on the internet On the other hand ,there are many people who are waiting for the chance to talk and convince them with their views This will lead the young people to be part in the project of the “cyber armies “that involved with states and terrorist organizations  This project has been able  to recruitment hundreds of people every day to work in its rank . It is very difficult to control these websites because we can see the terrorist presence in all its forms in the internet   In addition there are many incubation environments that feed in particular the young people minds                                                                                         Because they are suffering from the lack of social justice Also the unemployment, deprivation , social and political repression So , that terrorist organizations can attract young people through the internet by convincing them to their views and ideas . So these organizations will enable to be more  stronger.


2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Freidin ◽  
Juan Uriagereka ◽  
David Berlinski

The following remarks attempt to place Jean-Roger Vergnaud’s letter to Noam Chomsky and Howard Lasnik more centrally within the history of modern generative grammar from its inception to the present.


2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Skiles

This article examines the nature and frequency of comments about Jews and Judaism in sermons delivered by Confessing Church pastors in the Nazi dictatorship.  The approach of most historians has focused on the history of antisemitism in the German Protestant tradition—in the works, pronouncements, and policies of the German churches and its leading figures.  Yet historians have left unexamined the most elemental task of the pastor—that is, preaching from the pulpit to the German people.  What would the average German congregant have heard from his pastor about the Jews and Judaism on any given Sunday?  I searched German archives, libraries, and used book stores, and analyzed 910 sermon manuscripts that were produced and disseminated in the Nazi regime.  I argue that these sermons provide mixed messages about Jews and Judaism.  While on the one hand, the sermons express admiration for Judaism as a foundation for Christianity, an insistence on the usage of the Hebrew Bible in the German churches, and the conviction that the Jews are spiritual cousins of Christians.  On the other hand, the sermons express religious prejudice in the form of anti-Judaic tropes that corroborated the Nazi ideology that portrayed Jews and Judaism as inferior: for instance, that Judaism is an antiquated religion of works rather than grace; that the Jews killed Christ and have been punished throughout history as a consequence.  Furthermore, I demonstrate that Confessing Church pastors commonly expressed anti-Judaic statements in the process of criticizing the Nazi regime, its leadership, and its policies.


2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (128) ◽  
pp. 401-417
Author(s):  
Paul van Tongeren

Is friendship still possible under nihilistic conditions? Kant and Nietzsche are important stages in the history of the idealization of friendship, which leads inevitably to the problem of nihilism. Nietzsche himself claims on the one hand that only something like friendship can save us in our nihilistic condition, but on the other hand that precisely friendship has been unmasked and become impossible by these very conditions. It seems we are struck in the nihilistic paradox of not being allowed to believe in the possibility of what we cannot do without. Literary imagination since the 19th century seems to make us even more skeptical. Maybe Beckett provides an illustration of a way out that fits well to Nietzsche's claim that only "the most moderate, those who do not require any extreme articles of faith" will be able to cope with nihilism.


1898 ◽  
Vol 63 (389-400) ◽  
pp. 56-61

The two most important deviations from the normal life-history of ferns, apogamy and apospory, are of interest in themselves, but acquire a more general importance from the possibility that their study may throw light on the nature of alternation of generations in archegoniate plants. They have been considered from this point of view Pringsheim, and by those who, following him, regard the two generations as homologous with one another in the sense that the sporophyte arose by the gradual modification of individuals originally resemblin the sexual plant. Celakovsky and Bower, on the other hand, maintaint the view tha t the sporophyte, as an interpolated stage in the life-history arising by elaboration of the zygote, a few thallophytes.


2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 117
Author(s):  
Liana Pereira Borba dos Santos

O objetivo desse artigo é discutir, à luz da história cultural, elementos relevantes para a construção de uma operação historiográfica, como a metodologia, a escolha e o uso das fontes, assim como a sua respectiva materialidade. Trata-se de um processo que se consolida, de um lado, na escrita de uma narrativa autoral e, de outro, na aproximação com os demais estudos do campo científico. De modo específico, pretende-se estabelecer um diálogo entre os discursos teóricos e metodológicos com a pesquisa desenvolvida, no qual realizo o levantamento e análise das práticas discursivas e representações sociais de infância e de suas instituições afins (como famílias, espaços escolares e médicos, por exemplo), nas páginas da revista Pais & Filhos.Between documents and representations: reflections on the historiographical operation in the Pais & Filhos magazine. This present paper aims to discuss the prominent issues for the historiographical operation in the context of cultural history, as the methodology, the choice and use of sources and their respective materiality. On the one hand, this process is consolidated in writing an authorial narrative and the other hand it is marked by the necessary approximation with other studies the scientific field. In a specific way, the goal is to relate the theoretical and methodological discourse to the research that I have developed, in which I realize the analysis of the discursive practices and social representations of childhood and its related institutions (such as families, school spaces and doctors, for example), the pages of the publication entitled Pais & Filhos (Parents & Children). Keywords: Historiographical operation; Cultural history; Pais & Filhos Magazine; Education.


1985 ◽  
Vol 24 (95) ◽  
pp. 327-340
Author(s):  
Francis Thompson

The Irish land act of 1881, it is generally agreed, was a victory for the Land League and Parnell, and nationalist policy with regard to the act and the attitude of southern tenants towards it have been many times subjected to detailed examination by historians of this period. In these analyses of the events of 1880–81, however, little reference is normally made to the part played by the different parties and interests in the north of the country. It is often assumed, for example, that the Ulster tenants held aloof from the campaign for reform, lending no more than occasional vocal support to the agitational efforts of tenants in the south and west. Indeed, they were later excoriated by William O'Brien, Michael Davitt and others not only for giving no support to the land movement but also for sabotaging Parnell's policy of testing the 1881 act by precipitately rushing into the land courts to take advantage of the new legislation: ‘that hard-fisted body of men, having done nothing themselves to win the act, thought of nothing but turning it to their own immediate use, and repudiating any solidarity with the southern and western rebels to whom they really owed it’. If, however, northern tenants were harshly judged by nationalist politicians in the years after 1881, the part played by the northern political parties in the history of the land bill has been either ignored or misunderstood by historians since that time. The Ulster liberals, for example, are rarely mentioned, the implication being that they made no contribution to the act even though it implemented almost exactly the programme on which they had been campaigning for much of the previous decade. The northern conservatives, on the other hand, are commonly seen as leading opponents of the bill, more intransigent than their party colleagues in the south, ‘quick to denounce any weakening of the opposition’ to reform, and ‘determined to keep the tory party up to the mark in defending the landlord interest’


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