scholarly journals Purifying Selection in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 pol Gene in Perinatally Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1-Infected Children Harboring Discordant Immunological Response and Virological Nonresponse to Long-Term Antiretroviral Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 369-376
Author(s):  
Ralph-Sydney Mboumba Bouassa ◽  
Helene Pere ◽  
Christian Diamant Mossoro-Kpinde ◽  
Pierre Roques ◽  
Jean Chrysostome Gody ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Immunological Response ◽  
Purifying Selection ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

scholarly journals Aviremia 10 Years Postdiscontinuation of Antiretroviral Therapy Initiated During Primary Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 Infection and Association With Gag-Specific T-Cell Responses

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabine Kinloch-de Loes ◽  
Lucy Dorrell ◽  
Hongbing Yang ◽  
Gareth A. D. Hardy ◽  
Sabine Yerly ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Viral Reservoir ◽  
Cell Responses ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Cellular Immune ◽  
Drug Free ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

Abstract Combination antiretroviral therapy during primary human immunodeficiency virus-1 infection may enable long-term drug-free virological control in rare individuals. We describe a female who maintained aviremia and a normal CD4+/CD8+ T cell ratio for 10 years after stopping therapy, despite a persistent viral reservoir. Cellular immune responses may have contributed to this outcome.

scholarly journals Association of Male Sex and Obesity With Residual Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Viremia in Persons on Long-Term Antiretroviral Therapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua C Cyktor ◽  
Ronald J Bosch ◽  
Hanna Mar ◽  
Bernard J Macatangay ◽  
Ann C Collier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Single Copy ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Virologic Suppression ◽  
Residual Viremia ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv 1 ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1

Abstract Background Although adipose tissue has been proposed to harbor part of the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) reservoir, the influence of host characteristics, including sex and body mass index (BMI), on measures of HIV-1 persistence during antiretroviral therapy (ART) are incompletely understood. Methods We evaluated age, sex, BMI, waist circumference, years on ART, pre-ART HIV-1 RNA, pre-ART CD4+ T-cell count, and initial ART regimen with measures of HIV-1 persistence in blood (residual viremia, cellular HIV-1 DNA and RNA) in a cohort of 295 individuals with well-documented long-term virologic suppression (HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL) on ART (AIDS Clinical Trials Group study A5321). Results Men were more likely than women to have detectable plasma HIV-1 RNA by single-copy assay (52% vs 29%; P = .003), and the proportion of participants with detectable residual viremia increased in a stepwise fashion by BMI category (normal weight or underweight, 38%; overweight, 50%; and obese, 55%). ART regimen type was not associated with measures of HIV-1 persistence after controlling for ART duration. Conclusions Sex and obesity are independently associated with residual viremia in people on long-term ART. Additional studies to confirm these relationships and to define the mechanisms by which sex and obesity affect HIV-1 persistence are needed to inform HIV-1 cure strategies.

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